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Park S, Park C, Ka Y, Cho K. Tubulysin Production by the Dead Cells of Archangium gephyra KYC5002. J Microbiol 2024; 62:463-471. [PMID: 38872008 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Archangium gephyra KYC5002 produces tubulysins during the death phase. In this study, we aimed to determine whether dead cells produce tubulysins. Cells were cultured for three days until the verge of the death phase, disrupted via ultrasonication, incubated for 2 h, and examined for tubulysin production. Non-disrupted cells produced 0.14 mg/L of tubulysin A and 0.11 mg/L of tubulysin B. Notably, tubulysin A production was increased by 4.4-fold to 0.62 mg/L and that of tubulysin B was increased by 6.7-fold to 0.74 mg/L in the disrupted cells. The same increase in tubulysin production was observed when the cells were killed by adding hydrogen peroxide. However, when the enzymes were inactivated via heat treatment of the cultures at 65 °C for 30 min, no significant increase in tubulysin production due to cell death was observed. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of tubB mRNA revealed that the expression levels of tubulysin biosynthetic enzyme genes increased during the death phase compared to those during the vegetative growth phase. Our findings suggest that A. gephyra produces biosynthetic enzymes and subsequently uses them for tubulysin production in the cell death phase or during cell lysis by predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohui Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaehyeon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Ka
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungyun Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Owens SL, Ahmed SR, Lang Harman RM, Stewart LE, Mori S. Natural Products That Contain Higher Homologated Amino Acids. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300822. [PMID: 38487927 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on discussing natural products (NPs) that contain higher homologated amino acids (homoAAs) in the structure as well as the proposed and characterized biosynthesis of these non-proteinogenic amino acids. Homologation of amino acids includes the insertion of a methylene group into its side chain. It is not a very common modification found in NP biosynthesis as approximately 450 homoAA-containing NPs have been isolated from four bacterial phyla (Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetota, Myxococcota, and Pseudomonadota), two fungal phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), and one animal phylum (Porifera), except for a few examples. Amino acids that are found to be homologated and incorporated in the NP structures include the following ten amino acids: alanine, arginine, cysteine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, and tyrosine, where isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine share the comparable enzymatic pathway. Other amino acids have their individual homologation pathway (arginine, proline, and glutamic acid for bacteria), likely utilize the primary metabolic pathway (alanine and glutamic acid for fungi), or have not been reported (cysteine and serine). Despite its possible high potential in the drug discovery field, the biosynthesis of homologated amino acids has a large room to explore for future combinatorial biosynthesis and metabolic engineering purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skyler L Owens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Shopno R Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Rebecca M Lang Harman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Laura E Stewart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Shogo Mori
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
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3
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Saggu SK, Nath A, Kumar S. Myxobacteria: biology and bioactive secondary metabolites. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104079. [PMID: 37169232 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Myxobacteria are Gram-negative eubacteria and they thrive in a variety of habitats including soil rich in organic matter, rotting wood, animal dung and marine environment. Myxobacteria are a promising source of new compounds associated with diverse bioactive spectrum and unique mode of action. The genome information of myxobacteria has revealed many orphan biosynthetic pathways indicating that these bacteria can be the source of several novel natural products. In this review, we highlight the biology of myxobacteria with emphasis on their habitat, life cycle, isolation methods and enlist all the bioactive secondary metabolites purified till date and their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur Saggu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, India - 144004.
| | - Amar Nath
- University Centre of Excellence in Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab India 151203.
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab India 151203.
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4
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Yu U, Kim J, Park S, Cho K. Tubulysins are Essential for the Preying of Ciliates by Myxobacteria. J Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s12275-023-00056-2. [PMID: 37314675 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00056-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tubulysins are bioactive secondary metabolites produced by myxobacteria that promote microtubule disassembly. Microtubules are required for protozoa such as Tetrahymena to form cilia and flagella. To study the role of tubulysins in myxobacteria, we co-cultured myxobacteria and Tetrahymena. When 4000 Tetrahymena thermophila and 5.0 × 108 myxobacteria were added to 1 ml of CYSE medium and co-cultured for 48 h, the population of T. thermophila increased to more than 75,000. However, co-culturing tubulysin-producing myxobacteria, including Archangium gephyra KYC5002, with T. thermophila caused the population of T. thermophila to decrease from 4000 to less than 83 within 48 h. Almost no dead bodies of T. thermophila were observed in the culture medium. Co-culturing of T. thermophila and the A. gephyra KYC5002 strain with inactivation of the tubulysin biosynthesis gene led to the population of T. thermophila increasing to 46,667. These results show that in nature, most myxobacteria are preyed upon by T. thermophila, but some myxobacteria prey on and kill T. thermophila using tubulysins. Adding purified tubulysin A to T. thermophila changed the cell shape from ovoid to spherical and caused cell surface cilia to disappear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uisang Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiha Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seohui Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungyun Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Zeng H, Birkelbach J, Hoffmann J, Popoff A, Volz C, Müller R. Expanding the Ajudazol Cytotoxin Scaffold: Insights from Genome Mining, Biosynthetic Investigations, and Novel Derivatives. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2610-2619. [PMID: 36331369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Myxobacteria have proven to be a rich source of natural products, but their biosynthetic potential seems to be underexplored given the high number of biosynthetic gene clusters present in their genomes. In this study, a truncated ajudazol biosynthetic gene cluster in Cystobacter sp. SBCb004 was identified using mutagenesis and metabolomics analyses and a set of novel ajudazols (named ajudazols C-J, 3-10, respectively) were detected and subsequently isolated. Their structures were elucidated using comprehensive HR-MS and NMR spectroscopy. Unlike the known ajudazols A (1) and B (2), which utilize acetyl-CoA as the biosynthetic starter unit, these novel ajudazols were proposed to incorporate 3,3-dimethylacrylyl CoA as the starter. Ajudazols C-J (3-10, respectively) are characterized by varying degrees of hydroxylation, desaturation, and different glycosylation patterns. Two P450-dependent enzymes and one glycosyltransferase are shown to be responsible for the hydroxylation at C-8, the desaturation at C-15 and C-33, and the transfer of a d-β-glucopyranose, respectively, based on mutagenesis results. One of the cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes and the glycosyltransferase were found to be encoded by genes located outside the biosynthetic gene cluster. Ajudazols C-H (3-8, respectively) exhibit cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zeng
