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Carnero B, Radziunas-Salinas Y, Rodiño-Janeiro BK, Ballesta SV, Flores-Arias MT. Versatile hybrid technique for passive straight micromixer manufacturing by combining pulsed laser ablation, stereolithographic 3D printing and computational fluid dynamics. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2669-2682. [PMID: 38651171 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
There is a need to develop new and versatile fabrication methods to achieve efficient mixing of fluids in microfluidic channels using microstructures. This work presents a new technique that combines stereolithography (SLA) and pulsed laser ablation (PLA) to manufacture a straight micromixer for uniform mixing of two samples. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is performed to deeply understand the physical mechanisms of the process. The results suggest that this new optical technique holds the potential to become a versatile hybrid technique for manufacturing remarkable mixing microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastián Carnero
- Photonics4Life Research Group, Applied Physics Department, Facultade de Física, iMATUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- BFlow SL, Edificio Emprendia, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, E-15706, Spain
| | - Yago Radziunas-Salinas
- Photonics4Life Research Group, Applied Physics Department, Facultade de Física, iMATUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | - Sylvana Varela Ballesta
- BFlow SL, Edificio Emprendia, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, E-15706, Spain
- Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, E-43007, Spain
| | - M Teresa Flores-Arias
- Photonics4Life Research Group, Applied Physics Department, Facultade de Física, iMATUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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2
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Pasha M, Liu S, Zhang J, Qiu M, Su Y. Recent Advancements on Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer Characteristics for CO 2 Absorption in Microreactors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Pasha
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Saier Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Economics and Law, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Hebei 050043, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhai Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
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3
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A Review of Microfluidic Experimental Designs for Nanoparticle Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158293. [PMID: 35955420 PMCID: PMC9368202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is defined as emerging science and technology based on precisely manipulating fluids through miniaturized devices with micro-scale channels and chambers. Such microfluidic systems can be used for numerous applications, including reactions, separations, or detection of various compounds. Therefore, due to their potential as microreactors, a particular research focus was noted in exploring various microchannel configurations for on-chip chemical syntheses of materials with tailored properties. Given the significant number of studies in the field, this paper aims to review the recently developed microfluidic devices based on their geometry particularities, starting from a brief presentation of nanoparticle synthesis and mixing within microchannels, further moving to a more detailed discussion of different chip configurations with potential use in nanomaterial fabrication.
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Facile microfabrication of three dimensional-patterned micromixers using additive manufacturing technology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6346. [PMID: 35428793 PMCID: PMC9012767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the manufacturing method of oblique patterns in microchannels and the effect of these patterns on mixing performance in microchannels. To fabricate three-dimensional (3D) and oblique patterns in microchannels, 3D printing and replica methods were utilized to mold patterns and microchannels, respectively. The angle and size of the patterns were controlled by the printing angle and resolution, respectively. The mixing efficiency was experimentally characterized, and the mixing principle was analyzed using computational fluid dynamics simulation. The analysis showed that the mixing channel cast from the mold printed with a printing angle of 30° and resolution of 300 μm exhibited the best mixing efficiency with a segregation index of approximately 0.05 at a Reynolds number of 5.4. This was because, as the patterns inside the microchannel were more oblique, “split” and “recombine” behaviors between two fluids were enhanced owing to the geometrical effect. This study supports the use of the 3D printing method to create unique patterns inside microchannels and improve the mixing performance of two laminar flows for various applications such as point-of-care diagnostics, lab-on-a-chip, and chemical synthesis.
