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Fang W, Zhou L, Li Y, Li H, Zhong H, Zha Y. Heat and mass transfer based on the low-temperature thermal treatment of hydrocarbons-impacted soil: A numerical simulation and sandbox validation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133999. [PMID: 38493627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Thermal treatment can be an effective method for soil remediation, and numerical models play a crucial role in elucidating the underlying processes that affect efficacy. In this study, experiments were conducted to examine the low-temperature thermal treatment for removing n-hexane and n-octane from soil. The results showed that the removal of two alkanes followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Additionally, a quantitative relationship between kinetics constant and temperature was established. Based on experimental results, a simple mathematical model was presented via COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0. The processes considered in the model incorporated conductive and convective heat transfer, the vaporization latent heat, and the removal of organic contaminants which was quantified using an advection-dispersion equation combined with a pseudo-first-order kinetic. The developed model was first validated by a thermal treatment in a soil column, demonstrating conformity with the measured temperature and concentration values. Subsequently, the temporal and spatial changes in soil temperature and contaminant levels were evaluated for different heating temperatures. It was found that thermal conduction dominated heat transfer, whereas thermal convection caused by the migration of liquid water intensified when the temperature was higher than the boiling point. The completion time exhibited a correlation with the heating temperature. It was predicted that the time required to achieve a 90% removal efficiency could be shortened from 14 h to 9.5 h by elevating the heating temperature from 80 ℃ to 120 ℃. The study also investigated the impact of the initial water content on heat transfer. It was observed that the saturated soil showed the slowest heating rate and the longest boiling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Haixiao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control & Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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2
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Chaksmithanont P, McEntee G, Hartmanshenn C, Leung C, Khinast JG, Papageorgiou CD, Mitchell C, Quon JL, Glasser BJ. The effect of intermittent mixing on particle heat transfer in an agitated dryer. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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3
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Dai B, Kan A, Li F, Gao J, Yi B, Cao D. A cross-regional thermo-hydro transport model for vacuum pre-cooling. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Aigner I, Zettl M, Schroettner H, van der Wel P, Khinast JG, Krumme M. Industrial-Scale Continuous Vacuum Drying of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Paste: Determination of the Process Window. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Aigner
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Manuel Zettl
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Hartmuth Schroettner
- Austrian Centre for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI-ZFE), Graz 8010, Austria
| | | | | | - Markus Krumme
- Graz University of Technology, Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz 8010, Austria
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5
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Sinha K, Murphy E, Kumar P, Springer KA, Ho R, Nere NK. A Novel Computational Approach Coupled with Machine Learning to Predict the Extent of Agglomeration in Particulate Processes. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:18. [PMID: 34904199 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid particle agglomeration is a prevalent phenomenon in various processes across the chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, agglomeration is both desired in unit operations like wet granulation and undesired in unit operations such as agitated filter drying of highly potent active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Agglomeration needs to be controlled for optimal physical properties of the API powder. Even after decades of work in the field, there is still very limited understanding of how to quantify, predict, and control the extent of agglomeration, owing to the complex interaction between the solvent and the solid particles and stochasticity imparted by mixing. Furthermore, a large size of industrial scale particulate process systems makes it computationally intractable. To overcome these challenges, we present a novel theory and computational methodology to predict the agglomeration extent by coupling the experimental measurements of agglomeration risk zone or "sticky zone" with discrete element method. The proposed model shows good agreement with experiments. Further, a machine learning model was built to predict agglomeration extent as a function of input variables, such as material properties and processing conditions, in order to build a digital twin of the unit operation. While the focus of the present study is the agglomeration of particles during industrial drying processes, the proposed methodology can be readily applied to numerous other particulate processes where agglomeration is either desired or undesired.