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Joy Birkelbach
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Judith Hoffmann
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Alexander Popoff
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Carsten Volz
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
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6
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M VNUM, Faidh MA, Chadha A. The ornithine cyclodeaminase/µ-crystallin superfamily of proteins: A novel family of oxidoreductases for the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral amines. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Genome-Guided Discovery of the First Myxobacterial Biarylitide Myxarylin Reveals Distinct C-N Biaryl Crosslinking in RiPP Biosynthesis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247483. [PMID: 34946566 PMCID: PMC8708641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a structurally diverse group of natural products. They feature a wide range of intriguing post-translational modifications, as exemplified by the biarylitides. These are a family of cyclic tripeptides found in Planomonospora, carrying a biaryl linkage between two aromatic amino acids. Recent genomic analyses revealed that the minimal biosynthetic prerequisite of biarylitide biosynthesis consists of only one ribosomally synthesized pentapeptide precursor as the substrate and a modifying cytochrome-P450-dependent enzyme. In silico analyses revealed that minimal biarylitide RiPP clusters are widespread among natural product producers across phylogenetic borders, including myxobacteria. We report here the genome-guided discovery of the first myxobacterial biarylitide MeYLH, termed Myxarylin, from Pyxidicoccus fallax An d48. Myxarylin was found to be an N-methylated tripeptide that surprisingly exhibits a C–N biaryl crosslink. In contrast to Myxarylin, previously isolated biarylitides are N-acetylated tripeptides that feature a C–C biaryl crosslink. Furthermore, the formation of Myxarylin was confirmed by the heterologous expression of the identified biosynthetic genes in Myxococcus xanthus DK1622. These findings expand the structural and biosynthetic scope of biarylitide-type RiPPs and emphasize the distinct biochemistry found in the myxobacterial realm.
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Tost M, Andler O, Kazmaier U. A Matteson Homologation‐Based Synthesis of Doliculide and Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Tost
- Organic Chemistry Saarland University P.O. Box 151150 66041 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Oliver Andler
- Organic Chemistry Saarland University P.O. Box 151150 66041 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organic Chemistry Saarland University P.O. Box 151150 66041 Saarbrücken Germany
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9
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Wei B, Du AQ, Zhou ZY, Lai C, Yu WC, Yu JB, Yu YL, Chen JW, Zhang HW, Xu XW, Wang H. An atlas of bacterial secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:6981-6992. [PMID: 34490968 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial secondary metabolites are rich sources of novel drug leads. The diversity of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in genome-sequenced bacteria, which will provide crucial information for the efficient discovery of novel natural products, has not been systematically investigated. Here, the distribution and genetic diversity of BGCs in 10 121 prokaryotic genomes (across 68 phyla) were obtained from their PRISM4 outputs using a custom python script. A total of 18 043 BGCs are detected from 5743 genomes with non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (25.4%) and polyketides (15.9%) as the dominant classes of BGCs. Bacterial strains harbouring the largest number of BGCs are revealed and BGC count in strains of some genera vary greatly, suggesting the necessity of individually evaluating the secondary metabolism potential. Additional analysis against 102 strains of discovered bacterial genera with abundant amounts of BGCs confirms that Kutzneria, Kibdelosporangium, Moorea, Saccharothrix, Cystobacter, Archangium, Actinosynnema, Kitasatospora, and Nocardia, may also be important sources of natural products and worthy of priority investigation. Comparative analysis of BGCs within these genera indicates the great diversity and novelty of the BGCs. This study presents an atlas of bacterial secondary metabolite BGCs that provides a lot of key information for the targeted discovery of novel natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ao-Qi Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhen-Yi Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Cong Lai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wen-Chao Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jin-Biao Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yan-Lei Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jian-Wei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Hua-Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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10
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Shrivastava A, Sharma RK. Myxobacteria and their products: current trends and future perspectives in industrial applications. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2021; 66:483-507. [PMID: 34060028 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00875-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myxobacteria belong to a group of bacteria that are known for their well-developed communication system and synchronized or coordinated movement. This typical behavior of myxobacteria is mediated through secondary metabolites. They are capable of producing secondary metabolites belonging to several chemical classes with unique and wide spectrum of bioactivities. It is predominantly significant that myxobacteria specialize in mechanisms of action that are very rare with other producers. Most of the metabolites have been explored for their medical and pharmaceutical values while a lot of them are still unexplored. This review is an attempt to understand the role of potential metabolites produced by myxobacteria in different applications. Different myxobacterial metabolites have demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties along with cytotoxic activity against various cell lines. Beside their metabolites, these myxobacteria have also been discussed for better exploitation and implementation in different industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Shrivastava
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, Jaipur, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, Jaipur, India.