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Wang S, Zeng J, Cheng Z, Yuan Z, Wang X, Wang B. Precisely controlled preparation of uniform nanocrystalline cellulose via microfluidic technology. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Koryakina IG, Afonicheva PK, Arabuli KV, Evstrapov AA, Timin AS, Zyuzin MV. Microfluidic synthesis of optically responsive materials for nano- and biophotonics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 298:102548. [PMID: 34757247 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanomaterials demonstrating optical response under illumination, the so-called optically responsive nanoparticles (NPs), have found their broad application as optical switchers, gas adsorbents, data storage devices, and optical and biological sensors. Unique optical properties of such nanomaterials are strongly related to their chemical composition, geometrical parameters and morphology. Microfluidic approaches for NPs' synthesis allow overcoming the known critical stages in conventional synthesis of NPs due to a high rate of heat/mass transfer and precise regulation of synthesis conditions, which results in reproducible synthesis outcomes with the desired physico-chemical properties. Here, we review the recent advances in microfluidic approach for synthesis of optically responsive nanomaterials (plasmonic, photoluminescent, shape-changeable NPs), highlighting the general background of microfluidics, common considerations in the design of microfluidic chips (MFCs), and theoretical models of the NPs' formation mechanisms. Comparative analysis of microfluidic synthesis with conventional synthesis methods is provided further, along with the recent applications of optically responsive NPs in nano- and biophotonics.
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Le TNQ, Tran NN, Escribà-Gelonch M, Serra CA, Fisk I, McClements DJ, Hessel V. Microfluidic encapsulation for controlled release and its potential for nanofertilisers. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11979-12012. [PMID: 34515721 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00465d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is increasingly being utilized to create advanced materials with improved or new functional attributes. Converting fertilizers into a nanoparticle-form has been shown to improve their efficacy but the current procedures used to fabricate nanofertilisers often have poor reproducibility and flexibility. Microfluidic systems, on the other hand, have advantages over traditional nanoparticle fabrication methods in terms of energy and materials consumption, versatility, and controllability. The increased controllability can result in the formation of nanoparticles with precise and complex morphologies (e.g., tuneable sizes, low polydispersity, and multi-core structures). As a result, their functional performance can be tailored to specific applications. This paper reviews the principles, formation, and applications of nano-enabled delivery systems fabricated using microfluidic approaches for the encapsulation, protection, and release of fertilizers. Controlled release can be achieved using two main routes: (i) nutrients adsorbed on nanosupports and (ii) nutrients encapsulated inside nanostructures. We aim to highlight the opportunities for preparing a new generation of highly versatile nanofertilisers using microfluidic systems. We will explore several main characteristics of microfluidically prepared nanofertilisers, including droplet formation, shell fine-tuning, adsorbate fine-tuning, and sustained/triggered release behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Nguyen Quang Le
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. .,Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nam Nghiep Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. .,School of Chemical Engineering, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Marc Escribà-Gelonch
- Higher Polytechnic Engineering School, University of Lleida, Igualada (Barcelona), 08700, Spain
| | - Christophe A Serra
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ian Fisk
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK.,The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Volker Hessel
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. .,School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Library Rd, Coventry, UK
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Sucrose solution as a new viscous test fluid with tunable viscosities up to 2 Pas for micromixing characterization by the Villermaux–Dushman reaction. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFor the first time, micromixing characterization for the Villermaux–Dushman reaction could be performed with a non-reactive viscous medium at viscosities up to 2 Pas. As viscous medium, sucrose solution was used with the benefit of being a Newtonian fluid with tuneable viscosity. Due to the higher viscosities in comparison to established media for micromixing investigations, a new protocol for the experimental implementation was developed. Micromixing experiments were conducted and the applicability of viscous sucrose solutions was proven in a stirred tank reactor. Major challenges in characterizing micromixing efficiency in high viscous solution were consolidated.
