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Wang Q, Gu X, Tang S, Mohammad A, Singh DN, Xie H, Chen Y, Zuo X, Sun Z. Gas transport in landfill cover system: A critical appraisal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:116020. [PMID: 36104890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Landfill gas (LFG) emission is gaining more attention from the scientific fraternity and policymakers recently due to its threat to the atmosphere and human health of the populace living in surrounding premises. Though landfill cover (LFC) (viz., daily, intermittent and final cover) is widely used by landfill operators to mitigate or reduce these emissions, their overall performance is still under question. A critical analysis of available literature, primarily pertaining to (i) the composition of the landfill gases and their migration in the LFC system, (ii) experimental and mathematical investigations of the transport mechanism of gas and (iii) the impact of additives to cover soils on transport and fate of gas, has been conducted and presented in this manuscript. Investigation of the efficiency of modified soil was mainly focused on laboratory test. More field tests and application of amended cover soils should be conducted and promoted further. Studies on nitrous oxide and emerging pollutants, including poly-fluoroalkyl substances transport in landfill cover system are limited and need further research. The transport mechanisms of these unconventional contaminants should be considered regarding the selection of LFC materials including geomembrane and geosynthetic clay liners. The existing analytical and numerical models can provide a basic understanding of LFG transport mechanisms and are able to predict the migration behaviour of LFG; however, there are still knowledge gaps concerning the interaction between different species of the gas molecule when modeling multi-component gas transport. Gas transport through fractured cover should also be considered when evaluating LFG emission in the future. Simplified design method for landfill cover system regarding LFG emission based on analytical models should be proposed. Overall, mathematical models combined with experiments can facilitate more visualized and intensive insights, which would be instrumental in devising climate adaptive landfill covers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Xiting Gu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, 310058, China; Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co. Ltd, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suqin Tang
- Hangzhou Environmental Group, 138-1 Linban Road, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Arif Mohammad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Devendra Narain Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Haijian Xie
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310007, China; College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yun Chen
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310007, China; Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co. Ltd, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Zuo
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310007, China; College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhilin Sun
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road, Zhoushan, 316021, China; College of Hydraulic Engineering and Architecture, Tarim University, Alaer, 843300, China
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Sughosh P, Sivakumar Babu GL. The Role of Bioreactor Landfill Concept in Waste Management in India. J Indian Inst Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-021-00248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Huang D, Yang L, Xu W, Chen Q, Ko JH, Xu Q. Enhancement of the methane removal efficiency via aeration for biochar-amended landfill soil cover. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114413. [PMID: 32220690 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) mitigation of biocovers or biofilters for landfills is influenced by the bed material and oxygen availability. The improvement of active aeration for the CH4 oxidation efficiency of biochar-amended landfill soil cover was investigated over a period of 101 days. There were column 1 as the control group, column 2 with biochar amending the soil cover, and column 3 with daily active aeration besides the same biochar amendment. All groups were inoculated with enriched methane oxidation bacteria (MOB). The average CH4 removal efficiency was up to 78.6%, 85.2% and 90.6% for column 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The depth profiles of CH4 oxidation efficiencies over the whole period also showed that the stimulation of CH4 oxidation by biochar amendment was apparent in the top 35 cm but became very faint after two months. This probably was due to the rapid depletion of nitrogen nutrition caused by enhanced methanotrophic activities. While through aeration, CH4 oxidation efficiency was further improved for column 3 than column 2. This enhancement also lasted for the whole period with a reduced decline of CH4 oxidation. Finally, the major MOB Methylocystis, commonly found in the three columns, were most abundant in the top 35 cm for column 3. A more balanced ratio of MOB and more homogeneous microbial community structures across different soil depths were also the results of active aeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Luning Yang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Qindong Chen
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Jae Hac Ko
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiyong Xu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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Pan J, Wang X, Cao A, Zhao G, Zhou C. Screening methane-oxidizing bacteria from municipal solid waste landfills and simulating their effects on methane and ammonia reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:37082-37091. [PMID: 31745784 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste landfills are not only a crucial source of global greenhouse gas emissions; they also produce large amounts of ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide, and other odorous gases that negatively affect the regional environment. Several types of methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) were proved to be effective in mitigating methane emission from landfills. Nevertheless, more MOB species and their technical parameters for best mitigating methane still need to be explored. In landfills, methane is simultaneously generated with ammonia, which may impede the CH4 bio-oxidizing process of MOB. However, very limited studies examined the