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11
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Nicolaou KC, Pan S, Pulukuri KK, Ye Q, Rigol S, Erande RD, Vourloumis D, Nocek BP, Munneke S, Lyssikatos J, Valdiosera A, Gu C, Lin B, Sarvaiaya H, Trinidad J, Sandoval J, Lee C, Hammond M, Aujay M, Taylor N, Pysz M, Purcell JW, Gavrilyuk J. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Tubulysin Analogues, Linker-Drugs, and Antibody-Drug Conjugates, Insights into Structure-Activity Relationships, and Tubulysin-Tubulin Binding Derived from X-ray Crystallographic Analysis. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3377-3421. [PMID: 33544599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Molecular design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tubulysin analogues, linker-drugs, and antibody-drug conjugates are described. Among the new discoveries reported is the identification of new potent analogues within the tubulysin family that carry a C11 alkyl ether substituent, rather than the usual ester structural motif at that position, a fact that endows the former with higher plasma stability than that of the latter. Also described herein are X-ray crystallographic analysis studies of two tubulin-tubulysin complexes formed within the α/β interface between two tubulin heterodimers and two highly potent tubulysin analogues, one of which exhibited a different binding mode to the one previously reported for tubulysin M. The X-ray crystallographic analysis-derived new insights into the binding modes of these tubulysin analogues explain their potencies and provide inspiration for further design, synthesis, and biological investigations within this class of antitumor agents. A number of these analogues were conjugated as payloads with appropriate linkers at different sites allowing their attachment onto targeting antibodies for cancer therapies. A number of such antibody-drug conjugates were constructed and tested, both in vivo and in vitro, leading to the identification of at least one promising ADC (Herceptin-LD3), warranting further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Saiyong Pan
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kiran K Pulukuri
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Qiuji Ye
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stephan Rigol
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Rohan D Erande
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products & Designed Molecules, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Agia Paraskevi 153 10, Greece
| | - Bogusław P Nocek
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Stefan Munneke
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph Lyssikatos
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Amanda Valdiosera
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christine Gu
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Baiwei Lin
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hetal Sarvaiaya
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jose Trinidad
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph Sandoval
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christina Lee
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mikhail Hammond
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Monette Aujay
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Nicole Taylor
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Marybeth Pysz
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James W Purcell
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julia Gavrilyuk
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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12
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Kappler S, Siebert A, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of New Cyclopeptide Analogues of the Miuraenamides. Curr Org Synth 2021; 18:418-424. [PMID: 33441075 DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210113161550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Miuraenamides belong to natural marine compounds with interesting biological properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Miuraenamides initiate polymerization of monomeric actin and therefore show high cytotoxicity by influencing the cytoskeleton. New derivatives of the miuraenamides have been synthesized containing an N-methylated amide bond instead of the more easily hydrolysable ester in the natural products. RESULTS Incorporation of an aromatic side chain onto the C-terminal amino acid of the tripeptide fragment also led to highly active new miuraenamides. CONCLUSION In this study, we showed that the ester bond of the natural product miuraenamide can be replaced by an N-methyl amide. The yields in the cyclization step were high and generally much better than with the corresponding esters. On the other hand, the biological activity of the new amide analogs was lower compared to the natural products, but the activity could significantly be increased by incorporation of a p-nitrophenyl group at the C-terminus of the peptide fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kappler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Siebert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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13
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Courter JR, Hamilton JZ, Hendrick NR, Zaval M, Waight AB, Lyon RP, Senter PD, Jeffrey SC, Burke PJ. Structure-activity relationships of tubulysin analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127241. [PMID: 32527543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The tubulysins are an emerging antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) payload that maintain potent anti-proliferative activity against cells that exhibit the multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotype. These drugs possess a C-11 acetate known to be hydrolytically unstable in plasma, and loss of the acetate significantly attenuates cytotoxicity. Structure-activity relationship studies were undertaken to identify stable C-11 tubulysin analogues that maintain affinity for tubulin and potent cytotoxicity. After identifying several C-11 alkoxy analogues that possess comparable biological activity to tubulysin M with significantly improved plasma stability, additional analogues of both the Ile residue and N-terminal position were synthesized. These studies revealed that minor changes within the tubulin binding site of tubulysin can profoundly alter the activity of this chemotype, particularly against MDR-positive cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel R Courter
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA.
| | - Joseph Z Hamilton
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | | | - Margo Zaval
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Andrew B Waight
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Robert P Lyon
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Peter D Senter
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Scott C Jeffrey
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Patrick J Burke
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30(th) Drive SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA.
