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Xu X, Yin K, Xu S, Wang Z, Wu R. Mass spectrometry-based methods for investigating the dynamics and organization of the surfaceome: exploring potential clinical implications. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:99-113. [PMID: 38300624 PMCID: PMC10928381 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2314148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cell-surface proteins are extremely important for many cellular events, such as regulating cell-cell communication and cell-matrix interactions. Aberrant alterations in surface protein expression, modification (especially glycosylation), and interactions are directly related to human diseases. Systematic investigation of surface proteins advances our understanding of protein functions, cellular activities, and disease mechanisms, which will lead to identifying surface proteins as disease biomarkers and drug targets. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics methods for global analysis of cell-surface proteins. Then, investigations of the dynamics of surface proteins are discussed. Furthermore, we summarize the studies for the surfaceome interaction networks. Additionally, biological applications of MS-based surfaceome analysis are included, particularly highlighting the significance in biomarker identification, drug development, and immunotherapies. EXPERT OPINION Modern MS-based proteomics provides an opportunity to systematically characterize proteins. However, due to the complexity of cell-surface proteins, the labor-intensive workflow, and the limit of clinical samples, comprehensive characterization of the surfaceome remains extraordinarily challenging, especially in clinical studies. Developing and optimizing surfaceome enrichment methods and utilizing automated sample preparation workflow can expand the applications of surfaceome analysis and deepen our understanding of the functions of cell-surface proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Kejun Yin
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Senhan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Zeyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Ronghu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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2
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Kofsky JM, Babulic JL, Boddington ME, De León González FV, Capicciotti CJ. Glycosyltransferases as versatile tools to study the biology of glycans. Glycobiology 2023; 33:888-910. [PMID: 37956415 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
All cells are decorated with complex carbohydrate structures called glycans that serve as ligands for glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) to mediate a wide range of biological processes. Understanding the specific functions of glycans is key to advancing an understanding of human health and disease. However, the lack of convenient and accessible tools to study glycan-based interactions has been a defining challenge in glycobiology. Thus, the development of chemical and biochemical strategies to address these limitations has been a rapidly growing area of research. In this review, we describe the use of glycosyltransferases (GTs) as versatile tools to facilitate a greater understanding of the biological roles of glycans. We highlight key examples of how GTs have streamlined the preparation of well-defined complex glycan structures through chemoenzymatic synthesis, with an emphasis on synthetic strategies allowing for site- and branch-specific display of glyco-epitopes. We also describe how GTs have facilitated expansion of glyco-engineering strategies, on both glycoproteins and cell surfaces. Coupled with advancements in bioorthogonal chemistry, GTs have enabled selective glyco-epitope editing of glycoproteins and cells, selective glycan subclass labeling, and the introduction of novel biomolecule functionalities onto cells, including defined oligosaccharides, antibodies, and other proteins. Collectively, these approaches have contributed great insight into the fundamental biological roles of glycans and are enabling their application in drug development and cellular therapies, leaving the field poised for rapid expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Kofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jonathan L Babulic
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Marie E Boddington
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | | | - Chantelle J Capicciotti
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, 76 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
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3
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Li Y, Wang M, Hong S. Live-Cell Glycocalyx Engineering. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200707. [PMID: 36642971 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A heavy layer of glycans forms a brush matrix bound to the outside of all the cells in our bodies; it is referred to as the "sugar forest" or glycocalyx. Beyond the increased appreciation of the glycocalyx over the past two decades, recent advances in engineering the glycocalyx on live cells have spurred the creation of cellular drugs and novel medical treatments. The development of new tools and techniques has empowered scientists to manipulate the structures and functions of cell-surface glycans on target cells and endow target cells with desired properties. Herein, we provide an overview of live-cell glycocalyx engineering strategies for controlling the cell-surface molecular repertory to suit therapeutic applications, even though the realm of this field remains young and largely unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mingzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Senlian Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
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4
