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Niu L, Qin X, Wang L, Guo N, Cao H, Li H, Zhao C, Wang H, Fu Y. Upgrading the accumulation of ginsenoside Rd in Panax notoginseng by a novel glycosidase-producing endophytic fungus G11-7. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 68:441-452. [PMID: 36571675 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-01020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel endophytic fungus producing beta-glucosidase was isolated and characterized from pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millsp.), which has excellent properties in converting ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rd in Panax notoginseng. According to the 16S rDNA gene sequence, the G11-7 strain was identified as Fusarium proliferatum, and the accession number KY303906 was confirmed in GenBank. The G11-7 immobilized spores, in which the activity of beta-glucosidase could reach 0.95 U/mL, were co-cultured with P. notoginseng plant material to obtain a continuous beta-glucosidase supply for the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 to Rd. Under the liquid-solid ratio (20:1), initial pH (6.0), and temperature (30 °C) constituents, the maximum ginsenoside Rd yield was obtained as 9.15 ± 0.65 mg/g, which was 3.67-fold higher than that without fungal spore co-culture (2.49 ± 0.98 mg/g). Furthermore, immobilized G11-7 spores showed significant beta-glucosidase producing ability which could be recovered and reused for 6 cycles. Overall, these results suggested that immobilized G11-7 offered a promising and effective approach to enhance the production of ginsenoside Rd for possible nutraceutical and pharmaceutical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Niu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.,Medicinal Plant Cultivation Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangyu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Litao Wang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Guo
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanghang Li
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China. .,The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Wu R, Yao F, Li X, Shi C, Zang X, Shu X, Liu H, Zhang W. Manganese Pollution and Its Remediation: A Review of Biological Removal and Promising Combination Strategies. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2411. [PMID: 36557664 PMCID: PMC9781601 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn), as a cofactor of multiple enzymes, exhibits great significance to the human body, plants and animals. It is also a critical raw material and alloying element. However, extensive employment for industrial purposes leads to its excessive emission into the environment and turns into a significant threat to the ecosystem and public health. This review firstly introduces the essentiality, toxicity and regulation of Mn. Several traditional physicochemical methods and their problems are briefly discussed as well. Biological remediation, especially microorganism-mediated strategies, is a potential alternative for remediating Mn-polluted environments in a cost-efficient and eco-friendly manner. Among them, microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), biosorption, bioaccumulation, bio-oxidation are discussed in detail, including their mechanisms, pivotal influencing factors along with strengths and limitations. In order to promote bioremediation efficiency, the combination of different techniques is preferable, and their research progress is also summarized. Finally, we propose the future directions of Mn bioremediation by microbes. Conclusively, this review provides a scientific basis for the microbial remediation performance for Mn pollution and guides the development of a comprehensive competent strategy towards practical Mn remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hengwei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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3
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Hu J, Yan J, Wu L, Bao Y, Yu D, Li J. Insight into halotolerance of a robust heterotrophic nitrifying and aerobic denitrifying bacterium Halomonas salifodinae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:126925. [PMID: 35272037 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies toward biotreating hypersaline wastewater containing different salts and halotolerant mechanism of robust strains are important but still rare. Here an isolated bacterium Halomonas salifodinae can perform simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) at 15% salinity, showing high nitrogen removal efficiencies of over 98% via response surface methodology optimization. Besides NaCl, this robust strain had high resistance to other salts (KCl, Na2SO4, and K2SO4) and can efficiently remove nitrogen in saline wastewater containing heavy metals such as Fe(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI), Ni(II), and Cu(II). After repeated-batch culturing at different salinities, the treated strains with different halotolerant capabilities were used as single strain model to study halotolerant mechanism via metabolic analysis. The halotolerant bacterium can convert D-proline and glutamic acid to glutamine as well as lactulose to trehalose. The accumulated intracellular compatible solutes can resist high osmotic pressure and bound water molecule in hypersaline wastewater to accomplish high-efficiency SND processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Jiabao Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Ling Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Yanzhou Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Danqing Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China.