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14
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Bader CD, Panter F, Müller R. In depth natural product discovery - Myxobacterial strains that provided multiple secondary metabolites. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 39:107480. [PMID: 31707075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In recognition of many microorganisms ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites in parallel, Zeeck and coworkers introduced the term "OSMAC" (one strain many compounds) around the turn of the century. Since then, additional efforts focused on the systematic characterization of a single bacterial species ability to form multiple secondary metabolite scaffolds. With the beginning of the genomic era mainly initiated by a dramatic reduction of sequencing costs, investigations of the genome encoded biosynthetic potential and especially the exploitation of biosynthetic gene clusters of undefined function gained attention. This was seen as a novel means to extend range and diversity of bacterial secondary metabolites. Genome analyses showed that even for well-studied bacterial strains, like the myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus DK1622, many biosynthetic gene clusters are not yet assigned to their corresponding hypothetical secondary metabolites. In contrast to the results from emerging genome and metabolome mining techniques that show the large untapped biosynthetic potential per strain, many newly isolated bacterial species are still used for the isolation of only one target compound class and successively abandoned in the sense that no follow up studies are published from the same species. This work provides an overview about myxobacterial bacterial strains, from which not just one but multiple different secondary metabolite classes were successfully isolated. The underlying methods used for strain prioritization and natural product discovery such as biological characterization of crude extracts against a panel of pathogens, in-silico prediction of secondary metabolite abundance from genome data and state of the art instrumental analytics required for new natural product scaffold discovery in comparative settings are summarized and classified according to their output. Furthermore, for each approach selected studies performed with actinobacteria are shown to underline especially innovative methods used for natural product discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal D Bader
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabian Panter
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.
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15
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Pogorevc D, Tang Y, Hoffmann M, Zipf G, Bernauer HS, Popoff A, Steinmetz H, Wenzel SC. Biosynthesis and Heterologous Production of Argyrins. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:1121-1133. [PMID: 30995838 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Argyrins represent a family of cyclic octapeptides exhibiting promising antimicrobial, antitumorigenic and immunosuppressant activities. They derive from a nonribosomal peptide synthetase pathway, which was identified and characterized in this study from the myxobacterial producer strain Cystobacter sp. SBCb004. Using the native biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) sequence as template synthetic BGC versions were designed and assembled from gene synthesis fragments. A heterologous expression system was established after chromosomal deletion of a well-expressed lipopeptide pathway from the host strain Myxococcus xanthus DK1622. Different approaches were applied to engineer and improve heterologous argyrin production, which was finally increased to 160 mg/L, around 20-fold higher yields compared to the native producer. Heterologous production platform also led to identification of several novel argyrin derivatives (A2, F3, G3, I, J, K, and L). The optimized production system provides a versatile platform for future supply of argyrins and novel derivatives thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domen Pogorevc
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)/Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)/Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)/Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Gregor Zipf
- ATG:Biosynthetics GmbH, 79249 Merzhausen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Popoff
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)/Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Heinrich Steinmetz
- Microbial Strain Collection, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Silke C. Wenzel
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)/Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
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16
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Gandi VR, Doan BND, Kasinathan S, Bates RW. Stereocontrol in the synthesis of cyclic amino acids: a new ligand for directed hydrogenation through hydrogen bonding. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2753-2758. [PMID: 30785174 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00003h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A system for the directed hydrogenation of nitrogen heterocycles is described in which hydrogen is delivered cis to a hydroxymethyl group by a rhodium catalyst with a simple phosphine ligand. The chemistry is applied to the synthesis of the hygric acid moiety of lincomycin and the pipecolic acid moiety of Argatroban. A series of control experiments indicate that the stereoselectivity is a result of a combination of both coordination and hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudeva Rao Gandi
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371.
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17
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Panter F, Krug D, Baumann S, Müller R. Self-resistance guided genome mining uncovers new topoisomerase inhibitors from myxobacteria. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4898-4908. [PMID: 29910943 PMCID: PMC5982219 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01325j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is astounding discrepancy between the genome-inscribed production capacity and the set of known secondary metabolite classes from many microorganisms as detected under laboratory cultivation conditions. Genome-mining techniques are meant to fill this gap, but in order to favor discovery of structurally novel as well as bioactive compounds it is crucial to amend genomics-based strategies with selective filtering principles. In this study, we followed a self-resistance guided approach aiming at the discovery of inhibitors of topoisomerase, known as valid target in both cancer and antibiotic therapy. A common host self-defense mechanism against such inhibitors in bacteria is mediated by so-called pentapeptide repeat proteins (PRP). Genes encoding the biosynthetic machinery for production of an alleged topoisomerase inhibitor were found on the basis of their collocation adjacent to a predicted PRP in the genome of the myxobacterium Pyxidicoccus fallax An d48, but to date no matching compound has been reported from this bacterium. Activation of this peculiar polyketide synthase type-II gene cluster in the native host as well as its heterologous expression led to the structure elucidation of new natural products that were named pyxidicyclines and provided an insight into their biosynthesis. Subsequent topoisomerase inhibition assays showed strong affinity to - and inhibition of - unwinding topoisomerases such as E. coli topoisomerase IV and human topoisomerase I by pyxidicyclines as well as precise selectivity, since E. coli topoisomerase II (gyrase) was not inhibited at concentrations up to 50 μg ml-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Panter
- Department Microbial Natural Products , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany .