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Tsang DK, Wang RJ, De Sa O, Ayyaz A, Foerster EG, Bayer G, Goyal S, Trcka D, Ghoshal B, Wrana JL, Girardin SE, Philpott DJ. A single cell survey of the microbial impacts on the mouse small intestinal epithelium. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2108281. [PMID: 35939622 PMCID: PMC9361762 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The small intestinal epithelial barrier inputs signals from the gut microbiota in order to balance physiological inflammation and tolerance, and to promote homeostasis. Understanding the dynamic relationship between microbes and intestinal epithelial cells has been a challenge given the cellular heterogeneity associated with the epithelium and the inherent difficulty of isolating and identifying individual cell types. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing of small intestinal epithelial cells from germ-free and specific pathogen-free mice to study microbe-epithelium crosstalk at the single-cell resolution. The presence of microbiota did not impact overall cellular composition of the epithelium, except for an increase in Paneth cell numbers. Contrary to expectations, pattern recognition receptors and their adaptors were not induced by the microbiota but showed concentrated expression in a small proportion of epithelial cell subsets. The presence of the microbiota induced the expression of host defense- and glycosylation-associated genes in distinct epithelial cell compartments. Moreover, the microbiota altered the metabolic gene expression profile of epithelial cells, consequently inducing mTOR signaling thereby suggesting microbe-derived metabolites directly activate and regulate mTOR signaling. Altogether, these findings present a resource of the homeostatic transcriptional and cellular impact of the microbiota on the small intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek K.L. Tsang
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan J. Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oliver De Sa
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arshad Ayyaz
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Giuliano Bayer
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn Goyal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Trcka
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bibaswan Ghoshal
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey L. Wrana
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen E. Girardin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana J. Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,CONTACT Dana J. Philpott Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Brazil JC, Parkos CA. Finding the sweet spot: glycosylation mediated regulation of intestinal inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:211-222. [PMID: 34782709 PMCID: PMC8591159 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are essential cellular components that facilitate a range of critical functions important for tissue development and mucosal homeostasis. Furthermore, specific alterations in glycosylation represent important diagnostic hallmarks of cancer that contribute to tumor cell dissociation, invasion, and metastasis. However, much less is known about how glycosylation contributes to the pathobiology of inflammatory mucosal diseases. Here we will review how epithelial and immune cell glycosylation regulates gut homeostasis and how inflammation-driven changes in glycosylation contribute to intestinal pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Brazil
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Charles A. Parkos
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Zhu J, Yu Z, He L, Cao X, Ji H, Song X. Mechanism by Which MC Controls Harmful Algal Blooms Revealed by Cell Morphology of Aureococcus anophagefferens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111191. [PMID: 34769710 PMCID: PMC8583585 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of field experience, a bloom does not continue after treatment with modified clay (MC), even though the residual harmful algal bloom (HAB) biomass accounts for 20–30% of the initial cells. This interesting phenomenon indicates that, in addition to causing flocculation, MC can inhibit the growth of residual cells. Here, from a cell morphology perspective, Aureococcus anophagefferens was used as a model organism to explore this scientific issue and clarify the mechanism by which MC mitigates harmful algal blooms (HABs). The results showed that, at an ~70% removal efficiency, neutral clay (NC) could not effectively inhibit the growth of residual cells, although it caused various forms of damage to residual cells, such as cell deformation, cell breakage, decreased extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), increased cell membrane permeability, and increased cytoplasmic granularity, due to physical collisions. After modification, some physical and chemical properties of the clay particle surface were changed; for example, the surface electrical properties changed from negative to positive, lamellar spacing increased, hardness decreased, adhesion chains increased, adhesion improved, and the number of absorption sites increased, enhancing the occurrence of chemical and electrochemical effects and physical collisions with residual cells, leading to severe cell deformation and chemical cell breakage. Thus, MC effectively inhibited the growth of residual cells and controlled HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.Z.); (L.H.); (X.C.); (H.J.); (X.S.)
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.Z.); (L.H.); (X.C.); (H.J.); (X.S.)
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0532-82898581
| | - Liyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.Z.); (L.H.); (X.C.); (H.J.); (X.S.)
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihua Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.Z.); (L.H.); (X.C.); (H.J.); (X.S.)
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hena Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.Z.); (L.H.); (X.C.); (H.J.); (X.S.)
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiuxian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.Z.); (L.H.); (X.C.); (H.J.); (X.S.)
