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Evaluation of the Impact of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Soybean Seed Germination. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010177. [PMID: 33477930 PMCID: PMC7833387 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to define the effects of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (CAPP) exposure on seed germination of an agriculturally important crop, soybean. Seed treatment with lower doses of CAPP generated in ambient air and oxygen significantly increased the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (Krebs cycle enzyme), proving the switching of the germinating seed metabolism from anoxygenic to oxygenic. In these treatments, a positive effect on seed germination was documented (the percentage of germination increased by almost 20% compared to the untreated control), while the seed and seedling vigour was also positively affected. On the other hand, higher exposure times of CAPP generated in a nitrogen atmosphere significantly inhibited succinate dehydrogenase activity, but stimulated lactate and alcohol dehydrogenase activities, suggesting anoxygenic metabolism. It was also found that plasma exposure caused a slight increment in the level of primary DNA damage in ambient air- and oxygen-CAPP treatments, and more significant DNA damage was found in nitrogen-CAPP treatments. Although a higher level of DNA damage was also detected in the negative control (untreated seeds), this might be associated with the age of seeds followed by their lower germination capacity (with the germination percentage reaching only about 60%).
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Nanasato Y, Namiki S, Oshima M, Moriuchi R, Konagaya KI, Seike N, Otani T, Nagata Y, Tsuda M, Tabei Y. Biodegradation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane by transgenic hairy root cultures of Cucurbita moschata that accumulate recombinant bacterial LinA. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1963-1974. [PMID: 27295266 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
γ-HCH was successfully degraded using LinA-expressed transgenic hairy root cultures of Cucurbita moschata . Fusing an endoplasmic reticulum-targeting signal peptide to LinA was essential for stable accumulation in the hairy roots. The pesticide γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that raises public health and environmental pollution concerns worldwide. Although several isolates of γ-HCH-degrading bacteria are available, inoculating them directly into γ-HCH-contaminated soil is ineffective because of the bacterial survival rate. Cucurbita species incorporate significant amounts of POPs from soils compared with other plant species. Here, we describe a novel bioremediation strategy that combines the bacterial degradation of γ-HCH and the efficient uptake of γ-HCH by Cucurbita species. We produced transgenic hairy root cultures of Cucurbita moschata that expressed recombinant bacterial linA, isolated from the bacterium Sphingobium japonicum UT26. The LinA protein was accumulated stably in the hairy root cultures by fusing an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting signal peptide to LinA. Then, we demonstrated that the cultures degraded more than 90 % of γ-HCH (1 ppm) overnight and produced the γ-HCH metabolite 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, indicating that LinA degraded γ-HCH. These results indicate that the gene linA has high potential for phytoremediation of environmental γ-HCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Nanasato
- Genetically Modified Organism Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
- Forest Bio-Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan.
| | - Sayuri Namiki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
- Organochemicals Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Masao Oshima
- Genetically Modified Organism Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Ryota Moriuchi
- Department of Environmental Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Konagaya
- Genetically Modified Organism Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
- Forest Bio-Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Seike
- Organochemicals Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Takashi Otani
- Organochemicals Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagata
- Department of Environmental Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuda
- Department of Environmental Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tabei
- Genetically Modified Organism Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
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Lanier C, Manier N, Cuny D, Deram A. The comet assay in higher terrestrial plant model: Review and evolutionary trends. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 207:6-20. [PMID: 26327498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The comet assay is a sensitive technique for the measurement of DNA damage in individual cells. Although it has been primarily applied to animal cells, its adaptation to higher plant tissues significantly extends the utility of plants for environmental genotoxicity research. The present review focuses on 101 key publications and discusses protocols and evolutionary trends specific to higher plants. General consensus validates the use of the percentage of DNA found in the tail, the alkaline version of the test and root study. The comet protocol has proved its effectiveness and its adaptability for cultivated plant models. Its transposition in wild plants thus appears as a logical evolution. However, certain aspects of the protocol can be improved, namely through the systematic use of positive controls and increasing the number of nuclei read. These optimizations will permit the increase in the performance of this test, namely when interpreting mechanistic and physiological phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lanier
- Université Lille 2, EA 4483, Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France; Université Lille 2, Faculté Ingénierie et Management de la Santé (ILIS), EA 4483, 42, Rue Ambroise Paré, 59120 Loos, France
| | - Nicolas Manier
- INERIS, Parc Technologique ALATA, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Damien Cuny
- Université Lille 2, Faculté Ingénierie et Management de la Santé (ILIS), EA 4483, 42, Rue Ambroise Paré, 59120 Loos, France
| | - Annabelle Deram
- Université Lille 2, EA 4483, Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France; Université Lille 2, Faculté Ingénierie et Management de la Santé (ILIS), EA 4483, 42, Rue Ambroise Paré, 59120 Loos, France.