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Niculescu AG, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM. Magnetite nanoparticles: Synthesis methods - A comparative review. Methods 2021; 199:16-27. [PMID: 33915292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide-based nanoparticles have gathered tremendous scientific interest towards their application in a variety of fields. Magnetite has been particularly investigated due to its readily availability, versatility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and special magnetic properties. As the behavior of nano-scale magnetite is in direct relation to its shape, size, and surface chemistry, accurate control over the nanoparticle synthesis process is essential in obtaining quality products for the intended end uses. Several chemical, physical, and biological methods are found in the literature and implemented in the laboratory or industrial practice. However, non-conventional methods emerged in recent years to bring unprecedented synthesis performances in terms of better-controlled morphologies, sizes, and size distribution. Particularly, microfluidic methods represent a promising technology towards smaller reagent volume use, waste reduction, precise control of fluid mixing, and ease of automation, overcoming some of the major drawbacks of conventional bulk methods. This review aims to present the main properties, applications, and synthesis methods of magnetite, together with the newest advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania.
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10
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Niculescu AG, Chircov C, Bîrcă AC, Grumezescu AM. Nanomaterials Synthesis through Microfluidic Methods: An Updated Overview. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:864. [PMID: 33800636 PMCID: PMC8066900 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices emerged due to an interdisciplinary "collision" between chemistry, physics, biology, fluid dynamics, microelectronics, and material science. Such devices can act as reaction vessels for many chemical and biological processes, reducing the occupied space, equipment costs, and reaction times while enhancing the quality of the synthesized products. Due to this series of advantages compared to classical synthesis methods, microfluidic technology managed to gather considerable scientific interest towards nanomaterials production. Thus, a new era of possibilities regarding the design and development of numerous applications within the pharmaceutical and medical fields has emerged. In this context, the present review provides a thorough comparison between conventional methods and microfluidic approaches for nanomaterials synthesis, presenting the most recent research advancements within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Alexandra Cătălina Bîrcă
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (A.C.B.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Challenges and Recent Developments of Photoflow-Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization (RDRP). CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2529-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Zaquen N, Rubens M, Corrigan N, Xu J, Zetterlund PB, Boyer C, Junkers T. Polymer Synthesis in Continuous Flow Reactors. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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13
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Bettermann S, Kandelhard F, Moritz HU, Pauer W. Digital and lean development method for 3D-printed reactors based on CAD modeling and CFD simulation. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Xiaolin Shi, Jingyang Jiang. Anionic Polymerization of Acrylonitrile Using a Flow Microreactor System. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090419050166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Bomhard S, Schramm J, Bleul R, Thiermann R, Höbel P, Krtschil U, Löb P, Maskos M. Modular Manufacturing Platform for Continuous Synthesis and Analysis of Versatile Nanomaterials. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Bomhard
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Jonas Schramm
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Regina Bleul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Raphael Thiermann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Peter Höbel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Ulrich Krtschil
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Patrick Löb
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18–20 55129 Mainz Germany
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16
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Song J, Zhang S, Wang K, Wang Y. Synthesis of million molecular weight polyacrylamide with droplet flow microreactors. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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CFD and experimental investigations on the micromixing performance of single countercurrent-flow microchannel reactor. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Anionic Polymerization Using Flow Microreactors. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24081532. [PMID: 31003462 PMCID: PMC6514773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flow microreactors are expected to make a revolutionary change in chemical synthesis involving various fields of polymer synthesis. In fact, extensive flow microreactor studies have opened up new possibilities in polymer chemistry including cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization, radical polymerization, coordination polymerization, polycondensation and ring-opening polymerization. This review provides an overview of flow microreactors in anionic polymerization and their various applications.