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Veselinyová D, Mašlanková J, Kalinová K, Mičková H, Mareková M, Rabajdová M. Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133874. [PMID: 34202914 PMCID: PMC8270300 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH. From the first use of in situ techniques, scientists paid attention to the improvement of the probe design and detection, to enhance the fluorescent signal intensity and inhibition of cross-hybrid presence. This article discusses the individual types and modifications, and is focused on explaining the principles and limitations of ISH division on different types of probes. The article describes a design of probes for individual types of in situ hybridization (ISH), as well as the gradual combination of several laboratory procedures to achieve the highest possible sensitivity and to prevent undesirable events accompanying hybridization. The article also informs about applications of the methodology, in practice and in research, to detect cell to cell communication and principles of gene silencing, process of oncogenesis, and many other unknown processes taking place in organisms at the DNA/RNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Veselinyová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (D.V.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Jana Mašlanková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (D.V.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarina Kalinová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (D.V.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Helena Mičková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (D.V.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (D.V.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
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Nuge T, Liu X, Tshai KY, Lim SS, Nordin N, Hoque ME, Liu Z. Accelerated wound closure: Systematic evaluation of cellulose acetate effects on biologically active molecules release from amniotic fluid stem cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:906-919. [PMID: 33826152 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite a lot of intensive research on cell-scaffold interaction, the focus is mainly on the capacity of construct scaffolds to regulate cell mobility, migration, and cytotoxicity. The effect of the scaffold's topographical and material properties on the expression of biologically active compounds from stem cells is not well understood. In this study, the influence of cellulose acetate (CA) on the electrospinnability of gelatin and the roles of gelatin-cellulose acetate (Ge-CA) on modulating the release of biologically active compounds from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) is emphasized. It was found that the presence of a small amount of CA could provide a better microenvironment that mimics AFSCs' niche. However, a large amount of CA exhibited no significant effect on AFSCs migration and infiltration. Further study on the effect of surface topography and mechanical properties on AFSCs showed that the tailored microenvironment provided by the Ge-CA scaffolds had transduced physical cues to biomolecules released into the culture media. It was found that the AFSCs seeded on electrospun scaffolds with less CA proportions have profound effects on the secretion of metabolic compounds compared to those with higher CA contained and gelatin coating. The enhanced secretion of biologically active molecules by the AFSCs on the electrospun scaffolds was proven by the accelerated wound closure on the injured human dermal fibroblast (HDF) model. The rapid HDF cell migration could be anticipated due to a higher level of paracrine factors in AFSCs media. Our study demonstrates that the fibrous topography and mechanical properties of the scaffold are a key material property that modulates the high expression of biologically active compounds from the AFSCs. The discovery elucidates a new aspect of material functions and scaffolds material-AFSC interaction for regulating biomolecules release to promote tissue regeneration/repair. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the scaffolds material-AFSC interaction and the efficacy of scratch assays on quantifying the cell migration in response to the AFSCs metabolic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamrin Nuge
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Kim Yeow Tshai
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Siew Shee Lim
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Norshariza Nordin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Md Enamul Hoque
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ziqian Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
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Mei X, Gu M, Li M. Plasticity of Paneth cells and their ability to regulate intestinal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020. [PMID: 32787930 DOI: 10.1186/s13287‐020‐01857‐7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs) are located at the bottom of small intestinal crypts and play an important role in maintaining the stability of the intestinal tract. Previous studies reported on how PCs shape the intestinal microbiota or the response to the immune system. Recent studies have determined that PCs play an important role in the regulation of the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells. PCs can regulate the function and homeostasis of intestinal stem cells through several mechanisms. On the one hand, under pathological conditions, PCs can be dedifferentiated into stem cells to promote the repair of intestinal tissues. On the other hand, PCs can regulate stem cell proliferation by secreting a variety of hormones (such as wnt3a) or metabolic intermediates. In addition, we summarise key signalling pathways that affect PC differentiation and mutual effect with intestinal stem cells. In this review, we introduce the diverse functions of PCs in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Mei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ming Gu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Meiying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Mei X, Gu M, Li M. Plasticity of Paneth cells and their ability to regulate intestinal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:349. [PMID: 32787930 PMCID: PMC7425583 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs) are located at the bottom of small intestinal crypts and play an important role in maintaining the stability of the intestinal tract. Previous studies reported on how PCs shape the intestinal microbiota or the response to the immune system. Recent studies have determined that PCs play an important role in the regulation of the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells. PCs can regulate the function and homeostasis of intestinal stem cells through several mechanisms. On the one hand, under pathological conditions, PCs can be dedifferentiated into stem cells to promote the repair of intestinal tissues. On the other hand, PCs can regulate stem cell proliferation by secreting a variety of hormones (such as wnt3a) or metabolic intermediates. In addition, we summarise key signalling pathways that affect PC differentiation and mutual effect with intestinal stem cells. In this review, we introduce the diverse functions of PCs in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Mei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ming Gu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Meiying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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11