| | - Daniel Krug
- Department Microbial Natural Products , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany .
| | - Sascha Baumann
- Department Microbial Natural Products , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany .
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany .
- German Centre for Infection Research , partner-site Hannover/Braunschweig , Germany
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18
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Glucuronide-Linked Antibody–Tubulysin Conjugates Display Activity in MDR+ and Heterogeneous Tumor Models. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1752-1760. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Nicolaou KC, Erande RD, Yin J, Vourloumis D, Aujay M, Sandoval J, Munneke S, Gavrilyuk J. Improved Total Synthesis of Tubulysins and Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Tubulysins with Highly Potent Cytotoxicities against Cancer Cells as Potential Payloads for Antibody-Drug Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3690-3711. [PMID: 29381062 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Improved, streamlined total syntheses of natural tubulysins such as V (Tb45) and U (Tb46) and pretubulysin D (PTb-D43), and their application to the synthesis of designed tubulysin analogues (Tb44, PTb-D42, PTb-D47-PTb-D49, and Tb50-Tb120), are described. Cytotoxicity evaluation of the synthesized compounds against certain cancer cell lines revealed a number of novel analogues with exceptional potencies [e.g., Tb111: IC50 = 40 pM against MES SA (uterine sarcoma) cell line; IC50 = 6 pM against HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney cancer) cell line; and IC50 = 1.54 nM against MES SA DX (MES SA with marked multidrug resistance) cell line]. These studies led to a set of valuable structure-activity relationships that provide guidance to further molecular design, synthesis, and biological evaluation studies. The extremely potent cytotoxic compounds discovered in these investigations are highly desirable as potential payloads for antibody-drug conjugates and other drug delivery systems for personalized targeted cancer chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Rohan D Erande
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products & Designed Molecules , N.C.S.R "Demokritos" , 153 10 Agia Paraskevi , Athens , Greece
| | - Monette Aujay
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Joseph Sandoval
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Stefan Munneke
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Julia Gavrilyuk
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
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20
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Schwenk R, Stehning T, Bischoff I, Ullrich A, Kazmaier U, Fürst R. The pretubulysin-induced exposure of collagen is caused by endothelial cell retraction that results in an increased adhesion and decreased transmigration of tumor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77622-77633. [PMID: 29100413 PMCID: PMC5652804 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs. Pretubulysin (PT), a biosynthetic precursor of the myxobacterial tubulysins, was recently identified as a novel MTA. Besides its strong anti-tumoral activities, PT attenuates tumor angiogenesis, exerts anti-vascular actions on tumor vessels and decreases cancer metastasis formation in vivo. The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of PT on the interaction of endothelial and tumor cells in vitro to gain insights into the mechanism underlying its anti-metastatic effect. The influence of PT on tumor cell adhesion and transmigration onto/through the endothelium as well as its influence on cell adhesion molecules and the chemokine system CXCL12/CXCR4 was investigated. Treatment of human endothelial cells with PT increased the adhesion of breast cancer cells to the endothelial monolayer, whereas their transmigration through the endothelium was strongly reduced. Interestingly, the PT-induced upregulation of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CXCL12 were dispensable for the PT-evoked tumor cell adhesion. Tumor cells preferred to adhere to collagen exposed within PT-triggered endothelial gaps via β1-integrins on the tumor cell surface. Taken together, our study provides, at least in part, an explanation for the anti-metastatic potential of PT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Schwenk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tanja Stehning
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iris Bischoff
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angelika Ullrich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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21
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Parker JS, McCormick M, Anderson DW, Maltman BA, Gingipalli L, Toader D. The Development and Scale-Up of an Antibody Drug Conjugate Tubulysin Payload. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S. Parker
- AstraZeneca, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Silk Road
Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Marc McCormick
- AstraZeneca, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Silk Road
Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - David W. Anderson
- Almac Sciences, 5 The Fleming
Building, Edinburgh Technopole, Milton Bridge, Midlothian, EH26 0BE, U.K
| | - Beatrice A. Maltman
- Almac Sciences, 5 The Fleming
Building, Edinburgh Technopole, Milton Bridge, Midlothian, EH26 0BE, U.K
| | - Lakshmaiah Gingipalli
- AstraZeneca, R&D Boston, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Dorin Toader
- AstraZeneca, R&D Boston, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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22
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Molecular and functional characterization of myxobacteria isolated from soil in India. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:112. [PMID: 28567623 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the isolation of myxobacteria from soil collected from plains in north India. Based on the morphology and 16S rDNA sequence, the isolated myxobacteria were identified as Corallococcus sp., Pyxidicoccus sp., Myxococcus sp., Cystobacter sp. and Archangium sp. The myxobacteria were functionally characterized to assess their ability to produce antibacterial and anticancer metabolites. The isolates were found to be functionally versatile as they produced extracellular bioactive molecules that exhibited high frequency of activities against Bacillus cereus, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas syringae. The strains also showed cytotoxic activity against the human cancer cell lines of liver, pancreas, prostrate, bone and cervix. These results indicate the importance of isolating diverse strains of myxobacteria from unexplored habitats to find novel bioactive compounds. Moreover, the bioactive molecules explored in this study are predominantly hydrophilic compounds, obviating the limitations of solubility-related aspect of drug discovery.