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19
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Borgogna A, Murmura M, Annesini M, Giona M, Cerbelli S. A hybrid numerical approach for predicting mixing length and mixing time in microfluidic junctions from moderate to arbitrarily large values of the Péclet number. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Gong H, Woolley AT, Nordin GP. 3D printed selectable dilution mixer pumps. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:014106. [PMID: 30766649 PMCID: PMC6353643 DOI: 10.1063/1.5070068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate the ability to 3D print tightly integrated structures with active valves, pumps, and mixers, and we use our compact chip-to-chip interconnects [Gong et al., Lab Chip 18, 639-647 (2018)] to move bulky world-to-chip connections to separate interface chips for both post-print flushing and post-cure device operation. As example devices, we first examine 3D printed pumps, followed by two types of selectable ratio mixer pumps, a linear dilution mixer pump (LDMP) and a parallelized dilution mixer pump (PDMP), which occupy volumes of only 1.5 mm 3 and 2.6 mm 3 , respectively. The LDMP generates a selectable dilution ratio from a linear set of possibilities, while the PDMP generates a denser set of possible dilutions with a maximum dilution ratio of 1/16. The PDMP also incorporates a new 4-to-1 valve to simultaneously control 4 inlet channels. To characterize LDMP and PDMP operation and performance, we present a new, low-cost video method to directly measure the relative concentration of an absorptive dye on a pixel-by-pixel basis for each video frame. Using this method, we find that 6 periods of the active mixer that forms the core of the LDMP and PDMP are sufficient to fully mix the fluid, and that the generated concentrations track the designed dilution ratios as expected. The LDMP mixes 20 nl per 4.6 s mixer pump period, while the PDMP uses parallelized input pumps to process the same fluid volume with greater choice of dilution ratios in a 3.6 s period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Gong
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Adam T Woolley
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Gregory P Nordin
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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21
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Demulsification of Kerosene/Water Emulsion in the Transparent Asymmetric Plate-Type Micro-Channel. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:mi9120680. [PMID: 30572660 PMCID: PMC6315529 DOI: 10.3390/mi9120680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric plate-type micro-channels (APM) have one hydrophobic wall and one hydrophilic wall. By flowing through APM, a kerosene-in-water emulsion can be de-emulsified in one second. To date, however, the demulsification process in the APM is still a black box. In order to observe the demulsification process directly, transparent asymmetric plate-type micro-channels (TAPM) were fabricated with two surface-modified glass plates. Emulsions with oil contents of 10%, 30%, and 50% were pumped through TAPM with heights of 39.2 μm and 159.5 μm. The movement and coalescence of oil droplets (the dispersed phase of a kerosene-in-water emulsion) in the TAPM were observed directly with an optical microscope. By analyzing videos and photographs, it was found that the demulsification process included three steps: oil droplets flowed against and were adsorbed on the hydrophobic wall, then oil droplets coalesced to form larger droplets, whereupon the oil phase was separated. The experimental results showed that the demulsification efficiency was approximately proportional to the oil content (30–50%) of the emulsions and increased when the micro-channel height was reduced.
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22
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Song Y, Shang M, Zhang H, Xu W, Pu X, Lu Q, Su Y. Process Characteristics and Rheological Properties of Free Radical Polymerization in Microreactors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Minjing Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xin Pu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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23
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Xie D, Lu Y. Achieving Low-Cost and Accelerated Living Cationic Polymerization of Isobutyl Vinyl Ether in Microflow System. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yangcheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Zha L, Pu X, Shang M, Li G, Xu W, Lu Q, Su Y. A study on the micromixing performance in microreactors for polymer solutions. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zha
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Xin Pu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Minjing Shang
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Guangxiao Li
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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25
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Miura H, Bon V, Senkovska I, Ehrling S, Watanabe S, Ohba M, Kaskel S. Tuning the gate-opening pressure and particle size distribution of the switchable metal-organic framework DUT-8(Ni) by controlled nucleation in a micromixer. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:14002-14011. [PMID: 28976513 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02809a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Controlled nucleation in a micromixer and further crystal growth were used to synthesize Ni2(2,6-ndc)2dabco (2,6-ndc - 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, dabco - 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane), also termed DUT-8(Ni) (DUT = Dresden University of Technology), with narrow particle size distribution in a range of a few nm to several μm. The crystal size was found to significantly affect the switching characteristics, in particular the gate opening pressure in nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K for this highly porous and flexible network. Below a critical size of about 500 nm, a type Ia isotherm typical of rigid MOFs is observed, while above approximately 1000 nm a pronounced gating behaviour is detected, starting at p/p0 = 0.2. With increasing crystal size this transition gate becomes steeper indicating a more uniform distribution of activation energies within the crystal ensemble. At an intermediate size (500-1000 nm), the DUT-8(Ni) crystals close during activation but cannot be reopened by nitrogen at 77 K possibly indicating monodomain switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Miura