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6
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Fang L, Gao Z, Wu S, Jia S, Wang J, Rohani S, Gong J. Ultrasound-assisted solution crystallization of fotagliptin benzoate: Process intensification and crystal product optimization. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105634. [PMID: 34218067 PMCID: PMC8261672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted crystallization process has promising potentials for improving process efficiency and modifying crystalline product properties. In this work, the crystallization process of fotagliptin benzoate methanol solvate (FBMS) was investigated to improve powder properties and downstream desolvation/drying performance. The direct cooling/antisolvent crystallization process was conducted and then optimized with the assistance of ultrasonic irradiation and seeding strategy. Direct cooling/antisolvent crystallization and seeding crystallization processes resulted in needle-like crystals which are undesirable for downstream processing. In contrast, the ultrasound-assisted crystallization process produced rod-like crystals and reduced the crystal size to facilitate the desolvation of FBMS. The metastable zone width (MSZW), induction time, crystal size, morphology, and process yield were studied comprehensively. The results showed that both the seeding and ultrasound-assisted crystallization process (without seeds) can improve the process yield and the ultrasound could effectively reduce the crystal size, narrow the MSZW, and shorten the induction time. Through comparing the drying dynamics of the FBMS, the small rod-shaped crystals with a mean size of 9.6 μm produced by ultrasonic irradiation can be completely desolvated within 20 h, while the desolvation time of long needle crystals with an average size of about 157 μm obtained by direct cooling/antisolvent crystallization and seeding crystallization processes is more than 80 h. Thus the crystal size and morphology were found to be the key factors affecting the desolvation kinetics and the smaller size produced by using ultrasound can benefit the intensification of the drying process. Overall, the ultrasound-assisted crystallization showed a full improvement including crystal properties and process efficiency during the preparation of fotagliptin benzoate desolvated crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Fang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Songgu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shengzhe Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Sohrab Rohani
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Junbo Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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7
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Lamberto DJ, Neuhaus J. Robust Process Scale-Up Leveraging Design of Experiments to Map Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Humid Drying Parameter Space. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Lamberto
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jeffrey Neuhaus
- Technical Operations, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
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Wang Z, Kamyar R, Mehdizadeh H, Pendse PY. Moisture soft sensor for agitated pan dryers using a hybrid modeling approach. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Tamrakar A, Zheng A, Piccione PM, Ramachandran R. Investigating particle-level dynamics to understand bulk behavior in a lab-scale Agitated Filter Dryer (AFD) using Discrete Element Method (DEM). ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Lamberto DJ, Diaz-Santana A, Zhou G. Form Conversion and Solvent Entrapment during API Drying. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Lamberto
- Chemical Engineering R&D, ‡Global Pharmaceutical Commercialization, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Anthony Diaz-Santana
- Chemical Engineering R&D, ‡Global Pharmaceutical Commercialization, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - George Zhou
- Chemical Engineering R&D, ‡Global Pharmaceutical Commercialization, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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11
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Conder EW, Cosbie AS, Gaertner J, Hicks W, Huggins S, MacLeod CS, Remy B, Yang BS, Engstrom JD, Lamberto DJ, Papageorgiou CD. The Pharmaceutical Drying Unit Operation: An Industry Perspective on Advancing the Science and Development Approach for Scale-Up and Technology Transfer. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward W. Conder
- Small Molecule Design & Development, Eli Lilly & Co., Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Andrew S. Cosbie
- Drug
Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - John Gaertner
- Process
Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - William Hicks
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Hulley Road, Macclesfield SK11 2NA, U.K
| | - Seth Huggins
- Drug
Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Claire S. MacLeod
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Hulley Road, Macclesfield SK11 2NA, U.K
| | - Brenda Remy
- Drug Product Science & Technology, Pharmaceutical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Bing-Shiou Yang
- Material
and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06488, United States
| | - Joshua D. Engstrom
- Drug Product Science & Technology, Pharmaceutical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - David J. Lamberto
- Chemical Engineering R&D, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Charles D. Papageorgiou
- Process
Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Tamrakar A, Gunadi A, Piccione PM, Ramachandran R. Dynamic agglomeration profiling during the drying phase in an agitated filter dyer: Parametric investigation and regime map studies. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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14
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Dodda AG, Saranteas K, Henson MA. Using Online Mass Spectrometry to Predict the End Point during Drying of Pharmaceutical Products. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op400272t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya G. Dodda
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Kostas Saranteas
- Process
Chemistry and Engineering, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Malborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Michael A. Henson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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15
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Sahni EK, Bogner RH, Chaudhuri B. Systematic Investigation of Parameters Affecting the Performance of an Agitated Filter-Dryer. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:2198-213. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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17
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Bäbler MU, Kebede ML, Rozada-Sanchez R, Åslund P, Gregertsen B, Rasmuson ÅC. Isolation of Pharmaceutical Intermediates through Solid Supported Evaporation. Semicontinuous Operation Mode. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301359c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus U. Bäbler
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Mebatsion L. Kebede
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | | | - Per Åslund
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Development, SE-15185 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Björn Gregertsen
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Development, SE-15185 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Åke C. Rasmuson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm,
Sweden
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Science, Solid State Pharmaceutical
Cluster, Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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18
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Sahni EK, Chaudhuri B. Contact drying: A review of experimental and mechanistic modeling approaches. Int J Pharm 2012; 434:334-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Seton L, Khamar D, Bradshaw I, Hutcheon G. Processing induced transformations: Phase impurities introduced during hydration/dehydration. Chem Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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