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Wang X, Xin C, Zhou Y, Sun T. Plant-Derived Vesicle-like Nanoparticles: The Next-Generation Drug Delivery Nanoplatforms. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:588. [PMID: 38794248 PMCID: PMC11125130 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of natural bioactive compounds derived from plants have demonstrated significant clinical relevance in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, chronic disease, and inflammation. An increasing number of studies have surfaced that give credence to the potential of plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) as compelling candidates for a drug delivery system (DDS). PDVLNs are cost-effective production, non-toxicity and non-immunogenicity and fascinating bi-ocompatibility. In this review, we attempt to comprehensively review and consolidate the position of PDVLNs as next-generation drug delivery nanoplatforms. We aim to give a quick glance to readers of the current developments of PDVLNs, including their biogenesis, characteristic features, composition, administration routes, advantages, and application. Further, we discuss the advantages and limitations of PDVLNs. We expect that the role of PDVLNs in drug delivery will be significantly enhanced, thus positioning them as the next generation of therapeutic modalities in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Congling Xin
- Department of Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiolagy, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China;
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;
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2
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Xia P, Dubrovska A. CD98 heavy chain as a prognostic biomarker and target for cancer treatment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1251100. [PMID: 37823053 PMCID: PMC10562705 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1251100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The SLC3A2 gene encodes for a cell-surface transmembrane protein CD98hc (4F2). CD98hc serves as a chaperone for LAT1 (SLC7A5), LAT2 (SLC7A8), y+LAT1 (SLC7A7), y+LAT2 (SLC7A6), xCT (SLC7A11) and Asc1 (SLC7A10) providing their recruitment to the plasma membrane. Together with the light subunits, it constitutes heterodimeric transmembrane amino acid transporters. CD98hc interacts with other surface molecules, such as extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer CD147 (EMMPRIN) and adhesion receptors integrins, and regulates glucose uptake. In this way, CD98hc connects the signaling pathways sustaining cell proliferation and migration, biosynthesis and antioxidant defense, energy production, and stem cell properties. This multifaceted role makes CD98hc one of the critical regulators of tumor growth, therapy resistance, and metastases. Indeed, the high expression levels of CD98hc were confirmed in various tumor tissues, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, glioblastoma, colon adenocarcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and others. A high expression of CD98hc has been linked to clinical prognosis and response to chemo- and radiotherapy in several types of cancer. In this mini-review, we discuss the physiological functions of CD98hc, its role in regulating tumor stemness, metastases, and therapy resistance, and the clinical significance of CD98hc as a tumor marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xia
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
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3
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Pokharel SM, Mohanty I, Mariasoosai C, Miura TA, Maddison LA, Natesan S, Bose S. Human beta defensin-3 mediated activation of β-catenin during human respiratory syncytial virus infection: interaction of HBD3 with LDL receptor-related protein 5. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1186510. [PMID: 37426017 PMCID: PMC10324619 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1186510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a non-segmented negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the paramyxovirus family. RSV infects the respiratory tract to cause pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants, elderly, and immunocompromised patients. Effective clinical therapeutic options and vaccines to combat RSV infection are still lacking. Therefore, to develop effective therapeutic interventions, it is imperative to understand virus-host interactions during RSV infection. Cytoplasmic stabilization of β-catenin protein results in activation of canonical Wingless (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathway that culminates in transcriptional activation of various genes regulated by T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors. This pathway is involved in various biological and physiological functions. Our study shows RSV infection of human lung epithelial A549 cells triggering β-catenin protein stabilization and induction of β-catenin mediated transcriptional activity. Functionally, the activated β-catenin pathway promoted a pro-inflammatory response during RSV infection of lung epithelial cells. Studies with β-catenin inhibitors and A549 cells lacking optimal β-catenin activity demonstrated a significant loss of pro-inflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) release from RSV-infected cells. Mechanistically, our studies revealed a role of extracellular human beta defensin-3 (HBD3) in interacting with cell surface Wnt receptor LDL receptor-related protein-5 (LRP5) to activate the non-canonical Wnt independent β-catenin pathway during RSV infection. We showed gene expression and release of HBD3 from RSV-infected cells and silencing of HBD3 expression resulted in reduced stabilization of β-catenin protein during RSV infection. Furthermore, we observed the binding of extracellular HBD3 with cell surface localized LRP5 protein, and our in silico and protein-protein interaction studies have highlighted a direct interaction of HBD3 with LRP5. Thus, our studies have identified the β-catenin pathway as a key regulator of pro-inflammatory response during RSV infection of human lung epithelial cells. This pathway was induced during RSV infection via a non-canonical Wnt-independent mechanism involving paracrine/autocrine action of extracellular HBD3 activating cell surface Wnt receptor complex by directly interacting with the LRP5 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swechha M. Pokharel