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
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26
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Song Y, Shang M, Li G, Luo Z, Su Y. Influence of mixing performance on polymerization of acrylamide in capillary microreactors. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, 200240 P.R. China
| | - Minjing Shang
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, 200240 P.R. China
| | - Guangxiao Li
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, 200240 P.R. China
| | - Zheng‐Hong Luo
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, 200240 P.R. China
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, 200240 P.R. China
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27
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Zhang J, Wang K, Teixeira AR, Jensen KF, Luo G. Design and Scaling Up of Microchemical Systems: A Review. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2017; 8:285-305. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060816-101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed a rapid development of microreactors. A substantial number of reactions have been tested in microchemical systems, revealing the advantages of controlled residence time, enhanced transport efficiency, high product yield, and inherent safety. This review defines the microchemical system and describes its components and applications as well as the basic structures of micromixers. We focus on mixing, flow dynamics, and mass and heat transfer in microreactors along with three strategies for scaling up microreactors: parallel numbering-up, consecutive numbering-up, and scale-out. We also propose a possible methodology to design microchemical systems. Finally, we provide a summary and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Kai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Andrew R. Teixeira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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28
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Asano S, Yamada S, Maki T, Muranaka Y, Mae K. Design protocol of microjet mixers for achieving desirable mixing times with arbitrary flow rate ratios. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We extensively examined the performance of microjet mixers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Asano
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- 6158510 Kyoto
- Japan
| | - S. Yamada
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- 6158510 Kyoto
- Japan
| | - T. Maki
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- 6158510 Kyoto
- Japan
| | - Y. Muranaka
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- 6158510 Kyoto
- Japan
| | - K. Mae
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- 6158510 Kyoto
- Japan
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29
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Brocken L, Price PD, Whittaker J, Baxendale IR. Continuous flow synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) via free radical polymerisation. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The free radical polymerisation of aqueous solutions of acrylic acid (1) has been studied using a continuous flow reactor to quickly screen reaction parameters such as temperature, residence time, monomer- and initiator concentration.
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30
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Abstract
Engineering characteristics of liquid–liquid microflow and its advantages in chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Liantang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Pei Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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31
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Sen N, Singh K, Mukhopadhyay S, Shenoy K. Comparison of different microreactors for solvent-free, continuous synthesis of [EMIM][EtSO4] ionic liquid: An experimental and CFD study. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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33
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Sivashankar S, Agambayev S, Mashraei Y, Li EQ, Thoroddsen ST, Salama KN. A "twisted" microfluidic mixer suitable for a wide range of flow rate applications. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:034120. [PMID: 27453767 PMCID: PMC4930447 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a new "twisted" 3D microfluidic mixer fabricated by a laser writing/microfabrication technique. Effective and efficient mixing using the twisted micromixers can be obtained by combining two general chaotic mixing mechanisms: splitting/recombining and chaotic advection. The lamination of mixer units provides the splitting and recombination mechanism when the quadrant of circles is arranged in a two-layered serial arrangement of mixing units. The overall 3D path of the microchannel introduces the advection. An experimental investigation using chemical solutions revealed that these novel 3D passive microfluidic mixers were stable and could be operated at a wide range of flow rates. This micromixer finds application in the manipulation of tiny volumes of liquids that are crucial in diagnostics. The mixing performance was evaluated by dye visualization, and using a pH test that determined the chemical reaction of the solutions. A comparison of the tornado-mixer with this twisted micromixer was made to evaluate the efficiency of mixing. The efficiency of mixing was calculated within the channel by acquiring intensities using ImageJ software. Results suggested that efficient mixing can be obtained when more than 3 units were consecutively placed. The geometry of the device, which has a length of 30 mm, enables the device to be integrated with micro total analysis systems and other lab-on-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sivashankar