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23
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Nicolaou KC, Rigol S. The Evolution and Impact of Total Synthesis on Chemistry, Biology and Medicine. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyriacos C. Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA
| | - Stephan Rigol
- Department of Chemistry; BioScience Research Collaborative; Rice University; 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA
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24
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Herrmann J, Fayad AA, Müller R. Natural products from myxobacteria: novel metabolites and bioactivities. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 34:135-160. [PMID: 27907217 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00106h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2011-July 2016Myxobacteria are a rich source for structurally diverse secondary metabolites with intriguing biological activities. Here we report on new natural products that were isolated from myxobacteria in the period of 2011 to July 2016. Some examples of recent advances on modes-of-action are also summarised along with a more detailed overview on five compound classes currently assessed in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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25
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Colombo R, Wang Z, Han J, Balachandran R, Daghestani HN, Camarco DP, Vogt A, Day BW, Mendel D, Wipf P. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tubulysin Analogues. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10302-10320. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Colombo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Lilly Research
Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Junyan Han
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Mendel
- Lilly Research
Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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26
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Hoffmann J, Gorges J, Junk L, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of pretubulysin-derivatives via the TubUgi-approach. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:6010-20. [PMID: 25940385 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00587f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Ugi reaction is found to be a very powerful tool for the synthesis of (pre)tubulysin derivatives, allowing the introduction of various functionalized side chains in only one step. While polar groups such as amides are not well tolerated, unpolar side chains such as allyl or propargyl ether are well accepted. These functionalities also allow subsequent modifications in the side chain, e.g. via ring closing metathesis or Click reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hoffmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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27
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Nicolaou KC, Yin J, Mandal D, Erande RD, Klahn P, Jin M, Aujay M, Sandoval J, Gavrilyuk J, Vourloumis D. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Natural and Designed Tubulysins. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1698-708. [PMID: 26829208 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A streamlined total synthesis of N(14)-desacetoxytubulysin H (Tb1) based on a C-H activation strategy and a short total synthesis of pretubulysin D (PTb-D43) are described. Applications of the developed synthetic strategies and technologies to the synthesis of a series of tubulysin analogues (Tb2-Tb41 and PTb-D42) are also reported. Biological evaluation of the synthesized compounds against an array of cancer cells revealed a number of novel analogues (e.g., Tb14), some with exceptional potencies against certain cell lines [e.g., Tb32 with IC50 = 12 pM against MES SA (uterine sarcoma) cell line and 2 pM against HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney) cell line], and a set of valuable structure-activity relationships. The highly potent cytotoxic compounds discovered in this study are highly desirable as payloads for antibody-drug conjugates and other drug delivery systems for personalized targeted cancer chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Debashis Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Rohan D Erande
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Philipp Klahn
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Michael Jin
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Monette Aujay
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph Sandoval
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julia Gavrilyuk
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products & Designed Molecules, National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" , Agia Paraskevi-Athens GR-15310, Greece
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28
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Park Y, Sim M, Chang TS, Ryu JS. A concise synthesis of tubuphenylalanine and epi-tubuphenylalanine via a diastereoselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction of silyl ketene acetal. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:913-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02239h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A concise auxiliary-free synthetic route towards tBu-tubuphenylalanine (tBu-Tup) and tBu-epi-tubuphenylalanine (tBu-epi-Tup) has been developed via a diastereoselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction of silyl ketene acetal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Park
- College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Sim
- College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sang Ryu
- College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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29
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Lang E, Schumann P, Tindall BJ, Mohr KI, Spröer C. Reclassification of Angiococcus disciformis, Cystobacter minus and Cystobacter violaceus as Archangium disciforme comb. nov., Archangium minus comb. nov. and Archangium violaceum comb. nov., unification of the families Archangiaceae and Cystobacteraceae, and emended descriptions of the families Myxococcaceae and Archangiaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:4032-4042. [PMID: 26286530 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The species Archangium gephyra, Angiococcus disciformis, Cystobacter minus and Cystobacter violaceus are currently classified in three different genera of the order Myxococcales. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the respective type strains show a similarity higher than 98.4 % and form a tight phylogenetic group. A dendrogram calculating the similarity of MALDI-TOF spectra confirmed the close relatedness of the four species that grouped in a monophyletic cluster in the neighbourhood of other species of the genus Cystobacter. The type strains shared similar fatty acid patterns of high complexity with iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω5c and iso-C14 : 0 3-OH as the major components. The vegetative cells of these species are uniformly long needle-shaped rods, and the myxospores are short rods, ovoid or irregularly spherical thus differing from the myxospores of species related to Cystobacter fuscus, the type species of this genus. Some enzymic and hydrolysing reactions of the type strains are described. As a result of the high relatedness and similarity of the four species, it is proposed to place them into one genus, and due to phylogenetic and morphological distinctness, the species should be classified in a genus distinct from the genus Cystobacter as Archangium gephyra (type strain M18T = DSM 2261T = ATCC 25201T = NBRC 100087T), Archangium disciforme comb. nov. (type strain CMU 1T = DSM 52716T = ATCC 33172T), Archangium minus comb. nov. (proposed neotype strain Cb m2 = DSM 14751 = JCM 12627) and Archangium violaceum comb. nov. (type strain Cb vi61T = DSM 14727T = CIP 109131T = JCM 12629T). Since the family ArchangiaceaeJahn 1924 AL has priority over the family CystobacteraceaeMcCurdy 1970 AL, it is proposed to assign the genera Archangium, Anaeromyxobacter, Cystobacter, Hyalangium, Melittangium and Stigmatella to the family Archangiaceae. Emended descriptions of the families Myxococcaceae and Archangiaceae are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Lang
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Schumann
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Brian J Tindall
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathrin I Mohr
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cathrin Spröer
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Franke J, Ishida K, Hertweck C. Plasticity of the Malleobactin Pathway and Its Impact on Siderophore Action in Human Pathogenic Bacteria. Chemistry 2015; 21:8010-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Karmann L, Schultz K, Herrmann J, Müller R, Kazmaier U. Totalsynthese und biologische Evaluierung von Miuraenamiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Karmann L, Schultz K, Herrmann J, Müller R, Kazmaier U. Total syntheses and biological evaluation of miuraenamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4502-7. [PMID: 25688545 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The miuraenamides, relatively simple representatives of a class of cyclodepsipeptides with high antitumor activity, can be easily and flexibly obtained by the concept of peptide modification. A reaction sequence consisting of an aldol reaction, oxidation, and methylation of the glycine subunit of the cyclodepsipeptides allows the incorporation of the unusual α,β-unsaturated dehydroamino acid in one of the last steps of the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Karmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken (Germany) http://www.uni-saarland.de/lehrstuhl/kazmaier
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33
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Murray BC, Peterson MT, Fecik RA. Chemistry and biology of tubulysins: antimitotic tetrapeptides with activity against drug resistant cancers. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:654-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00036f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since their first report in 2000, tubulysins have sparked great interest for development as anti-cancer agents due to their exceptionally potent anticancer activity.
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34
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Surup F, Viehrig K, Mohr KI, Herrmann J, Jansen R, Müller R. Disciformycins A and B: 12-membered macrolide glycoside antibiotics from the myxobacterium Pyxidicoccus fallax active against multiresistant staphylococci. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13588-91. [PMID: 25294799 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Two macrolide glycosides with a unique scaffold were isolated from cultures of the myxobacterium Pyxidicoccus fallax. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by a combination of NMR, MS, degradation, and molecular modeling techniques. Analysis of the proposed biosynthetic gene cluster led to insights into the biosynthesis of the polyketide and confirmed the structure assignment. The more active compound, disciformycin B, potently inhibits methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Surup
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Department Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig (Germany); German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Location: Braunschweig (Germany)
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35
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Surup F, Viehrig K, Mohr KI, Herrmann J, Jansen R, Müller R. Disciformycine A und B: zwölfgliedrige Macrolid-Glycosid-Antibiotika aus dem MyxobakteriumPyxidicoccus fallaxmit Aktivität gegen multiresistente Staphylokokken. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Schieferdecker S, König S, Weigel C, Dahse HM, Werz O, Nett M. Structure and biosynthetic assembly of gulmirecins, macrolide antibiotics from the predatory bacterium Pyxidicoccus fallax. Chemistry 2014; 20:15933-40. [PMID: 25287056 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The gulmirecins constitute a new class of glycosylated macrolides that were isolated from the predatory bacterium Pyxidicoccus fallax HKI 727. Their structures were solved by a combination of NMR spectroscopic experiments and chemical derivatization. Analysis of the annotated gulmirecin gene cluster complemented the configurational assignment and provided insights into the stereochemical course of the biosynthetic assembly. The gulmirecins exhibit strong activity against staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but no cytotoxic effects on human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schieferdecker
- Junior Research Group, "Secondary Metabolism of Predatory Bacteria", Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena (Germany), Fax: (+49) 3641-5320811
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37
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Paladhi S, Das J, Samanta M, Dash J. Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Thiazole-Carbaldehydes: Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Tubuvalin Analogues. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Hoffmann J, Kazmaier U. A straightforward approach towards cyclic photoactivatable tubulysin derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11356-60. [PMID: 25196233 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of a new photolabile protecting group containing an additional allyl functionality allows the synthesis of cyclic photoactivatable natural products. Cyclization occurs between the allyl moiety in the protecting group and a second double bond in the target molecule by means of ring-closing metathesis. Cyclization should increase the metabolic stability towards proteases. On the other hand, the conformational change should cause diminished biological activity. As illustrated for tubulysin derivatives, cyclic and photoactivatable drug candidates can easily be obtained in only two steps from simple building blocks through Ugi reaction and ring-closing metathesis. The photolabile protecting group is introduced by means of the isocyanide component during the Ugi reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hoffmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken (Germany) http://www.uni-saarland.de/fak8/kazmaier