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Indira Mohanty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Charles Mariasoosai
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Tanya A. Miura
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Lisette A. Maddison
- Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Senthil Natesan
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Santanu Bose
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Activation of Non-Canonical Autophagic Pathway through Inhibition of Non-Integrin Laminin Receptor in Neuronal Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030466. [PMID: 35159276 PMCID: PMC8833926 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To fight neurodegenerative diseases, several therapeutic strategies have been proposed that, to date, are either ineffective or at the early preclinical stages. Intracellular protein aggregates represent the cause of about 70% of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, autophagy, i.e., lysosomal degradation of macromolecules, could be employed in this context as a therapeutic strategy. Searching for a compound that stimulates this process led us to the identification of a 37/67kDa laminin receptor inhibitor, NSC48478. We have analysed the effects of this small molecule on the autophagic process in mouse neuronal cells and found that NSC48478 induces the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3-I) into the LC3-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate (LC3-II). Interestingly, upon NSC48478 treatment, the contribution of membranes to the autophagic process derived mainly from the non-canonical m-TOR-independent endocytic pathway, involving the Rab proteins that control endocytosis and vesicle recycling. Finally, qRT-PCR analysis suggests that, while the expression of key genes linked to canonical autophagy was unchanged, the main genes related to the positive regulation of endocytosis (pinocytosis and receptor mediated), along with genes regulating vesicle fusion and autolysosomal maturation, were upregulated under NSC48478 conditions. These results strongly suggest that 37/67 kDa inhibitor could be a useful tool for future studies in pathological conditions.
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Evaluation of the Binding Mechanism of Human Defensin 5 in a Bacterial Membrane: A Simulation Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212401. [PMID: 34830284 PMCID: PMC8619297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human α-defensin 5 (HD5) is a host-defense peptide exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer on the Gram-negative bacterial membrane acts as a barrier to HD5 insertion. Therefore, the pore formation and binding mechanism remain unclear. Here, the binding mechanisms at five positions along the bacterial membrane axis were investigated using Molecular Dynamics. (MD) simulations. We found that HD5 initially placed at positions 1 to 3 moved up to the surface, while HD5 positioned at 4 and 5 remained within the membrane interacting with the middle and inner leaflet of the membrane, respectively. The arginines were key components for tighter binding with 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO), phosphates of the outer and inner leaflets. KDO appeared to retard the HD5 penetration.
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Lee JY, Lee DW, Jo BS, Park KS, Park YS, Chung CP, Park YJ. Engineered synthetic cell penetrating peptide with intracellular anti-inflammatory bioactivity: An in vitro and in vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2001-2016. [PMID: 33818867 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Various biomaterials have been used for bone and cartilage regeneration, and inflammation associated with biomaterial implantation is also increased. A 15-mer synthetic anti-inflammatory peptide (SAP15) was designed from human β-defensin 3 to penetrate cells and induce intracellular downregulation of inflammation. The downregulation of inflammation was achieved by the binding of SAP15 to intracellular histone deacetylase (HDAC5). SAP15-mediated inhibition of inflammation was examined in vitro and in vivo using murine macrophages, human articular chondrocytes, and a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. Surface plasmon resonance and immunoprecipitation assays indicated that SAP15 binds to HDAC5. SAP15 inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced phosphorylation of intracellular HDAC5 and NF-κB p65 in murine macrophages. SAP15 treatment increased aggrecan and type II collagen expression and decreased osteocalcin expression in LPS-induced chondrocytes. Subcutaneous injection of SAP15-loaded sodium hyaluronic acid (HA) solution significantly decreased hind paw swelling, joint inflammation, and serum cytokine levels in CIA rats compared with the effects of sodium HA solution alone. The SAP15-loaded HA group exhibited preservation of cartilage and bone structure in CIA rat joints. Moreover, a more robust anti-inflammatory effect of the SAP15 loaded HA was observed than that of etanercept (an anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α] antibody)-loaded HA. These findings suggest that SAP15 has an anti-inflammatory effect that is not controlled by sodium HA and is mediated by inhibiting HDAC5, unlike the anti-inflammatory mechanism of etanercept. These results demonstrate that SAP15 is useful as an inflammatory regulator of biomaterials and can be developed as a therapeutic for the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-Yeon Lee
- Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Jo
- Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Sook Park
- Dental Regenerative Biotechnology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Shin Park
- Major in Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Pyung Chung
- Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Park
- Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Dental Regenerative Biotechnology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Scudiero O, Lombardo B, Brancaccio M, Mennitti C, Cesaro A, Fimiani F, Gentile L, Moscarella E, Amodio F, Ranieri A, Gragnano F, Laneri S, Mazzaccara C, Di Micco P, Caiazza M, D’Alicandro G, Limongelli G, Calabrò P, Pero R, Frisso G. Exercise, Immune System, Nutrition, Respiratory and Cardiovascular Diseases during COVID-19: A Complex Combination. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:904. [PMID: 33494244 PMCID: PMC7908487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) represent a large family of RNA viruses that can infect different living species, posing a global threat to human health. CoVs can evade the immune response, replicate within the host, and cause a rapid immune compromise culminating in severe acute respiratory syndrome. In humans, the immune system functions are influenced by physical activity, nutrition, and the absence of respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. This review provides an in-depth study between the interactions of the immune system and coronaviruses in the host to defend against CoVs disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.S.); (B.L.); (C.M.); (C.M.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.S.); (B.L.); (C.M.); (C.M.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Mariarita Brancaccio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mennitti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.S.); (B.L.); (C.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.A.); (F.G.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Unit of Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale AORN Dei Colli, “V.Monaldi”, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luca Gentile
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Moscarella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.A.); (F.G.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Federica Amodio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.A.); (F.G.)
| | - Annaluisa Ranieri
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.A.); (F.G.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Via Montesano, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.S.); (B.L.); (C.M.); (C.M.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Di Micco
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Room, Ospedale Buon Consiglio Fatebenefratelli, 80123 Naples, Italy;
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 81100 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni D’Alicandro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Center of Sports Medicine and Disability, AORN, Santobono-Pausillipon, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.); (F.A.); (F.G.)
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. “Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Raffaela Pero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.S.); (B.L.); (C.M.); (C.M.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.S.); (B.L.); (C.M.); (C.M.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
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Bolatchiev A. Antibacterial activity of human defensins against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10455. [PMID: 33304659 PMCID: PMC7698690 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global problem of antibiotic resistance requires the search for and development of new methods of treatment. One of the promising strategies is the use of low doses of antimicrobial peptides, in particular, human defensins HNP-1, hBD-1, and hBD-3, in combination with antibacterial drugs already used in clinical practice. This approach may be used to increase the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics. However, this requires thorough study of the effectiveness of defensins in combination with antibiotics against a large number of bacterial strains with known phenotypes of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this work was to study the antibacterial effect of HNP-1, hBD-1 and hBD-3 in combination with rifampicin or amikacin against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (n = 27) and Escherichia coli (n = 24) collected from hospitalized patients. METHODS The standard checkerboard assay was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials. The combined microbicidal effects of two substances (defensin + conventional antibiotic) were assessed by the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). RESULTS The highest anti-staphylococcal activity (including methicillin-resistant strains) among defensins was demonstrated by hBD-3 that had MIC of 1 (0.5-4) mg/L (hereinafter, MIC values are presented as median and interquartile range). The MIC of HNP-1 against S. aureus was 4 (2-8) mg/L; the MIC of hBD-1 was 8 (4-8) mg/L. Against E. coli, the most effective was also found to be hBD-3 that had MIC of 4 (4-8) mg/L; the MIC of HNP-1 was 12 (4-32) mg/L. The combinations of HNP-1 + rifampicin and hBD-3 + rifampicin demonstrated synergistic effects against S. aureus. Against E. coli, combinations of HNP-1 + amikacin and hBD-3 + amikacin also showed synergy of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Bolatchiev
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russian Federation