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4
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Wang X, Yang H, Geng L, Liu X. Analyzing the effect of storage conditions on anammox recovery performance from the perspectives of time, temperature and biomass form. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151577. [PMID: 34801501 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different storage conditions, such as temperature, storage time and biomass form, on the properties of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) were investigated along with the identification of the process mechanism. The results showed that the influence of storage time on anammox properties was stronger than that of storage temperature and biomass form. Also, the anammox recovery activity at 15 °C was better than that at 4 °C, and the anammox recovery activity of immobilized filler was better than that of anammox granular sludge (AnGS). Although cryogenic storage severely damaged anammox activity, lower loss of extracellular polymeric substances maintained the AnGS structure. The maximum recovery of specific anammox activity at 15 °C for the immobilized filler was observed to be 109%. In addition, intermittent substrate supplementation weakened the adverse effect of long-term storage on anammox activity, and was conducive to maintaining stable flora composition and promoting regeneration of anammox bacteria (AnAOB). High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that starvation resulted in increased community diversity, and the functional bacteria Candidatus Brocadia was observed to be more tolerant to starvation than Candidatus Kuenenia. Finally, principal component analysis was used to explain the complex relationship between process performance and preservation conditions. Based on the results of this work, it is recommended to preserve AnAOB in the form of immobilized filler at 15 °C and supplement substrate intermittently during long term storage. This study provides an economical and robust strategy for the short-term and long-term preservation of AnAOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - LiangHan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - XuYan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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An Q, Zhang C, Zhao B, Li Z, Deng S, Wang T, Jin L. Insight into synergies between Acinetobacter sp. AL-6 and pomelo peel biochar in a hybrid process for highly efficient manganese removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148609. [PMID: 34182459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The manganese contamination of groundwater is a global issue that needs to be solved urgently. In this study, a hybrid process between pomelo peel biochar(BC) and Acinetobacter sp. AL-6 (strain AL-6) was established to remove manganese from water. The results showed that microbe-biochar composite had removed 98.19% of manganese (800 mg L-1) within 48 h. Compared with two separate systems (biochar, strain AL-6), the co-system (strain AL-6 and BC composite) had an excellent synergy effect on manganese removal. The average removal rate of manganese in the synergistic system was 14.08 mg L-1 h-1, which was 6.41 times higher than strain AL-6, 3.45 times higher than biochar, and even at 2.24 times their sum. In addition, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the bioassay indicated that many strains were attached to biochar and had vigorous biological activity. The FTIR results showed that the functional groups of OH, CO, CO, CH2, and CH played a vital role in removing manganese. And the correlation analysis shows that biochar with strains AL-6 has a highly synergistic effect on manganese removal. Meanwhile, the composite material can maintain excellent manganese removal efficiency under different pH conditions. Besides, in the sequence batch reactor (SBR) inoculating with the microbe-biochar composite, more than 96% of manganese was removed, which far exceeded the treatment efficiency of free bacteria in the SBR. Hence, biochar-immobilized AL-6 has great potential and can be applied to degrade manganese polluted wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang An
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenyi Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuman Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Jin
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
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6
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Cai Z, Li H, Pu S, Ke J, Wang D, Liu Y, Chen J, Guo R. Development of autotrophic and heterotrophic consortia via immobilized microbial beads for chemical wastewater treatment, using PTA wastewater as an approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:131001. [PMID: 34289638 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the symbiosis of microalgae-bacteria have been accelerating as a mean for wastewater remediation. However, there were few reports about the microalgae-bacteria consortia for chemical wastewater treatment. The aim of the present study is to develop an autotrophic and heterotrophic consortium for chemical wastewater treatment and probe whether and how bacteria could benefit from the microalgae during the treatment process, using PTA wastewater as an approach. A process-dependent strategy was applied. First of all, the results showed that the sludge beads with the sludge concentration of 30 g/L were the optimal one with the COD removal rate at 84.8% but the ceiling effect occurred (COD removal rate < 90%) even several common reinforcement methods were applied. Additionally, by adding the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, a microalgae-activated sludge consortium was formed inside the immobilized beads, which provided better performance to shatter the ceiling effect. The COD remove rate was higher than 90%, regardless of the activated sludge was pre-culture or not. COD removal capacity could also be improved (COD removal rate > 92%) when LEDs light belt was offered as an advanced light condition. Biochemical assay and DNA analysis indicated that the microalgae could form an internal circulation of substances within the activated sludge and drove the microbial community to success and the corresponding gene functions, like metabolism and.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Cai
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Research Institute of Nanjing Chemical Industry Group, Nanjing, 210048, China
| | - Shaochen Pu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jian Ke
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Research Institute of Nanjing Chemical Industry Group, Nanjing, 210048, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Ruixin Guo
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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7