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Jackson DN, Alula KM, Delgado-Deida Y, Tabti R, Turner K, Wang X, Venuprasad K, Souza RF, Désaubry L, Theiss AL. The Synthetic Small Molecule FL3 Combats Intestinal Tumorigenesis via Axin1-Mediated Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3519-3529. [PMID: 32665357 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer exhibits aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Many inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have been tested for Wnt-dependent cancers including colorectal cancer, but are unsuccessful due to severe adverse reactions. FL3 is a synthetic derivative of natural products called flavaglines, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties in intestinal epithelial cells, but has not been previously tested in cell or preclinical models of intestinal tumorigenesis. In vitro studies suggest that flavaglines target prohibitin 1 (PHB1) as a ligand, but this has not been established in the intestine. PHB1 is a highly conserved protein with diverse functions that depend on its posttranslational modifications and subcellular localization. Here, we demonstrate that FL3 combats intestinal tumorigenesis in the azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate and ApcMin/+ mouse models and in human colorectal cancer tumor organoids (tumoroids) by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling via induction of Axin1 expression. FL3 exhibited no change in cell viability in normal intestinal epithelial cells or human matched-normal colonoids. FL3 response was diminished in colorectal cancer cell lines and human colorectal cancer tumoroids harboring a mutation at S45 of β-catenin. PHB1 deficiency in mice or in human colorectal cancer tumoroids abolished FL3-induced expression of Axin1 and drove tumoroid death. In colorectal cancer cells, FL3 treatment blocked phosphorylation of PHB1 at Thr258, resulting in its nuclear translocation and binding to the Axin1 promoter. These results suggest that FL3 inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling via PHB1-dependent activation of Axin1. FL3, therefore, represents a novel compound that combats Wnt pathway-dependent cancers, such as colorectal cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Targeting of PHB1 by FL3 provides a novel mechanism to combat Wnt-driven cancers, with limited intestinal toxicity. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/17/3519/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota N Jackson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kibrom M Alula
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Yaritza Delgado-Deida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Redouane Tabti
- Laboratory of Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM-University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kevin Turner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, College of Medicine, Dallas, Texas
| | - Xuan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - K Venuprasad
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, College of Medicine, Dallas, Texas
| | - Rhonda F Souza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Laboratory of Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM-University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arianne L Theiss
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Hong S, Shi Y, Wu NC, Grande G, Douthit L, Wang H, Zhou W, Sharpless KB, Wilson IA, Xie J, Wu P. Bacterial glycosyltransferase-mediated cell-surface chemoenzymatic glycan modification. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1799. [PMID: 30996301 PMCID: PMC6470217 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic modification of cell-surface glycan structures has emerged as a complementary approach to metabolic oligosaccharide engineering. Here, we identify Pasteurella multocida α2-3-sialyltransferase M144D mutant, Photobacterium damsela α2-6-sialyltransferase, and Helicobacter mustelae α1-2-fucosyltransferase, as efficient tools for live-cell glycan modification. Combining these enzymes with Helicobacter pylori α1-3-fucosyltransferase, we develop a host-cell-based assay to probe glycan-mediated influenza A virus (IAV) infection including wild-type and mutant strains of H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. At high NeuAcα2-6-Gal levels, the IAV-induced host-cell death is positively correlated with haemagglutinin (HA) binding affinity to NeuAcα2-6-Gal. Remarkably, an increment of host-cell-surface sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) exacerbates the killing by several wild-type IAV strains and a previously engineered mutant HK68-MTA. Structural alignment of HAs from HK68 and HK68-MTA suggests formation of a putative hydrogen bond between Trp222 of HA-HK68-MTA and the C-4 hydroxyl group of the α1-3-linked fucose of sLeX, which may account for the enhanced host cell killing of that mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlian Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas C Wu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Geramie Grande
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lacey Douthit
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Wen Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - K Barry Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Brown Y, Hua S, Tanwar PS. Extracellular matrix-mediated regulation of cancer stem cells and chemoresistance. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 109:90-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Dias AM, Pereira MS, Padrão NA, Alves I, Marcos-Pinto R, Lago P, Pinho SS. Glycans as critical regulators of gut immunity in homeostasis and disease. Cell Immunol 2018; 333:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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