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Jiang H, Wang Y, Du F, Stolte S, Specht U, Pesch GR, Baune M. A universal AC electrokinetics-based strategy toward surface antifouling of underwater optics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16125. [PMID: 38997310 PMCID: PMC11245552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The practical applications of underwater optical devices, such as cameras or sensors, often suffer from widespread surface biofouling. Current antifouling techniques are primarily hindered by low efficiency, poor compatibility, as well as environmental pollution issues. This paper presents a transparent electrode coating as antifouling system of underwater optics as potential substitute for alternating current electrokinetic (ACEK)-based systems. A strong-coupling model is established to predict the Joule heating induced fluid flows and the negative dielectrophoretic (nDEP) effect for mobilizing organisms or deposited sediments on optic surfaces. The performance of the proposed antifouling system is numerically evaluated through simulations of electrostatic, fluid and temperature fields as well as trajectories of submicron particles, which is then experimentally verified and found to be in good agreement. A parametric study revealed that the degree of electrodes asymmetry is the key factor affecting the flow pattern and therefore the overall performance of the system. This ACEK-based universal strategy is expected to shed light on designing high performance and non-toxic platforms toward energy-efficient surface antifouling applications of underwater optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Du
- Institute of Water Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Stolte
- Institute of Water Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Specht
- The Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Georg R Pesch
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael Baune
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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2
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Giesler J, Weirauch L, Thöming J, Baune M, Pesch GR. High-throughput dielectrophoretic separator based on printed circuit boards. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:72-81. [PMID: 35968886 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The separation of particles with respect to their intrinsic properties is an ongoing task in various fields such as biotechnology and recycling of electronic waste. Especially for small particles in the lower micrometer or nanometer range, separation techniques are a field of current research since many existing approaches lack either throughput or selectivity. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a technique that can address multiple particle properties, making it a potential candidate to solve challenging separation tasks. Currently, DEP is mostly used in microfluidic separators and thus limited in throughput. Additionally, DEP setups often require expensive components, such as electrode arrays fabricated in the clean room. Here, we present and characterize a separator based on two inexpensive custom-designed printed circuit boards (80 × 120 mm board size). The boards consist of interdigitated electrode arrays with 250 μ $250\ \umu$ m electrode width and spacing. We demonstrate the separation capabilities using polystyrene particles ranging from 500 nm to 6 μ $6\ \umu$ m in monodisperse experiments. Further, we demonstrate selective trapping at flow rates up to 240 ml/h in the presented device for a binary mixture. Our experiments demonstrate an affordable way to increase throughput in electrode-based DEP separators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Giesler
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Laura Weirauch
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Georg R Pesch
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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3
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Nasir NSA, Deivasigamani R, Wee MFMR, Hamzah AA, Zaid MHM, Rahim MKA, Kayani AA, Abdulhameed A, Buyong MR. Protein Albumin Manipulation and Electrical Quantification of Molecular Dielectrophoresis Responses for Biomedical Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081308. [PMID: 36014230 PMCID: PMC9415755 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Research relating to dielectrophoresis (DEP) has been progressing rapidly through time as it is a strong and controllable technique for manipulation, separation, preconcentration, and partitioning of protein. Extensive studies have been carried out on protein DEP, especially on Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). However, these studies involve the usage of dye and fluorescent probes to observe DEP responses as the physical properties of protein albumin molecular structure are translucent. The use of dye and the fluorescent probe could later affect the protein's physiology. In this article, we review three methods of electrical quantification of DEP responses: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and capacitance measurement for protein BSA DEP manipulation. The correlation of these methods with DEP responses is further discussed. Based on the observations on capacitance measurement, it can be deduced that the electrical quantifying method is reliable for identifying DEP responses. Further, the possibility of manipulating the protein and electrically quantifying DEP responses while retaining the original physiology of the protein and without the usage of dye or fluorescent probe is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir
- Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Revathy Deivasigamani
- Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. F. Mohd Razip Wee
- Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azrul Azlan Hamzah
- Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazani Mat Zaid
- Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Aminuddin Ahmad Kayani
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Abdullah Abdulhameed
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Petroleum, Hadhramout University, Al-Mukalla 50512, Hadhramout, Yemen
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-12-385-2713
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Li Y, Wang Y, Pesch GR, Baune M, Du F, Liu X. Rational Design and Numerical Analysis of a Hybrid Floating cIDE Separator for Continuous Dielectrophoretic Separation of Microparticles at High Throughput. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040582. [PMID: 35457887 PMCID: PMC9026825 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) enables continuous and label-free separation of (bio)microparticles with high sensitivity and selectivity, whereas the low throughput issue greatly confines its clinical application. Herein, we report a novel design of the DEP separator embedded with cylindrical interdigitated electrodes that incorporate hybrid floating electrode layout for (bio)microparticle separation at favorable throughput. To better predict microparticle trajectory in the scaled-up DEP platform, a theoretical model based on coupling of electrostatic, fluid and temperature fields is established, in which the effects of Joule heating-induced electrothermal and buoyancy flows on particles are considered. Size-based fractionation of polystyrene microspheres and dielectric properties-based isolation of MDA-MB-231 from blood cells are numerically realized, respectively, by the proposed separator with sample throughputs up to 2.6 mL/min. Notably, the induced flows can promote DEP discrimination of heterogeneous cells. This work provides a reference on tailoring design of enlarged DEP platforms for highly efficient separation of (bio)samples at high throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Georg R. Pesch
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (G.R.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Michael Baune
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (G.R.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Fei Du
- Institute of Water Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (X.L.)