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Wang Y, Li B, Li Y, Chen X. Research progress on enhancing the performance of autotrophic nitrogen removal systems using microbial immobilization technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145136. [PMID: 33609842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The autotrophic nitrogen removal process has great potential to be applied to the biological removal of nitrogen from wastewater, but its application is hindered by its unstable operation under adverse environmental conditions, such as those presented by low temperatures, high organic matter concentrations, or the presence of toxic substances. Granules and microbial entrapment technology can effectively retain and enrich microbial assemblages in reactors to improve operating efficiency and reactor stability. The carriers can also protect the reactor's internal microorganisms from interference from the external environment. This article critically reviews the existing literature on autotrophic nitrogen removal systems using immobilization technology. We focus our discussion on the natural aggregation process (granulation) and entrapment technology. The selection of carrier materials and entrapment methods are identified and described in detail and the mechanisms through which entrapment technology protects microorganisms are analyzed. This review will provide a better understanding of the mechanisms through which immobilization operates and the prospects for immobilization technology to be applied in autotrophic nitrogen removal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoguo Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Wang J, Liang J, Sun L, Shen J, Wang M. Achieving reliable partial nitrification and anammox process using polyvinyl alcohol gel beads to treat low-strength ammonia wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 324:124669. [PMID: 33445011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel beads were used to aid the partial nitrification and anammox process (PN/A) for treating low-strength ammonia wastewater. When treating synthetic and municipal wastewater, the reactor amended with PVA gel beads achieved a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 75.1 ± 8.4% and 66.6 ± 7.0% respectively, while the control reactor without PVA gel beads achieved 63.2 ± 7.8% and 28.2 ± 11.5% respectively. Dissolved oxygen (<0.5 mg O2 L-1) and substrate diffusion in porous PVA gel beads facilitated the formation of microbial stratification in the gel beads. Unclassified Candidatus Brocadiaceae (major anammox bacteria) and Ignavibacterium (major ammonia oxidizing bacteria) enriched in the inside and outside layers of PVA gel beads, which benefited the synergetic cooperation of these bacteria and protecting them from environmental fluctuations. This study provides a promising solution for achieving a reliable PN/A process in mainstream wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jidong Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Li Sun
- China Qiyuan Engineering Corporation, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Jianqing Shen
- Tong Xiang Small Boss Special Plastic Products Co. Ltd, Tongxiang 314500, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering and EMS Energy Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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9
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Effect of biomass immobilization and reduced graphene oxide on the microbial community changes and nitrogen removal at low temperatures. Sci Rep 2021; 11:840. [PMID: 33436937 PMCID: PMC7804202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The slow growth rate and high optimal temperatures for the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria are significant limitations of the anammox processes application in the treatment of mainstream of wastewater entering wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In this study, we investigate the nitrogen removal and microbial community changes in sodium alginate (SA) and sodium alginate–reduced graphene oxide (SA-RGO) carriers, depending on the process temperature, with a particular emphasis on the temperature close to the mainstream of wastewater entering the WWTP. The RGO addition to the SA matrix causes suppression of the beads swelling, which intern modifies the mechanical properties of the gel beads. The effect of the temperature drop on the nitrogen removal rate was reduced for biomass entrapped in SA and SA-RGO gel beads in comparison to non-immobilized biomass, this suggests a ‘‘protective” effect caused by immobilization. However, analyses performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and qPCR revealed that the microbial community composition and relative gene abundance changed significantly, after the implementation of the new process conditions. The microbial community inside the gel beads was completely remodelled, in comparison with inoculum, and denitrification contributed to the nitrogen transformation inside the beads.
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Lin L, Pratt S, Crick O, Xia J, Duan H, Ye L. Salinity effect on freshwater Anammox bacteria: Ionic stress and ion composition. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116432. [PMID: 33068907 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biggest challenge to apply Anammox to treat wastewater with elevated salt content is the inhibitory effect of salinity on freshwater Anammox bacteria (FAB). Most of the research into salinity inhibition has focused on the osmotic pressure effect, while the inhibitory effect and its mechanisms induced by ion composition are poorly understood. In this study, the individual and combined effect of NaCl, KCl and Na2SO4 on FAB (>99% belonging to Ca. Brocadia genera) were systematically investigated by batch tests. The corresponding responses of mRNA abundance of three functional genes (including nitrite reductase gene (nirS), hydrazine synthase gene (hzsB) and hydrazine dehydrogenase gene (hdh)) under different salt conditions were analyzed. The results indicated that NaCl, KCl and Na2SO4 have different inhibition effects, with the 50% inhibition at 0.106, 0.096 and 0.063 M, respectively. The combined inhibition of NaCl+KCl and NaCl+Na2SO4 on FAB were both synergistic; while the combined inhibition of NaCl+KCl+Na2SO4 was additive. The responses of mRNA (of genes: nirS, hzsB and hdh) suggested NaCl inhibited the transport of ammonium; Na2SO4 inhibited both nitrite and ammonium transport; high salinity inhibited functional enzyme activity. These results suggest both ionic stress and ion composition contributed to the observed inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Steven Pratt
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Oliver Crick
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Xia
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haoran Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Liu Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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11
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Screening and Immobilizing the Denitrifying Microbes in Sediment for Bioremediation. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, immobilized microbial beads were proposed as a solution for excessive nitrogen concentration of the river sediment. The predominant denitrifying microbes were screened from the river sediment. The optimized production of immobilized microbial beads and long-term nitrogen removal efficiency were investigated. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that denitrifying bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Proteiniclasticum, Achromobacter and Methylobacillus were dominant microflora in the enriched microbial agent, which accounted for 94.43% of the total microbes. Pseudomonas belongs to Gammaproteo bacteria, accounting for 49.22% and functioned as the most predominant denitrifying bacteria. The material concentration of 8% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5% sodium alginate and 12.5% microbial biomass were found to be the optimal immobilizing conditions. The NH4+-N and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates in sediment with dosing immobilized microbial beads were estimated as 68.1% and 67.8%, respectively, when compared to the dosing liquid microbial agent were 50.5% and 49.3%. Meanwhile, the NH4+-N and TN removal rates in overlying water went up from 53.14% to 59.69% and from 68.03% to 78.13%, respectively, by using immobilized microbial beads.