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Hu Y, Li J, Yang L, Nan W, Cao X, Bi Y. Inhibition of root growth by narciclasine is caused by DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest in lettuce seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:1113-24. [PMID: 24482192 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Narciclasine (NCS) is an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid isolated from Narcissus tazetta bulbs. Its phytotoxic effects on plant growth were examined in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings. Results showed that high concentrations (0.5-5 μM) of NCS restricted the growth of lettuce roots in a dose-dependent manner. In NCS-treated lettuce seedlings, the following changes were detected: reduction of mitotic cells and cell elongation in the mature region, inhibition of proliferation of meristematic cells, and cell cycle. Moreover, comet assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay indicated that higher levels NCS (0.5-5 μM) induced DNA damage in root cells of lettuce. The decrease in meristematic cells and increase in DNA damage signals in lettuce roots in responses to NCS are in a dose-dependent manner. NCS-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation may explain an increase in DNA damage in lettuce roots. Thus, the restraint of root growth is due to cell cycle arrest which is caused by NCS-induced DNA damage. In addition, it was also found that NCS (0.5-5 μM) inhibited the root hair development of lettuce seedlings. Further investigations on the underlying mechanism revealed that both auxin and ethylene signaling pathways are involved in the response of root hairs to NCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
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Juang KW, Lee YI, Lai HY, Wang CH, Chen BC. Copper accumulation, translocation, and toxic effects in grapevine cuttings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 19:1315-22. [PMID: 22090256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0657-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the ecotoxicological effects of copper (Cu) on grapevine are of global concern due to the intensive and long-term application of Cu-based fungicides in vineyards, comparatively little is known about the phytotoxicity, accumulation, and translocation of Cu in grapevines. Therefore, this study was to conduct a hydroponic experiment to determine the influence of solution Cu concentration not only on bioaccumulation and the translocation of Cu in grapevine roots, stems, and leaves, but also on the subsequent growth inhibition of the roots. METHODS Grapevine cuttings were grown for 30 days and then exposed to various Cu concentrations (0.1-50 μM) for 15 days. The dose-response profile was described by a sigmoid Hill equation. Optical microscopy was used to examine the cytotoxicity of Cu on the roots. In addition, bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) and translocation factors (TFs) were calculated from the results of the hydroponic experiment. RESULTS Copper was tolerated by grapevines at a concentration ≤1 μM. The median inhibition concentration (IC(50)) obtained from the Hill model was 3.94 μM (95% confidence interval, 3.65-4.24). From the light micrographs of root tip cells, signs of toxicity including increased vacuolization and plasmolysis were observed at solution Cu concentrations ≥10 μM. In addition, a higher Cu concentration was found in the roots (25-12,000 mg kg(-1)) than in the stems (5-540 mg kg(-1)) and leaves (7-46 mg kg(-1)), indicating a very limited translocation of Cu from the roots to the aboveground parts. CONCLUSIONS This study investigated not only the macroscopic root growth and Cu accumulation by grapevine, but also the microscopic changes in root tissue at the cell level after the exposure experiment. Based on the BAFs and TFs, the grapevine could be considered a Cu-exclusive plant. For toxic effects on the exposure of roots to Cu, this study also revealed that root growth, as well as the histological changes in rhizodermal cells, can be used as phytotoxic indicators of grapevine under Cu stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Juang
- Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan 60004, Republic of China
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San Miguel A, Faure M, Ravanel P, Raveton M. Biological responses of maize (Zea mays) plants exposed to chlorobenzenes. Case study of monochloro-, 1,4-dichloro- and 1,2,4-trichloro-benzenes. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 21:315-24. [PMID: 21947666 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-011-0792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A 7-day-exposure time experiment was designed to investigate the phytotoxicity of chlorobenzenes (CBs) on Zea mays seedlings, focusing on the growth and generation of oxidative stress. Significant growth inhibition (based on biomass gain) was observed for exposure to monochlorobenzene (MCB), dichlorobenzene (DCB) and trichlorobenzene (TCB) concentrations higher than 10 mg l(-1). It would seem that CBs inhibit cell division, since the mitotic index decreased for roots exposed to DCB at 80 mg l(-1) dose (8%) and to all the TCB concentrations tested (20% inhibition). CBs exposure resulting in an increase in the oxidative stress response in maize seedlings [reactive oxygen species like H(2)O(2), antioxidant enzymes (POD, GR), lipid peroxidation] correlated to the compound's degree of chlorination, where damage increasing with the number of chlorine atoms (MCB < DCB < TCB). This biological response was also dependent on the dose-exposure. Z. mays exposed to CBs at concentrations <10 mg l(-1) did not induce sufficient oxidative damage to cause root cell death. Therefore, CBs at current environmental concentrations are unlikely to produce evident phytotoxic effects on Z. mays seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique San Miguel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS no. 5553, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