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Bhattacharya A, Izzo A, Mollo N, Napolitano F, Limone A, Margheri F, Mocali A, Minopoli G, Lo Bianco A, Di Maggio F, D’Argenio V, Montuori N, Lavecchia A, Sarnataro D. Inhibition of 37/67kDa Laminin-1 Receptor Restores APP Maturation and Reduces Amyloid-β in Human Skin Fibroblasts from Familial Alzheimer's Disease. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040232. [PMID: 33207563 PMCID: PMC7712490 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by protein misfolding and aggregation, affecting brain function and causing dementia. Amyloid beta (Aβ), a peptide deriving from amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage by-and γ-secretases, is considered a pathological hallmark of AD. Our previous study, together with several lines of evidence, identified a strict link between APP, Aβ and 37/67kDa laminin receptor (LR), finding the possibility to regulate intracellular APP localization and maturation through modulation of the receptor. Here, we report that in fibroblasts from familial AD (fAD), APP was prevalently expressed as an immature isoform and accumulated preferentially in the transferrin-positive recycling compartment rather than in the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, besides the altered mitochondrial network exhibited by fAD patient cells, the levels of pAkt and pGSK3 were reduced in respect to healthy control fibroblasts and were accompanied by an increased amount of secreted Aβ in conditioned medium from cell cultures. Interestingly, these features were reversed by inhibition of 37/67kDa LR by NSC47924 a small molecule that was able to rescue the “typical” APP localization in the Golgi apparatus, with consequences on the Aβ level and mitochondrial network. Altogether, these findings suggest that 37/67kDa LR modulation may represent a useful tool to control APP trafficking and Aβ levels with implications in Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antaripa Bhattacharya
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Antonella Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Nunzia Mollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Adriana Limone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Mocali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Minopoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Alessandra Lo Bianco
- Department of Pharmacy, “Drug Discovery Lab”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Federica Di Maggio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Nunzia Montuori
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, “Drug Discovery Lab”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (N.M.); (A.L.); (G.M.); (F.D.M.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Song H, Canup BSB, Ngo VL, Denning TL, Garg P, Laroui H. Internalization of Garlic-Derived Nanovesicles on Liver Cells is Triggered by Interaction With CD98. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23118-23128. [PMID: 32954162 PMCID: PMC7495725 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of how plant-derived nanovesicles are uptaken by cells remains unknown. In this study, the garlic-derived nanovesicles (GDVs) were isolated and digested with trypsin to remove all surface proteins. Digested GDVs showed less uptake compared to undigested GDVs, confirming that the surface proteins played a role in the endocytosis. On the cell side (HepG2), interestingly, blocking the CD98 receptors significantly reduced the uptake of GDVs. During the cellular internalization of GDVs, we observed that some surface proteins of GDVs were co-localized with CD98. A total lysate of the GDV surface showed a high presence of a mannose-specific binding protein, II lectin. Blocking GDV II lectin (using mannose preincubation) highly reduced the GDV internalization, which supports that direct interaction between II lectin and CD98 plays an important role in internalization. The GDVs also exhibited in vitro anti-inflammatory effect by downregulating proinflammatory factors on the HepG2 cells. This work contributes to understanding a part of the GDV internalization process and the cellular anti-inflammatory effects of garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heliang Song
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics (CDT), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Brandon S. B. Canup
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics (CDT), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Vu L. Ngo
- Department
of Biology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences (IBMS), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Timothy L. Denning
- Department
of Biology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences (IBMS), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Pallavi Garg
- Department
of Biology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences (IBMS), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Hamed Laroui
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics (CDT), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
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11
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Urinary Biomarkers: Diagnostic Tools for Monitoring Athletes' Health Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176065. [PMID: 32825414 PMCID: PMC7503896 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute or intense exercise is sometimes related to infections of the urinary tract. It can also lead to incorrect hydration as well as incorrect glomerular filtration due to the presence of high-molecular-weight proteins that cause damage to the kidneys. In this context, our study lays the foundations for the use of a urine test in a team of twelve male basketball players as a means of monitoring numerous biochemical parameters, including pH, specific weight, color, appearance, presence of bacterial cells, presence of squamous cells, leukocytes, erythrocytes, proteins, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, hemoglobin, nitrite, and leukocyte esterase, to prevent and/or treat the onset of pathologies, prescribe personalized treatments for each athlete, and monitor the athletes’ health status.
