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De Santi A, Monti S, Barcaro G, Zhang Z, Barta K, Deuss PJ. New Mechanistic Insights into the Lignin β-O-4 Linkage Acidolysis with Ethylene Glycol Stabilization Aided by Multilevel Computational Chemistry. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:2388-2399. [PMID: 33585085 PMCID: PMC7874265 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Acidolysis in conjunction with stabilization of reactive intermediates has emerged as one of the most powerful methods of lignin depolymerization that leads to high aromatic monomer yields. In particular, stabilization of reactive aldehydes using ethylene glycol results in the selective formation of the corresponding cyclic acetals (1,3-dioxolane derivatives) from model compounds, lignin, and even from softwood lignocellulose. Given the high practical utility of this method for future biorefineries, a deeper understanding of the method is desired. Here, we aim to elucidate key mechanistic questions utilizing a combination of experimental and multilevel computational approaches. The multiscale computational protocol used, based on ReaxFF molecular dynamics, represents a realistic scenario, where a typical experimental setup can be reproduced confidently given the explicit molecules of the solute, catalyst, and reagent. The nudged elastic band (NEB) approach allowed us to characterize the key intermolecular interactions involved in the reaction paths leading to crucial intermediates and products. The high level of detail obtained clearly revealed for the first time the unique role of sulfuric acid as a proton donor and acceptor in lignin β-O-4 acidolysis as well as the reaction pathways for ethylene glycol stabilization, and the difference in reactivity between compounds with different methoxy substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra De Santi
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical Engineering (ENTEG), University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Susanna Monti
- CNR-ICCOM−
Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barcaro
- CNR-IPCF−Institute
for Chemical and Physical Processes, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering (ENTEG), University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katalin Barta
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Peter J. Deuss
- Department
of Chemical Engineering (ENTEG), University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Wang Y, Tian F, Guo P, Fu D, Heeres HJ, Tang T, Yuan H, Wang B, Li J. Catalytic liquefaction of sewage sludge to small molecular weight chemicals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18929. [PMID: 33144686 PMCID: PMC7609695 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic hydrotreatment of sewage sludge, the wet solid byproducts from wastewater treatment plants, using supported Ir, Pt, Pd, Ru catalysts had been investigated with different solvent conditions. Reactions were carried out in a batch set-up at elevated temperatures (400 °C) using a hydrogen donor (formic acid (FA) in isopropanol (IPA) or hydrogen gas), with sewage sludge obtained from different sampling places. Sewage sludge conversions of up to 83.72% were achieved using Pt/C, whereas the performance for the others catalysts is different and solvent had a strong effect on the conversion rate and product constitution. The sewage sludge oils were characterised using a range of analytical techniques (GC, GC-MS, GCxGC, GPC) and were shown to consist of monomers, mainly alkanes and higher oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehu Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China. .,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Feihong Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Peimei Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dazhen Fu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hero Jan Heeres
- Chemical Engineering Department, ENTEG, University of Groningen, Nijenborg 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Taotao Tang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Huayu Yuan
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Observation and Research Station for Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems, Guiyang, 550025, China
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3
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Kang J, Sim S, Jung H, Han B, Lee YW. Desulfurization of hexyl sulfide and hexanethiol using supercritical water. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Walker TW, Motagamwala AH, Dumesic JA, Huber GW. Fundamental catalytic challenges to design improved biomass conversion technologies. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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5
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Varghese JJ, Mushrif SH. Origins of complex solvent effects on chemical reactivity and computational tools to investigate them: a review. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00226f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Origins of solvent-induced enhancement in catalytic reactivity and product selectivity are discussed with computational methods to study them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jithin John Varghese
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore (CARES) Ltd
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE)
- Singapore
| | - Samir H. Mushrif
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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6
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Arora JS, Ansari KB, Chew JW, Dauenhauer PJ, Mushrif SH. Unravelling the catalytic influence of naturally occurring salts on biomass pyrolysis chemistry using glucose as a model compound: a combined experimental and DFT study. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkali and alkaline-earth metal loaded biomass pyrolysis highlights that different metal ions have different effects on bio-oil composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna S. Arora
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Khursheed B. Ansari
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Jia Wei Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Samir H. Mushrif
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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7
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Grote F, Ermilova I, Lyubartsev AP. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Furfural and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural at Ambient and Hydrothermal Conditions. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8416-8428. [PMID: 30107118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present results from molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous solutions of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which are important intermediates in the hydrothermal carbonization processes of biomass conversion. The computations were performed both at ambient and hydrothermal conditions using a two-level factorial design varying concentration, temperature, and pressure. A number of equilibrium and dynamic properties have been computed including enthalpies and free energies of vaporization, free energies of solvation, diffusion coefficients, and rotational/reorientational correlation times. Structural properties of solutions were analyzed using radial and spatial distribution functions. It was shown that the formation of hydrogen bonds among 5-hydroxymethylfurfural molecules is preferred compared to hydrogen bonding between 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and water. In addition, our results suggest that the oxygen atoms in the furan rings of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural do not participate in hydrogen bonding to the same extent as the oxygen atoms in the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. It is also observed that furfural molecules aggregate under certain conditions, and we show how this is affected by changes in temperature, pressure, and concentration in agreement with experimental solubility data. The analysis of the computational results provides useful insight into the structure and dynamics of the considered molecules at conditions of hydrothermal carbonization, as well as at ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Grote