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Abdulhameed A, Mohtar MN, Hamidon MN, Halin IA. Assembly of long carbon nanotube bridges across transparent electrodes using novel thickness-controlled dielectrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:487-494. [PMID: 34679198 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) across planner electrodes using dielectrophoresis (DEP) is one of the standard methods used to fabricate CNT-based devices such as sensors. The medium drag velocity caused by electrokinetic phenomena such as electrothermal and electroosmotic might drive CNTs away from the deposition area. This problem becomes critical at large-scale electrode structures due to the high attenuation of the DEP force. Herein, we simulated and experimentally validated a novel DEP setup that uses a top glass cover to minimize the medium drag velocity. The simulation results showed that the drag velocity can be reduced by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared with the basic DEP setup. The simulation also showed that the optimum channel height to result in a significant drag velocity reduction was between 100 μm and 240 μm. We experimentally report, for the first time, the assembly and alignment of CNT bridges across indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes with spacing up to 125 μm. We also derived an equation to optimize the CNT's concentration in suspensions based on the electrode gap width and channel height. The deposition of long CNTs across ITO electrodes has potential use in transparent electronics and microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Abdulhameed
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen
| | - Mohd Nazim Mohtar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nizar Hamidon
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Izhal Abdul Halin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Li Y, Wang Y, Wan K, Wu M, Guo L, Liu X, Wei G. On the design, functions, and biomedical applications of high-throughput dielectrophoretic micro-/nanoplatforms: a review. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4330-4358. [PMID: 33620368 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08892g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As an efficient, rapid and label-free micro-/nanoparticle separation technique, dielectrophoresis (DEP) has attracted widespread attention in recent years, especially in the field of biomedicine, which exhibits huge potential in biomedically relevant applications such as disease diagnosis, cancer cell screening, biosensing, and others. DEP technology has been greatly developed recently from the low-flux laboratory level to high-throughput practical applications. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of DEP technology in biomedical applications, including firstly the design of various types and materials of DEP electrode and flow channel, design of input signals, and other improved designs. Then, functional tailoring of DEP systems with endowed specific functions including separation, purification, capture, enrichment and connection of biosamples, as well as the integration of multifunctions, are demonstrated. After that, representative DEP biomedical application examples in aspects of disease detection, drug synthesis and screening, biosensing and cell positioning are presented. Finally, limitations of existing DEP platforms on biomedical application are discussed, in which emphasis is given to the impact of other electrodynamic effects such as electrophoresis (EP), electroosmosis (EO) and electrothermal (ET) effects on DEP efficiency. This article aims to provide new ideas for the design of novel DEP micro-/nanoplatforms with desirable high throughput toward application in the biomedical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Keming Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Mingxue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Lei Guo
- Research Center for High-Value Utilization of Waste Biomass, College of Life Science, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Gang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, PR China.
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Localized Dielectric Loss Heating in Dielectrophoresis Devices. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18977. [PMID: 31831755 PMCID: PMC6908616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature increases during dielectrophoresis (DEP) can affect the response of biological entities, and ignoring the effect can result in misleading analysis. The heating mechanism of a DEP device is typically considered to be the result of Joule heating and is overlooked without an appropriate analysis. Our experiment and analysis indicate that the heating mechanism is due to the dielectric loss (Debye relaxation). A temperature increase between interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) has been measured with an integrated micro temperature sensor between IDEs to be as high as 70 °C at 1.5 MHz with a 30 Vpp applied voltage to our ultra-low thermal mass DEP device. Analytical and numerical analysis of the power dissipation due to the dielectric loss are in good agreement with the experiment data.
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Sun H, Ren Y, Hou L, Tao Y, Liu W, Jiang T, Jiang H. Continuous Particle Trapping, Switching, and Sorting Utilizing a Combination of Dielectrophoresis and Alternating Current Electrothermal Flow. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5729-5738. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Hawari AH, Larbi B, Alkhatib A, Du F, Baune M, Thöming J. Insulator-based dielectrophoresis for fouling suppression in submerged membranes bioreactors: Impact of insulators shape and dimensions. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Du F, Hawari AH, Larbi B, Ltaief A, Pesch GR, Baune M, Thöming J. Fouling suppression in submerged membrane bioreactors by obstacle dielectrophoresis. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Wang Y, Du F, Pesch GR, Köser J, Baune M, Thöming J. Microparticle trajectories in a high-throughput channel for contact-free fractionation by dielectrophoresis. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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