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Hoffmann J, Kazmaier U. Ein einfacher Zugang zu cyclischen photoaktivierbaren Tubulysin-Derivaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Fernández J, Marín L, Alvarez-Alonso R, Redondo S, Carvajal J, Villamizar G, Villar CJ, Lombó F. Biosynthetic modularity rules in the bisintercalator family of antitumor compounds. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2668-99. [PMID: 24821625 PMCID: PMC4052310 DOI: 10.3390/md12052668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse actinomycetes produce a family of structurally and biosynthetically related non-ribosomal peptide compounds which belong to the chromodepsipeptide family. These compounds act as bisintercalators into the DNA helix. They give rise to antitumor, antiparasitic, antibacterial and antiviral bioactivities. These compounds show a high degree of conserved modularity (chromophores, number and type of amino acids). This modularity and their high sequence similarities at the genetic level imply a common biosynthetic origin for these pathways. Here, we describe insights about rules governing this modular biosynthesis, taking advantage of the fact that nowadays five of these gene clusters have been made public (thiocoraline, triostin, SW-163 and echinomycin/quinomycin). This modularity has potential application for designing and producing novel genetic engineered derivatives, as well as for developing new chemical synthesis strategies. These would facilitate their clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Laura Marín
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Raquel Alvarez-Alonso
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Saúl Redondo
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Juan Carvajal
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Germán Villamizar
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Claudio J Villar
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
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41
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Vranova V, Lojkova L, Rejsek K, Formanek P. Significance of the natural occurrence of L- versus D-pipecolic acid: a review. Chirality 2013; 25:823-31. [PMID: 24114978 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pipecolic acid naturally occurs in microorganisms, plants, and animals, where it plays many roles, including the interactions between these organisms, and is a key constituent of many natural and synthetic bioactive molecules. This article provides a review of current knowledge on the natural occurrence of pipecolic acid and the known and potential significance of its L- and D-enantiomers in different scientific disciplines. Knowledge gaps with perspectives for future research identified within this article include the roles of the L- versus the D-enantiomer of pipecolic acid in plant resistance, nutrient acquisition, and decontamination of polluted soils, as well as rhizosphere ecology and medical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Vranova
- Mendel University in Brno, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Czech Republic
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42
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Becker D, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of Tubuphenylalanines via Ireland–Claisen Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2012; 78:59-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301693d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Becker
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Building C4.2, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Building C4.2, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
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43
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Chemoenzymatic synthesis of highly enantiomerically enriched secondary alcohols with a thiazolic core. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Heterologous Expression and Genetic Engineering of the Tubulysin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Using Red/ET Recombineering and Inactivation Mutagenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:361-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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45
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Burkhart JL, Kazmaier U. A straightforward click-approach towards pretubulysin-analogues. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20191g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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46
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Wirtz L, Kazmaier U. A Mild Titanium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Functionalized Amino Coumarins as Fluorescence Labels. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Zander W, Mohr KI, Gerth K, Jansen R, Müller R. p-hydroxyacetophenone amides from Cystobacter ferrugineus, strain Cb G35. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1358-1363. [PMID: 21591808 DOI: 10.1021/np1006789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A family of six novel p-hydroxyacetophenone amides, 1-6, was isolated from Cystobacter ferrugineus, strain Cb G35. Their structures were elucidated by ESI-TOF mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Feeding experiments with labeled [¹³C₉,¹⁵N]-tyrosine and [d₁₀]-leucine identified the biosynthetic precursors of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Zander
- Research Group Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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48
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Floyd WC, Datta GK, Imamura S, Kieler-Ferguson HM, Jerger K, Patterson AW, Fox ME, Szoka FC, Fréchet JMJ, Ellman JA. Chemotherapeutic evaluation of a synthetic tubulysin analogue-dendrimer conjugate in c26 tumor bearing mice. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:49-53. [PMID: 20973119 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Burkhart JL, Müller R, Kazmaier U. Syntheses and Evaluation of Simplified Pretubulysin Analogues. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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50
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Pistorius D, Li Y, Sandmann A, Müller R. Completing the puzzle of aurachin biosynthesis in Stigmatella aurantiaca Sg a15. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:3308-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c1mb05328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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