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumeyra Agambayev
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousof Mashraei
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Er Qiang Li
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sigurdur T Thoroddsen
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Nabil Salama
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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34
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Cambié D, Bottecchia C, Straathof NJW, Hessel V, Noël T. Applications of Continuous-Flow Photochemistry in Organic Synthesis, Material Science, and Water Treatment. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10276-341. [PMID: 26935706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 882] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Continuous-flow photochemistry in microreactors receives a lot of attention from researchers in academia and industry as this technology provides reduced reaction times, higher selectivities, straightforward scalability, and the possibility to safely use hazardous intermediates and gaseous reactants. In this review, an up-to-date overview is given of photochemical transformations in continuous-flow reactors, including applications in organic synthesis, material science, and water treatment. In addition, the advantages of continuous-flow photochemistry are pointed out and a thorough comparison with batch processing is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Cambié
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Bottecchia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Natan J W Straathof
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S4), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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35
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Lu Y, Zhu S, Wang K, Luo G. Generation of Poly(isobutene-co-isoprene) in a Microflow Device. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangcheng Lu
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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36
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Li X, Mastan E, Wang WJ, Li BG, Zhu S. Progress in reactor engineering of controlled radical polymerization: a comprehensive review. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5re00044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Controlled radical polymerization (CRP) represents an important advancement in polymer chemistry. It allows synthesis of polymers with well-controlled chain microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Erlita Mastan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Bo-Geng Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada
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37
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Chuang YM, Wenn B, Gielen S, Ethirajan A, Junkers T. Ligand switch in photoinduced copper-mediated polymerization: synthesis of methacrylate–acrylate block copolymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00592b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of photo-induced copper-mediated radical polymerization (photoCMP) to synthesize mixed acrylate/methacrylate (methyl acrylate, MA and methyl methacrylate, MMA) block copolymers is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Mi Chuang
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Hasselt University
- 3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Benjamin Wenn
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Hasselt University
- 3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Sam Gielen
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Hasselt University
- 3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Anitha Ethirajan
- Organic and (Bio-)Polymer Chemistry
- Institute for Materials Research
- Hasselt University
- 3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Tanja Junkers
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Hasselt University
- 3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
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38
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Kermagoret A, Wenn B, Debuigne A, Jérôme C, Junkers T, Detrembleur C. Improved photo-induced cobalt-mediated radical polymerization in continuous flow photoreactors. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00299k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) for continuous microflow reactor synthesis is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kermagoret
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- Chemistry Department
- University of Liège (ULg)
- 4000 Liège
- Belgium
| | - Benjamin Wenn
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- 3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- Chemistry Department
- University of Liège (ULg)
- 4000 Liège
- Belgium
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- Chemistry Department
- University of Liège (ULg)
- 4000 Liège
- Belgium
| | - Tanja Junkers
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- 3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- Chemistry Department
- University of Liège (ULg)
- 4000 Liège
- Belgium
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39
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40
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Microreactor-Assisted Solution Deposition for Compound Semiconductor Thin Films. Processes (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/pr2020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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41
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Parida D, Serra CA, Garg DK, Hoarau Y, Bally F, Muller R, Bouquey M. Coil Flow Inversion as a Route To Control Polymerization in Microreactors. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5001628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dambarudhar Parida
- Groupe
d’Intensification et d’Intégration des Procédés