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12
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Zhao L, She Z, Jin C, Yang S, Guo L, Zhao Y, Gao M. Characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances from sludge and biofilm in a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification system under high salinity stress. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1375-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Papp B, Török T, Sándor E, Fekete E, Flipphi M, Karaffa L. High cell density cultivation of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2015; 61:191-8. [PMID: 26358065 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-015-0425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrosomonas europaea is a chemolithoautotrophic nitrifier, a gram-negative bacterium that can obtain all energy required for growth from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, and this may be beneficial for various biotechnological and environmental applications. However, compared to other bacteria, growth of ammonia oxidizing bacteria is very slow. A prerequisite to produce high cell density N. europaea cultures is to minimize the concentrations of inhibitory metabolic by-products. During growth on ammonia nitrite accumulates, as a consequence, N. europaea cannot grow to high cell concentrations under conventional batch conditions. Here, we show that single-vessel dialysis membrane bioreactors can be used to obtain substantially increased N. europaea biomasses and substantially reduced nitrite levels in media initially containing high amounts of the substrate. Dialysis membrane bioreactor fermentations were run in batch as well as in continuous mode. Growth was monitored with cell concentration determinations, by assessing dry cell mass and by monitoring ammonium consumption as well as nitrite formation. In addition, metabolic activity was probed with in vivo acridine orange staining. Under continuous substrate feed, the maximal cell concentration (2.79 × 10(12)/L) and maximal dry cell mass (0.895 g/L) achieved more than doubled the highest values reported for N. europaea cultivations to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedek Papp
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Török
- Safety and Environmental Department, TEVA Pharmaceutical Ltd., H-4032, Pallagi u. 13, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Sándor
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Böszörményi út 138, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Fekete
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Michel Flipphi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Karaffa
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Jiang R, Wang M, Xue J, Xu N, Hou G, Zhang W. Cytotoxicity of sulfurous acid on cell membrane and bioactivity of Nitrosomonas europaea. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 119:896-901. [PMID: 25240954 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrosomonas europaea, an ammonia oxidizing bacterium, was chosen as a research model to study the alteration of cell membrane in the presence of sulfurous acid and biodegradation of acetochlor. Significant changes of the outer cell membrane were observed in the presence of sulfurous acid using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The fluorescence polarization has shown a significant decrease in membrane fluidity and the increase of permeability of cell membrane. Lysozyme experiment show the cell becomes easily influenced by substance in medium. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements show considerable amount of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) in the supernatant from the sulfurous acid exposed cells. Sulfurous acid treatment enhanced the ability of N. europaea to degrade acetochlor. On this basis, it can be concluded that the increased cell permeability is favor for the absorbability of nutrition. As a result, N. europaea grows faster and the biodegradation efficiency was improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
| | - Mingqing Wang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jianliang Xue
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
| | - Ning Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Wubing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
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15
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Zeng G, Zhang J, Chen Y, Yu Z, Yu M, Li H, Liu Z, Chen M, Lu L, Hu C. Relative contributions of archaea and bacteria to microbial ammonia oxidation differ under different conditions during agricultural waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:9026-9032. [PMID: 21843932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the relative contribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) to nitrification during agricultural waste composting. The AOA and AOB amoA gene abundance and composition were determined by quantitative PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), respectively. The results showed that the archaeal amoA gene was abundant throughout the composting process, while the bacterial amoA gene abundance decreased to undetectable level during the thermophilic and cooling stages. DGGE showed more diverse archaeal amoA gene composition when the potential ammonia oxidation (PAO) rate reached peak values. A significant positive relationship was observed between the PAO rate and the archaeal amoA gene abundance (R²=0.554; P<0.001), indicating that archaea dominated ammonia oxidation during the thermophilic and cooling stages. Bacteria were also related to ammonia oxidation activity (R²=0.503; P=0.03) especially during the mesophilic and maturation stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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