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Hsu SY, Liu CC, Yang CE, Fu LM. Multifunctional microchip-based distillation apparatus I - Steam distillation for formaldehyde detection. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1062:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Giordano GF, Vieira LCS, Gobbi AL, Kubota LT, Lima RS. Gravity-assisted distillation on a chip: Fabrication, characterization, and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1033:128-136. [PMID: 30172318 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Distillation is widely used in industrial processes and laboratories for sample pre-treatment. The conventional apparatus of flash distillation is composed of heating source, distilling flask, condenser, and receiving flask. As disadvantages, this method shows manual and laborious analyses with high consumption of chemicals. In this paper, all these limitations were addressed by developing a fully integrated microscale distiller in agreement with the apparatus of conventional flash distillation. The main challenge facing the distillation miniaturization is the phase separation since surface forces take over from the gravity in microscale channels. Otherwise, our chip had ability to perform gravity-assisted distillations because of the somewhat large dimensions of the distillation chamber (roughly 900 μL) that was obtained by 3D-printing. The functional distillation units were integrated into a single device composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Its fabrication was cost-effective and simple by avoiding the use of cleanroom and bonding step. In addition to user-friendly analysis and low consumption of chemicals, the method requires cost-effective instrumentation, namely, voltage supply and analytical balance. Furthermore, the so called distillation-on-a-chip (DOC) eliminates the use of membranes and electrodes (usually employed in microfluidic desalinations reported in the literature), thus avoiding drawbacks such as liquid leakage, membrane fouling, and electrode passivation. The DOC promoted desalinations at harsh salinity (NaCl 600.0 mmol L-1) with high throughput and salt removal efficiency (roughly 99%). Besides, the method was used for determination of ethanol in alcoholic beverages to show the potential of the approach toward quantitative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Furlan Giordano
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Silveira Vieira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Angelo Luiz Gobbi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Lauro Tatsuo Kubota
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Renato Sousa Lima
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Microfluidic distillation chip for methanol concentration detection. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 912:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lautenschleger A, Kenig EY, Voigt A, Sundmacher K. Model-based analysis of a gas/vapor-liquid microchannel membrane contactor. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lautenschleger
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; University of Paderborn; Pohlweg 55 D-33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Eugeny Y. Kenig
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; University of Paderborn; Pohlweg 55 D-33098 Paderborn Germany
- Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas; Leninsky Prospect 65 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Andreas Voigt
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Process Systems Engineering; Universitätsplatz 2 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems; Sandtorstrasse 1 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - Kai Sundmacher
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Process Systems Engineering; Universitätsplatz 2 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems; Sandtorstrasse 1 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany
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Sheikh MH, Sharif MAR, Rupar PA. Chemical Methods for the Separation of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles From Colloidal Suspension in Dodecane. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4028284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Several chemical methods for the separation of nanoparticles from a colloidal mixture in a phase change material (PCM) have been developed and systematically investigated. The phase changing property of the colloidal mixture is used in energy storage applications and the mixture is labeled as the nanostructure enhanced phase change materials (NEPCM). The objective is to investigate viable methods for the separation and reclamation of the nanoparticles from the NEPCM before its disposal after its useful life. The goal is to find, design, test, and evaluate separation methods which are simple, safe, effective, and economical. The specific NEPCM considered in this study is a colloidal mixture of dodecane (C12H26) and CuO nanoparticles of 1–5% mass fraction and 5–15 nm size distribution. The nanoparticles are coated with a surfactant to maintain colloidal stability. Various methods for separating the nanoparticles from the NEPCM are explored. The identified methods are: (i) chemical destabilization of nanoparticle surfactants to facilitate gravitational precipitation, (ii) silica column chromatography, and (iii) adsorption on silica particle surface. These different methods have been pursued, tested, and analyzed; and the results are presented in this article. These methods are found to be highly efficient, simple, safe, and economical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Sheikh
- Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0280 e-mail:
| | - Muhammad A. R. Sharif
- Mem. ASME Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0280 e-mail:
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336 e-mail:
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Sheikh MH, Sharif MAR. Methods for Separation of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles From Colloidal Suspension in Dodecane. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4027219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Phase change materials (PCM) are used in many energy storage applications. Energy is stored (latent heat of fusion) by melting the PCM and is released during resolidification. Dispersing highly conductive nanoparticles into the PCM enhances the effective thermal conductivity of the PCM, which in turn significantly improves the energy storage capability of the PCM. The resulting colloidal mixture with the nanoparticles in suspension is referred to as nanostructure enhanced phase change materials (NEPCM). A commonly used PCM for energy storage application is the family of paraffin (CnH2n+2). Mixing copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles in the paraffin produces an effective and highly efficient NEPCM for energy storage. However, after long term application cycles, the efficiency of the NEPCM may deteriorate and it may need replacement with fresh supply. Disposal of the used NEPCM containing the nanoparticles is a matter of concern. Used NEPCM containing nanoparticles cannot be discarded directly into the environment because of various short term health hazards for humans and all living beings and unidentified long term environmental and health hazards due to nanoparticles. This problem will be considerable when widespread use of NEPCM will be practiced. It is thus important to develop technologies to separate the nanoparticles before the disposal of the NEPCM. The primary objective of this research work is to develop methods for the separation and reclamation of the nanoparticles from the NEPCM before its disposal. The goal is to find, design, test, and evaluate separation methods which are simple, safe, and economical. The specific NEPCM considered in this study is a colloidal mixture of dodecane (C12H26) and CuO nanoparticles (1–5% mass fraction and 5–15 nm size distribution). The nanoparticles are coated with a surfactant or stabilizing ligands for suspension stability in the mixture for a long period of time. Various methods for separating the nanoparticles from the NEPCM are explored. The identified methods include: (i) distillation under atmospheric and reduced pressure, (ii) mixing with alcohol mixture solvent, and (iii) high speed centrifugation. These different nanoparticle separation methods have been pursued and tested, and the results are analyzed and presented in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Sheikh
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0280 e-mail:
| | - Muhammad A. R. Sharif
- Mem. ASME Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0280 e-mail:
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Constantinou A, Ghiotto F, Lam KF, Gavriilidis A. Stripping of acetone from water with microfabricated and membrane gas–liquid contactors. Analyst 2014; 139:266-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00963g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kenig EY, Su Y, Lautenschleger A, Chasanis P, Grünewald M. Micro-separation of fluid systems: A state-of-the-art review. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sundberg AT, Uusi-Kyyny P, Jakobsson K, Alopaeus V. Control of reflux and reboil flow rates for milli and micro distillation. Chem Eng Res Des 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ju WJ, Fu LM, Yang RJ, Lee CL. Distillation and detection of SO2 using a microfluidic chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:622-6. [PMID: 22159042 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20954j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A miniaturized distillation system is presented for separating sulfurous acid (H(2)SO(3)) into sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) and water (H(2)O). The major components of the proposed system include a microfluidic distillation chip, a power control module, and a carrier gas pressure control module. The microfluidic chip is patterned using a commercial CO(2) laser and comprises a serpentine channel, a heating zone, a buffer zone, a cooling zone, and a collection tank. In the proposed device, the H(2)SO(3) solution is injected into the microfluidic chip and is separated into SO(2) and H(2)O via an appropriate control of the distillation time and temperature. The gaseous SO(2) is then transported into the collection chamber by the carrier gas and is mixed with DI water. Finally, the SO(2) concentration is deduced from the absorbance measurements obtained using a spectrophotometer. The experimental results show that a correlation coefficient of R(2) = 0.9981 and a distillation efficiency as high as 94.6% are obtained for H(2)SO(3) solutions with SO(2) concentrations in the range of 100-500 ppm. The SO(2) concentrations of two commercial red wines are successfully detected using the developed device. Overall, the results presented in this study show that the proposed system provides a compact and reliable tool for SO(2) concentration measurement purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jhong Ju
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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Ziogas A, Cominos V, Kolb G, Kost HJ, Werner B, Hessel V. Development of a Microrectification Apparatus for Analytical and Preparative Applications. Chem Eng Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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