Polymères (G2IP), Institut de Chimie et Procédés
pour l’Énergie, l’Environnement et la Santé
(ICPEES) − UMR 7515 CNRS, École Européenne de
Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe A. Serra
- Groupe
d’Intensification et d’Intégration des Procédés
Polymères (G2IP), Institut de Chimie et Procédés
pour l’Énergie, l’Environnement et la Santé
(ICPEES) − UMR 7515 CNRS, École Européenne de
Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Dhiraj K. Garg
- Laboratoire
des Sciences de l’Ingénieur, de l’Informatique
et de l’Imagerie (ICUBE), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Hoarau
- Laboratoire
des Sciences de l’Ingénieur, de l’Informatique
et de l’Imagerie (ICUBE), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Florence Bally
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - René Muller
- Groupe
d’Intensification et d’Intégration des Procédés
Polymères (G2IP), Institut de Chimie et Procédés
pour l’Énergie, l’Environnement et la Santé
(ICPEES) − UMR 7515 CNRS, École Européenne de
Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Bouquey
- Groupe
d’Intensification et d’Intégration des Procédés
Polymères (G2IP), Institut de Chimie et Procédés
pour l’Énergie, l’Environnement et la Santé
(ICPEES) − UMR 7515 CNRS, École Européenne de
Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), Strasbourg, France
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42
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Wenn B, Conradi M, Carreiras AD, Haddleton DM, Junkers T. Photo-induced copper-mediated polymerization of methyl acrylate in continuous flow reactors. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Copper-mediated radical polymerization of acrylates was carried out in micro- and milliscale UV continuous flow reactors in the absence of conventional photoinitiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Wenn
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Matthias Conradi
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Andre Demetrio Carreiras
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | | | - Tanja Junkers
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
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43
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Feng X, Ren Y, Jiang H. An effective splitting-and-recombination micromixer with self-rotated contact surface for wide Reynolds number range applications. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:54121. [PMID: 24396530 PMCID: PMC3829887 DOI: 10.1063/1.4827598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to mix two liquids on a microfluidic chip because the small dimensions and velocities effectively prevent the turbulence. This paper describes two 2-layer PDMS passive micromixers based on the concept of splitting and recombining the flow that exploits a self-rotated contact surface to increase the concentration gradients to obtain fast and efficient mixing. The designed micromixers were simulated and the mixing performance was assessed. The mixers have shown excellent mixing efficiency over a wide range of Reynolds number. The mixers were reasonably fabricated by multilayer soft lithography, and the experimental measurements were performed to qualify the mixing performance of the realized mixer. The results show that the mixing efficiency for one realized mixer is from 91.8% to 87.7% when the Reynolds number increases from 0.3 to 60, while the corresponding value for another mixer is from 89.4% to 72.9%. It is rather interesting that the main mechanism for the rapid mixing is from diffusion to chaotic advection when the flow rate increases, but the mixing efficiency has not obvious decline. The smart geometry of the mixers with total length of 10.25 mm makes it possible to be integrated with many microfluidic devices for various applications in μ-TAS and Lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsong Feng
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yukun Ren
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China ; School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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44
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Chan N, Cunningham MF, Hutchinson RA. Copper-mediated controlled radical polymerization in continuous flow processes: Synergy between polymer reaction engineering and innovative chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston Ontario Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Michael F. Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston Ontario Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston Ontario Canada K7L 3N6
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45
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Tonhauser C, Natalello A, Löwe H, Frey H. Microflow Technology in Polymer Synthesis. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301671x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Tonhauser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14 Johannes Gutenberg-University (JGU), D-55099 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Adrian Natalello
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14 Johannes Gutenberg-University (JGU), D-55099 Mainz,
Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, D-55128
Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Löwe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14 Johannes Gutenberg-University (JGU), D-55099 Mainz,
Germany
- Institut für Mikrotechnik Mainz GmbH, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18-22, 55129
Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14 Johannes Gutenberg-University (JGU), D-55099 Mainz,
Germany
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46
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Cortese B, Noel T, de Croon MHJM, Schulze S, Klemm E, Hessel V. Modeling of Anionic Polymerization in Flow With Coupled Variations of Concentration, Viscosity, and Diffusivity. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Nagaki A, Yoshida JI. Controlled Polymerization in Flow Microreactor Systems. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2012_179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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