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Inna Ermilova
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Alexander P Lyubartsev
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
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8
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Arora JS, Chew JW, Mushrif SH. Influence of Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Metals on the Cleavage of Glycosidic Bond in Biomass Pyrolysis: A DFT Study Using Cellobiose as a Model Compound. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7646-7658. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna S. Arora
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459
| | - Jia Wei Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459
| | - Samir H. Mushrif
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G1H9, Canada
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9
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Abstract
Chemical reactor modelling based on insights and data on a molecular level has become reality over the last few years. Multiscale models describing elementary reaction steps and full microkinetic schemes, pore structures, multicomponent adsorption and diffusion inside pores, and entire reactors have been presented. Quantum mechanical (QM) approaches, molecular simulations (Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics), and continuum equations have been employed for this purpose. Some recent developments in these approaches are presented, in particular time-dependent QM methods, calculation of van der Waals forces, new approaches for force field generation, automatic setup of reaction schemes, and pore modelling. Multiscale simulations are discussed. Applications of these approaches to heterogeneous catalysis are demonstrated for examples that have found growing interest over the last few years, such as metal-support interactions, influence of pore geometry on reactions, noncovalent bonding, reaction dynamics, dynamic changes in catalyst nanoparticle structure, electrocatalysis, solvent effects in catalysis, and multiscale modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frerich J. Keil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Guan Y, Li Y, Zhao L, Song Y, Ma H, Song J. Hydrogen transfer between dimethyl ether and the methoxy radical: Understanding and kinetic modeling with anharmonic torsions. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Bhutto AW, Qureshi K, Abro R, Harijan K, Zhao Z, Bazmi AA, Abbas T, Yu G. Progress in the production of biomass-to-liquid biofuels to decarbonize the transport sector – prospects and challenges. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26459f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Annually the transport sector consumes a quarter of global primary energy and is responsible for related greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed Bhutto
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
- Jamshoro 76062
- Pakistan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Khadija Qureshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
- Jamshoro 76062
- Pakistan
| | - Rashid Abro
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Technology & College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- PR China
| | - Khanji Harijan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
- Jamshoro 76062
- Pakistan
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Technology & College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- PR China
| | - Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi
- Process and Energy Systems Engineering Center-PRESTIGE
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Abbas
- Process and Energy Systems Engineering Center-PRESTIGE
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Guangren Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Technology & College of Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- PR China
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12
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Trinh QT, Nguyen AV, Huynh DC, Pham TH, Mushrif SH. Mechanistic insights into the catalytic elimination of tar and the promotional effect of boron on it: first-principles study using toluene as a model compound. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00358c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of a monolayer subsurface B into the Ni catalyst results in a corrugated Ni top surface and the activation of toluene is significantly promoted on B–Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Thang Trinh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- 637459 Singapore
| | - Anh Vu Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
| | - Dang Chinh Huynh
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
| | - Thanh Huyen Pham
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
| | - Samir H. Mushrif
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- 637459 Singapore
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13
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Vasudevan V, Mushrif SH. Insights into the solvation of glucose in water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and its possible implications on the conversion of glucose to platform chemicals. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15123b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of co-solvents, like DMSO, DMF and THF, significantly alters (i) the interaction of glucose with water, (ii) the mobility of glucose and (iii) its bonding with the solvent environment. This may have implications on glucose conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vallabh Vasudevan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
| | - Samir H. Mushrif
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
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14
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Mushrif SH, Varghese JJ, Krishnamurthy CB. Solvation dynamics and energetics of intramolecular hydride transfer reactions in biomass conversion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:4961-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05063k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvent dynamics and non-equilibrium solvation alter the energetics of the hydride transfer step and thus, can significantly affect reaction kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir H. Mushrif
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
| | - Jithin J. Varghese
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
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