Operando UV–Vis spectroscopy as potential in-line PAT system for size determination of functioning metal nanocatalysts

Image processing-based online analysis and feedback control system for droplet dripping process

Droplets find wide application across diverse industries, where maintaining their quality is paramount. Precise control over the substance content within droplets demands non-destructive and online analysis techniques, such as Process Analytical Technology (PAT), often integrated with control strategies. In this context, the present study focuses on the example of controlling droplet quality during the dripping process of pills. Leveraging the dripping and image acquisition systems established in previous research, a novel feedback control system centered on image processing was devised for the quality control of dripping pills. The system was developed and its efficacy was assessed, yielding satisfactory outcomes. The proposed system facilitates real-time monitoring of pill weight through the analysis of droplet images during the dripping process, thereby offering real-time feedback control of pill weight. Importantly, this system holds potential for broader applications beyond the scope of this study.

Copper(i) oxide nanoparticle-mediated C–C couplings for synthesis of polyphenylenediethynylenes: evidence for a homogeneous catalytic pathway

Polyphenylenediethynylenes have been synthesized using copper(i) oxide nanocatalysts under ligandless conditions, mild base, and atmospheric air as the oxidant in good yield and number average molecular weight.