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12
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Mennitti C, Brancaccio M, Gentile L, Ranieri A, Terracciano D, Cennamo M, La Civita E, Liotti A, D’Alicandro G, Mazzaccara C, Frisso G, Pero R, Lombardo B, Scudiero O. Athlete's Passport: Prevention of Infections, Inflammations, Injuries and Cardiovascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2540. [PMID: 32781561 PMCID: PMC7465786 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Laboratory medicine in sports medicine is taking on an ever-greater role in the assessment and monitoring of an athlete's health condition. The acute or intense exercise practiced by elite athletes can lead to the appearance of infections, inflammations, muscle injuries or cardiovascular disorders, whose diagnosis is not always rapid and efficient, as there is no continuous monitoring of the athlete. The absence of such monitoring can have serious consequences in terms of recovery of the professional athlete. These imbalances can induce metabolic adaptations which translate into alterations of specific parameters in terms of concentration and activity. The aim of this study was to follow the variation of specific biochemical biomarkers in a basketball team participating to the maximum championship during different phases of the agonistic season. The evaluation of serum biomarkers can help doctors to safeguard the athlete's health and sports trainers to adapt workouts, thus avoiding the appearance of diseases and injuries that in some cases can be underestimated by becoming irreversible ailments that do not allow the athlete to return to a healthy state. This information can be useful to create athlete biologic passports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mennitti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Mariarita Brancaccio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luca Gentile
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Annaluisa Ranieri
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Giovanni D’Alicandro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Center of Sports Medicine and Disability, AORN, Santobono-Pausillipon, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Raffaela Pero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.R.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
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13
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Brancaccio M, Mennitti C, Laneri S, Franco A, De Biasi MG, Cesaro A, Fimiani F, Moscarella E, Gragnano F, Mazzaccara C, Limongelli G, Frisso G, Lombardo B, Pagliuca C, Colicchio R, Salvatore P, Calabrò P, Pero R, Scudiero O. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Risk for General Infection and Endocarditis Among Athletes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E332. [PMID: 32570705 PMCID: PMC7345113 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The first studies on Staphylococcus aureus (SA) infections in athletes were conducted in the 1980s, and examined athletes that perform in close physical contact, with particular attention to damaged or infected skin. Recent studies have used molecular epidemiology to shed light on the transmission of SA in professional athletes. These studies have shown that contact between athletes is prolonged and constant, and that these factors influence the appearance of infections caused by SA. These results support the need to use sanitary measures designed to prevent the appearance of SA infections. The factors triggering the establishment of SA within professional sports groups are the nasal colonization of SA, contact between athletes and sweating. Hence, there is a need to use the most modern molecular typing methods to evaluate the appearance of cutaneous SA disease. This review aims to summarize both the current SA infections known in athletes and the diagnostic methods employed for recognition, pointing to possible preventive strategies and the factors that can act as a springboard for the appearance of SA and subsequent transmission between athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Brancaccio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mennitti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.G.D.B.)
| | - Adelaide Franco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.G.D.B.)
| | - Margherita G. De Biasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.G.D.B.)
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Center of Excellence for Research on Cardiovascular Diseases Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Moscarella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Raffaela Pero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S.Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy
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14
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Pero R, Brancaccio M, Mennitti C, Gentile L, Franco A, Laneri S, De Biasi MG, Pagliuca C, Colicchio R, Salvatore P, D’Alicandro G, Terracciano D, Cennamo M, La Civita E, Liotti A, Mazzaccara C, Frisso G, Lombardo B, Scudiero O. HNP-1 and HBD-1 as Biomarkers for the Immune Systems of Elite Basketball Athletes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9060306. [PMID: 32517339 PMCID: PMC7345027 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute or strenuous exercise is sometimes related to upper respiratory tract infections in athletes. Practicing intense and regular exercise can lead to incorrect activation of the immune system, causing athletes to be excluded from training programs and competitions. Defensins are small antimicrobial peptides that are part of the innate immune system and dynamically involved in several biological activities. In this study, we highlight the role of human defensins in competitive basketball athletes. In particular, we consider the behavior of alpha- and beta-defensins together with white blood cells in a cohort of players. Moreover, we focus our attention on cortisol, a physiological indicator of stress, and testosterone, both of which are human hormones involved in muscle metabolism. The free-testosterone/cortisol ratio is considered to be an indicator of overtraining among athletes. This paper provides an up-to-date information of the role of human defensins as self-defense molecules during a continuous stressor such as long-term exercise, and it recognizes them as potential markers of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaela Pero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (O.S.); Tel.: +39-339-459-6163 (R.P.); +39-339-613-9908 (O.S.)
| | - Mariarita Brancaccio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mennitti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
| | - Luca Gentile
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Adelaide Franco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (S.L.); (M.G.D.B.)
