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Using Machine Learning Algorithms for Water Segmentation in Gas Diffusion Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells. Transp Porous Media 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-022-01833-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Ke Y, Li J, Yuan W, Chen Y, Zhao B, Tang Z, Wu X, Zhang S, Tang Y. Mangrove Root-Inspired Carbon Nanotube Film for Micro-Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19897-19906. [PMID: 35446535 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The functional microporous layer, acting as a mass-transfer control medium with a rational structure and surface morphology as well as high electrical conductivity, significantly affects the performance of micro-direct methanol fuel cells (μDMFCs). Bioinspired by the architecture and multi-functional properties of mangrove roots, this study develops a simple and versatile strategy based on magnetron sputtering and chemical vapor deposition to fabricate a mangrove root-inspired carbon nanotube film (MR-CNTF) as the functional interface in μDMFCs. It has features such as ultralightweight, high porosity, and good electrical conductivity. During the synthesis process, an apex-growth model of CNTF is identified. The results indicate that the MR-CNTF used as a cathodic microporous layer can remarkably facilitate the oxygen transport and water management. Because of its multi-functional structure and excellent material characteristics, the passive μDMFC displays a peak power density of 14.9 mW cm-2 at 68 mA cm-2. This value is 88.6% higher than the highest power density of the one based on a carbon nanotube array (7.9 mW cm-2) and 45% higher than that of the conventional carbon black (10.7 mW cm-2). We believe that this novel material with its multi-functional structure illuminates a promising application for fuel cells and other energy storage and conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Ke
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinguang Li
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bote Zhao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenghua Tang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuyang Wu
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shiwei Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Tang K, Meyer Q, White R, Armstrong RT, Mostaghimi P, Da Wang Y, Liu S, Zhao C, Regenauer-Lieb K, Tung PKM. Deep learning for full-feature X-ray microcomputed tomography segmentation of proton electron membrane fuel cells. Comput Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2022.107768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Bahoosh R, Jafari M, Bahrainian SS. 3-D modeling of proton exchange fuel cell cathode with a novel random generation of gas diffusion porous layer. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-019-0462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
This paper presents the 3D carbon cloth gas diffusion layer (GDL) to predict transport behaviors of anisotropic structure properties. A statistical characterization and stochastic reconstruction method is established to construct the 3D micro-structure using the data from the true materials. Statistics of the many microstructure characteristics, such as porosity, pore size distribution, and shape of the void, are all quantified by image-based characterization. Furthermore, the stochastic reconstruction algorithm is proposed to generate random and anisotropic 3D microstructure models. The proposed method is demonstrated by some classical simulation prediction and to give the evaluation of the transport properties. Various reconstructed GDLs are also generated to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method. In the end, the adapted structure properties are offered to optimize the carbon cloth GDLs.
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Sharma KV, Straka R, Tavares FW. Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Industrial Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keerti Vardhan Sharma
- Escola de Química, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- PEQ/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 24210-240, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robert Straka
- Department of Heat Engineering and Environment Protection, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Frederico Wanderley Tavares
- Escola de Química, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- PEQ/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 24210-240, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Electron tomography reveals details of the internal microstructure of desalination membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:8694-8699. [PMID: 30104388 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804708115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As water availability becomes a growing challenge in various regions throughout the world, desalination and wastewater reclamation through technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) are becoming more important. Nevertheless, many open questions remain regarding the internal structure of thin-film composite RO membranes. In this work, fully aromatic polyamide films that serve as the active layer of state-of-the-art water filtration membranes were investigated using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy tomography. Reconstructions of the 3D morphology reveal intricate aspects of the complex microstructure not visible from 2D projections. We find that internal voids of the active layer of compressed commercial membranes account for less than 0.2% of the total polymer volume, contrary to previously reported values that are two orders of magnitude higher. Measurements of the local variation in polyamide density from electron tomography reveal that the polymer density is highest at the permeable surface for the two membranes tested and establish the significance of surface area on RO membrane transport properties. The same type of analyses could provide explanations for different flux variations with surface area for other types of membranes where the density is distributed differently. Thus, 3D reconstructions and quantitative analyses will be crucial to characterize the complex morphology of polymeric membranes used in next-generation water-purification membranes.
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Meyer Q, Mansor N, Iacoviello F, Cullen P, Jervis R, Finegan D, Tan C, Bailey J, Shearing P, Brett D. Investigation of Hot Pressed Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Assemblies via X-ray Computed Tomography. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Effect of gas diffusion layer properties on water distribution across air-cooled, open-cathode polymer electrolyte fuel cells: A combined ex-situ X-ray tomography and in-operando neutron imaging study. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hasanpour S, Hoorfar M, Phillion A. Different Methods for Determining Porosity of Gas Diffusion Layer using X-ray Microtomography. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Odaya S, Phillips R, Sharma Y, Bellerive J, Phillion A, Hoorfar M. X-ray Tomographic Analysis of Porosity Distributions in Gas Diffusion Layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Moqtaderi H, Esfahanian V. Evaluation of a new solid boundary implementation in the lattice Boltzmann method for porous media considering permeability and apparent slip. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:2193-2201. [PMID: 21536565 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The accuracy of solid wall treatment in the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) simulation of porous structures affects different hydraulic parameters including integral properties, such as permeability, or local phenomena, such as apparent slip. Based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the current methods, a new technique is introduced for exact boundary extraction from binary representation. Using this technique, the LBM model can simultaneously benefit from the advantages of existing approaches, i.e. the real micro-/nanostructure obtained with X-ray computed tomography, and a reduction in the resolution requirement. To evaluate the technique, permeability and slip length on the solid walls are investigated for a porous gas diffusion layer. The results show acceptable accuracy improvement balanced with computational costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Moqtaderi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering College, University of Tehran, North Kargar Avenue, PO Box 14395-1335, Tehran, Iran.
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Rama P, Liu Y, Chen R, Ostadi H, Jiang K, Gao Y, Zhang XX, Fisher R, Jeschke M. Simulation of liquid water breakthrough in a nanotomography reconstruction of a carbon paper gas-diffusion layer. AIChE J 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Investigation of liquid water in gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte fuel cells using X-ray tomographic microscopy. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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