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Ding L, Jing H, Qin B, Qi L, Li J, Wang T, Liu G. Regulation of cell division and growth in roots of Lactuca sativa L. seedlings by the Ent-Kaurene diterpenoid rabdosin B. J Chem Ecol 2010; 36:553-63. [PMID: 20376693 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-010-9783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rabdosin B, an ent-kaurene diterpenoid purified from the air-dried aerial parts of Isodon japonica (Burm.f) Hara var. galaucocalyx (maxin) Hara, showed a biphasic, dose-dependent effect on root growth and a strong inhibitory effect on root hair development in lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.). Lower concentrations of rabdosin B (20-80 microM) significantly promoted root growth, but its higher levels at 120-200 microM, by contrast, had inhibitory effects. Additionally, all tested concentrations (10-40 microM) inhibited root hair development of seedlings in a dose-dependent manner. Further investigations on the underlying mechanism revealed that the promotion effect of rabdosin B at the lower concentrations resulted from increasing the cell length in the mature region and enhancing the mitotic activity of meristematic cells in seedlings' root tips. In contrast, rabdosin B at higher concentrations inhibited root growth by affecting both cell length in the mature region and division of meristematic cells. Comet assay and cell cycle analysis demonstrated that the decrease of mitotic activity of root meristematic cells was due to DNA damage induced cell cycle retardation of the G(2) phase and S phase at different times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, No. 967 Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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Ojima Y, Nishioka M, Matsumoto M, Taya M. Quantification of DNA damage by the comet assay in radish sprouts exposed to excess light irradiation. Biochem Eng J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu W, Zhu LS, Wang J, Wang JH, Xie H, Song Y. Assessment of the genotoxicity of endosulfan in earthworm and white clover plants using the comet assay. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2009; 56:742-6. [PMID: 19306081 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-009-9309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Endosulfan, as one of the most widely used organochlorine pesticides in the world, has increased the public concern about genotoxicity in soil ecosystems. The comet assay has been widely used in the fields of genetic toxicology and environmental biomonitoring. In the present study we conducted comet assay of endosulfan in earthworm (Eisenia foetida) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.), which are sensitive organisms suitable for acting as a bioindicator for agricultural ecosystems. Earthworms were exposed to endosulfan concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mg/kg in the soil. White clover roots were immersed in hydroponic pots containing nutrient solutions of different endosulfan concentrations: 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mg/L. Tissues from each treatment were collected on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days of treatment process. Significant effects (p < 0.01) of both concentrations and times of exposure were observed. And endosulfan induced DNA damage in earthworm and white clover nuclei. The comet assay can be used as a reliable tool for early detection of endosulfan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Zhou S, Wei C, Liao C, Wu H. Damage to DNA of effective microorganisms by heavy metals: impact on wastewater treatment. J Environ Sci (China) 2008; 20:1514-1518. [PMID: 19209641 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)62558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The research is to test the damage to DNA of effective microorganisms (EMs) by heavy metal ions As3+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+, as well as the effects of EM bacteria on wastewater treatment capability when their DNA is damaged. The approach applied in this study is to test with COMET assay the damage of EM DNA in wastewater with different concentrations of heavy metal ions As3+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, as well as the effects of EM treated with As3+, Cd2+, Cr3+, CU2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ on COD degrading capability in wastewater. The results showed that the damage of the DNA of EM were negatively correlated with their treatment capability and that EM bacteria maximum tolerant concentrations of these heavy metal ions was at 0.05 mg/L for As3+, 0.2 mg/L for Hg2+, 0.5 mg/L for Cd2+, Cr3+, and Cu2+, and 1 mg/L for Pb2+ and Zn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Ge C, Wan D, Wang Z, Ding Y, Wang Y, Shang Q, Ma F, Luo S. A proteomic analysis of rice seedlings responding to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene stress. J Environ Sci (China) 2008; 20:309-319. [PMID: 18595398 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)60049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The proteomic analysis of rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots and leaves responding to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) stress was carried out by two dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometric (MS), and protein database analysis. The results showed that 5 mg/L TCB stress had a significant effect on global proteome in rice roots and leaves. The analysis of the category and function of TCB stress inducible proteins showed that different kinds of responses were produced in rice roots and leaves, when rice seedlings were exposed to 5 mg/L TCB stress. Most responses are essential for rice defending the damage of TCB stress. These responses include detoxication of toxic substances, expression of pathogenesis-related proteins, synthesis of cell wall substances and secondary compounds, regulation of protein and amino acid metabolism, activation of methionine salvage pathway, and also include osmotic regulation and phytohormone metabolism. Comparing the TCB stress inducible proteins between the two cultivars, the beta-glucosidase and pathogenesis-related protein family 10 proteins were particularly induced by TCB stress in the roots of rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.) Aizaizhan, and the glutathione S-transferase and aci-reductone dioxygenase 4 were induced in the roots of rice cultivar Shanyou 63. This may be one of the important mechanisms for Shanyou 63 having higher tolerance to TCB stress than Aizaizhan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailin Ge
- Jiangsu Provencial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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