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (S.L.); (M.G.D.B.)
| | - Margherita G. De Biasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (S.L.); (M.G.D.B.)
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
| | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni D’Alicandro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Center of Sports Medicine and Disability, AORN, Santobono-Pausillipon, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.T.); (M.C.); (E.L.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (C.M.); (G.F.); (B.L.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (O.S.); Tel.: +39-339-459-6163 (R.P.); +39-339-613-9908 (O.S.)
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15
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Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus a ureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9040198. [PMID: 32326312 PMCID: PMC7235756 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism capable of causing numerous diseases of the human skin. The incidence of S. aureus skin infections reflects the conflict between the host skin′s immune defenses and the S. aureus’ virulence elements. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small protein molecules involved in numerous biological activities, playing a very important role in the innate immunity. They constitute the defense of the host′s skin, which prevents harmful microorganisms from entering the epithelial barrier, including S. aureus. However, S. aureus uses ambiguous mechanisms against host defenses by promoting colonization and skin infections. Our review aims to provide a reference collection on host-pathogen interactions in skin disorders, including S. aureus infections and its resistance to methicillin (MRSA). In addition to these, we discuss the involvement of defensins and other innate immunity mediators (i.e., toll receptors, interleukin-1, and interleukin-17), involved in the defense of the host against the skin disorders caused by S. aureus, and then focus on the evasion mechanisms developed by the pathogenic microorganism under analysis. This review provides the “state of the art” on molecular mechanisms underlying S. aureus skin infection and the pharmacological potential of AMPs as a new therapeutic strategy, in order to define alternative directions in the fight against cutaneous disease.
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16
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Bhattacharya A, Limone A, Napolitano F, Cerchia C, Parisi S, Minopoli G, Montuori N, Lavecchia A, Sarnataro D. APP Maturation and Intracellular Localization Are Controlled by a Specific Inhibitor of 37/67 kDa Laminin-1 Receptor in Neuronal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051738. [PMID: 32143270 PMCID: PMC7084285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is processed along both the nonamyloidogenic pathway preventing amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) production and the amyloidogenic pathway, generating Aβ, whose accumulation characterizes Alzheimer’s disease. Items of evidence report that the intracellular trafficking plays a key role in the generation of Aβ and that the 37/67 kDa LR (laminin receptor), acting as a receptor for Aβ, may mediate Aβ-pathogenicity. Moreover, findings indicating interaction between the receptor and the key enzymes involved in the amyloidogenic pathway suggest a strong link between 37/67 kDa LR and APP processing. We show herein that the specific 37/67 kDa LR inhibitor, NSC48478, is able to reversibly affect the maturation of APP in a pH-dependent manner, resulting in the partial accumulation of the immature APP isoforms (unglycosylated/acetylated forms) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in transferrin-positive recycling endosomes, indicating alteration of the APP intracellular trafficking. These effects reveal NSC48478 inhibitor as a novel small molecule to be tested in disease conditions, mediated by the 37/67 kDa LR and accompanied by inactivation of ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinases) signalling and activation of Akt (serine/threonine protein kinase) with consequent inhibition of GSK3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antaripa Bhattacharya
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Adriana Limone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Carmen Cerchia
- Department of Pharmacy, “Drug Discovery Lab”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Silvia Parisi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Minopoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Nunzia Montuori
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, “Drug Discovery Lab”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Cyclic Peptides as Novel Therapeutic Microbicides: Engineering of Human Defensin Mimetics. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071217. [PMID: 28726740 PMCID: PMC6152268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are receiving significant attention thanks to their antimicrobial activity and high serum stability, which is useful to develop and design novel antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides appear to be key components of innate defences against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Among the others, defensins possess a strong microbicidial activity. Defensins are cationic and amphipathic peptides with six cysteine residues connected by three disulfide bonds found in plants, insects, and mammals; they are divided in three families: α-, β-, and θ-defensins. α-Defensins are contained in the primary granules of human neutrophils; β-defensins are expressed in human epithelia; and θ-defensins are pseudo-cyclic defensins not found in humans, but in rhesus macaques. The structural diversities among the three families are reflected in a different antimicrobial action as well as in serum stability. The engineering of these peptides is an exciting opportunity to obtain more functional antimicrobial molecules highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents. The present review reports the most recent advances in the field of cyclic peptides with a specific regard to defensin analogs.
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Jia J, Peng H, Chen S. Evaluation of the role of human β-defensin 3 in modulation of immunity and inflammatory response after knee replacement. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1343-1346. [PMID: 28413475 PMCID: PMC5377263 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the value of human β-defensin 3 (HBD-3) in adjusting the immunity and inflammatory response of T lymphocytes in the body after knee replacement. Sixty-four cases of knee replacement patients were successively selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group each with 32 cases. Once a day, for 7 days, patients in the control group were injected with placebo saline solution in the articular cavity. Levels of Th1 and/Th2, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were compared one month later, and implant infection rates were compared within 1-year follow-up. Compared with patients in the control group, the levels of Th1 and Th1/Th2 in the observation group significantly increased, yet their Th2 decreased. The levels of IL-2 and TNF-α were also observed to be significantly elevated, yet IL-10 decreased. Furthermore, their TLR-4 and ALP levels were significantly higher. Three cases of implant-related infection occurred in the control group and 1 case in the observation group. In conclusion, HBD-3 could adjust the immunity and inflammatory response of cells in the body after knee replacement, possibly playing an important role in implant-related infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiguang Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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β-Defensins in the Fight against Helicobacter pylori. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030424. [PMID: 28272373 PMCID: PMC6155297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a pivotal role in the innate immune responses to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in humans. β-Defensins, a class of cationic arginine-rich AMPs, are small peptides secreted by immune cells and epithelial cells that exert antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. During Hp infections, AMP expression is able to eradicate the bacteria, thereby preventing Hp infections in gastrointestinal tract. It is likely that gastric β-defensins expression is increased during Hp infection. The aim of this review is to focus on increased knowledge of the role of β-defensins in response to Hp infection. We also briefly discuss the potential use of AMPs, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics, for the treatment of Hp infection.
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Ermakova E, Zuev Y. Interaction of Scots Pine Defensin with Model Membrane by Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics. J Membr Biol 2017; 250:205-216. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9950-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhu C, Bao NR, Chen S, Zhao JN. The mechanism of human β-defensin 3 in MRSA-induced infection of implant drug-resistant bacteria biofilm in the mouse tibial bone marrow. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1347-1352. [PMID: 28413476 PMCID: PMC5377296 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of human β-defensin 3 (HBD-3) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA-induced infection of implant drug-resistant bacteria biofilm in the mouse tibial bone marrow was studied. Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with average weight of 230 g were selected to construct the infection model of MRSA-induced implant drug-resistant bacteria biofilm in the mouse left tibial bone marrow. The drugs were intraperitoneally injected after 24 h medullary cavity infection, and the experimental groups included the model group, HBD-3 group, and vancomycin group (20 rats in each group). The model group was injected with 10 ml saline, HBD-3 group was injected with 10 ml of 8 µg/ml (1 MIC) and vancomycin group was injected with 10 ml of 0.5 µg/ml (1 MIC), five animals in each group were sacrificed on the 1, 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively. Observation was carried out on whether there was swelling and purulent secretion on the local wound; 1 ml venous sinus blood of eye socket was collected for blood routine examination and blood culture, and the laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to observe the morphology of the biofilm on the implant surface and the number of viable bacteria. Immunohistochemical staining was adopted to test the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), and ELISA method was used to test interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1α and interferon-γ (INF-γ)-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) expression levels. There was no death due to infection in the HBD-3 group or vancomycin group, 1 case with significant wound swelling was found, respectively, in each group, but there was no purulent secretion. The percentage of the total white blood cells and neutrophil granulocytes as well as the biofilm morphology and the number of viable bacteria in the model group was gradually increased with time, while those in the HBD-3 group and vancomycin group were decreased with time. The comparative difference among groups was statistically significant (P<0.05); those in the HBD-3 group and vancomycin group at each time-point was decreased significantly compared with the model group, and the difference among groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), but in terms of the comparison between the HBD-3 group and vancomycin group, the difference was not significantly different (P>0.05). The NF-κB and TLR-4 expressions in the model group and vancomycin group were not significantly changed at each time-point, those in the HBD-3 group began to increase on the 1st day, and reached the peak on the 7th day and began to decline on the 14th day, and the comparative difference at each time-point was statistically significant (P<0.05); those in the HBD-3 group were significantly higher than the model group and vancomycin group at each time-point and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1α, and IP-10 expressions in the model group at each time were significantly higher than the other two groups and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); in terms of the comparison between the HBD-3 group and vancomycin group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In conclusion, β-defensin 3 can inhibit the bacterial growth by regulating inflammation and immune responses in the MRSA-induced implant drug-resistant bacteria biofilm infection in the mouse tibial bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Ni-Rong Bao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ning Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Nigro E, Colavita I, Sarnataro D, Scudiero O, Daniele A, Salvatore F, Pessi A. Host defense peptide-derived privileged scaffolds for anti-infective drug discovery. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:303-310. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
| | - Irene Colavita
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Via Pansini 5 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Olga Scudiero
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Via Pansini 5 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies; Second University of Naples; Via Vivaldi 43 81100 Caserta Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
- IRCCS-SDN Foundation; Via Emanuele Gianturco 113 80142 Naples Italy
| | - Antonello Pessi
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate; Via Gaetano Salvatore 486 80145 Naples Italy
- PeptiPharma; Viale Città D'Europa 679 00144 Rome Italy
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Nigro E, Colavita I, Sarnataro D, Scudiero O, Zambrano G, Granata V, Daniele A, Carotenuto A, Galdiero S, Folliero V, Galdiero M, Urbanowicz RA, Ball JK, Salvatore F, Pessi A. An ancestral host defence peptide within human β-defensin 3 recapitulates the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the full-length molecule. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18450. [PMID: 26688341 PMCID: PMC4685272 DOI: 10.1038/srep18450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Host defence peptides (HDPs) are critical components of innate immunity. Despite their diversity, they share common features including a structural signature, designated "γ-core motif". We reasoned that for each HDPs evolved from an ancestral γ-core, the latter should be the evolutionary starting point of the molecule, i.e. it should represent a structural scaffold for the modular construction of the full-length molecule, and possess biological properties. We explored the γ-core of human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) and found that it: (a) is the folding nucleus of HBD3; (b) folds rapidly and is stable in human serum; (c) displays antibacterial activity; (d) binds to CD98, which mediates HBD3 internalization in eukaryotic cells; (e) exerts antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus; and (f) is not toxic to human cells. These results demonstrate that the γ-core within HBD3 is the ancestral core of the full-length molecule and is a viable HDP per se, since it is endowed with the most important biological features of HBD3. Notably, the small, stable scaffold of the HBD3 γ-core can be exploited to design disease-specific antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Irene Colavita
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Olga Scudiero
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gerardo Zambrano
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Granata
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.,Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Richard A Urbanowicz
- The School of Life Sciences and the Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- The School of Life Sciences and the Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.,IRCCS-SDN Foundation, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Pessi
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
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Parodi A, Corbo C, Cevenini A, Molinaro R, Palomba R, Pandolfi L, Agostini M, Salvatore F, Tasciotti E. Enabling cytoplasmic delivery and organelle targeting by surface modification of nanocarriers. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1923-40. [PMID: 26139126 PMCID: PMC5561781 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers are designed to specifically accumulate in diseased tissues. In this context, targeting of intracellular compartments was shown to enhance the efficacy of many drugs and to offer new and more effective therapeutic approaches. This is especially true for therapies based on biologicals that must be encapsulated to favor cell internalization, and to avoid intracellular endosomal sequestration and degradation of the payload. In this review, we discuss specific surface modifications designed to achieve cell cytoplasm delivery and to improve targeting of major organelles; we also discuss the therapeutic applications of these approaches. Last, we describe some integrated strategies designed to sequentially overcome the biological barriers that separate the site of administration from the cell cytoplasm, which is the drug's site of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parodi
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Corbo
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Cevenini
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Molinaro
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Clinica Chirurgica I, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Oncologiche e Gastroeterologiche, Università di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Palomba
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Pandolfi
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- College of Materials Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, China
| | - Marco Agostini
- Clinica Chirurgica I, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Oncologiche e Gastroeterologiche, Università di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
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