enhancement of methane reduction by introducing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in landfills. In this study, two enriched MOB cultures were gained from a typical municipal solid waste landfill, and then were cultured with three strains of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The MOB enrichment culture used in this work includes Methylocaldum, Methylocystaceae, and Methyloversatilis, with a methane oxidation capacity of 43.6-65.0%, and the AOB includes Candida ethanolica, Bacillus cereus, and Alcaligenes faecalis. The effects on the emission reduction of both NH3 and CH4 were measured using self-made landfill-simulating equipment, as MOB, AOB, and a MOB-AOB mixture were added to the soil cover of the simulation equipment. The concentrations of CH4 and NH3 in the MOB-AOB mixture group decreased sharply, and the CH4 and NH3 concentration was 76.4% and 83.7% of the control group level. We also found that addition of AOB can help MOB oxidize CH4 and improve the emission reduction effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Pan
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Aixin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Guozhu Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chuanbin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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Huang D, Yang L, Ko JH, Xu Q. Comparison of the methane-oxidizing capacity of landfill cover soil amended with biochar produced using different pyrolysis temperatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133594. [PMID: 31377353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The in-situ mitigation of methane (CH4) in landfill gas using landfill cover soil (LCS) is a cost-effective approach, but its efficiency needs to be enhanced. In this study, we incorporated an enriched methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) consortium into LCS and established four biochar-amended LCS groups with biochar produced at 300 °C (BC300), 400 °C (BC400), 500 °C (BC500), and 600 °C (BC600). The purpose was to evaluate the CH4 oxidation capacity of biochar-amended LCS after inoculation with MOB and to investigate how the physicochemical properties of biochar that are influenced by the pyrolysis temperature affect the performance and microbial activity of biochar-amended LCS. It was found that a 15% volume ratio (representing a mass ratio of 2.49%-2.78%) for biochar amendment in LCS enhanced CH4 removal efficiency, with the highest removal observed to be 46% for BC400-amended LCS compared to 30% for the original LCS. In addition, CH4 adsorption by the biochar was not observed, and a 15% mass ratio for biochar in the LCS had no or a negative impact. Besides improving the water-holding capacity and gas permeability of LCS, other possible advantages of biochar amendment in terms of CH4 oxidization include greater retention of nutrients, electron acceptors, and exchangeable cations, as well as introducing iron ions. It was also found that CH4 oxidation capacity and the methanotroph activity of biochar-amended LCS did not continue to increase with higher pyrolysis temperatures, even though higher micropore volumes and surface areas were obtained at higher pyrolysis temperatures. From this study, BC400 was identified as the optimal choice for the best performance in terms of enhancing both the CH4 oxidation capacity of the amended LCS and the growth of type II methanotroph Methylocystaceae, which can possibly be attributed to having the highest cation exchange capacity of the four biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Luning Yang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jae Hac Ko
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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6
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Bian R, Shi W, Duan Y, Chai X. Effect of soil types and ammonia concentrations on the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to CH 4 oxidation. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:698-705. [PMID: 31023154 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19843988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation of stabilized landfill leachate to landfill cover soil is a cost-effective operation for leachate treatment. The contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the cover soil to CH4 oxidation, however, is unclear, because AOB and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) can co-oxidize CH4 and NH4+-N. Thus, the contribution of AOB and the inhibitory effect of NH4+-N to CH4 oxidation were determined by using an acetylene pretreatment discrimination method. The results showed that the contributions of AOB to CH4 oxidation varied with the soil type and the concentration of NH4+-N addition. The relative contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation for compost without NH4+-N addition was the highest (65.0%), and was 2.5 and 3.4 times higher than the corresponding values for aged refuse and landfill cover soil, respectively. The inhibitory effect of NH4+-N was enhanced by increasing the concentration of NH4+-N addition for all the soil samples. At equal NH4+-N addition concentrations, the inhibitory effect was always the lowest for the compost sample. The abundances of particulate methane monooxygenase (pmoA) and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes were key factors influencing the CH4 oxidation rate and contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation. The higher abundance of pmoA and lower abundance of amoA in landfill cover soil could explain the higher CH4 oxidation rate and lower contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation in this soil type. Meanwhile, the higher contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation for compost could be attributed to the higher abundance of the amoA gene and lower abundance of pmoA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxing Bian
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, China
| | - Wei Shi
- 2 Xi'an Solid Waste Administration, China
| | | | - Xiaoli Chai
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, China
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Yao XZ, Ma RC, Li HJ, Wang C, Zhang C, Yin SS, Wu D, He XY, Wang J, Zhan LT, He R. Assessment of the major odor contributors and health risks of volatile compounds in three disposal technologies for municipal solid waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 91:128-138. [PMID: 31203934 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal plants pose serious odor pollution and health risks. In this study, the emission of volatile organic compounds and carbon disulfide was compared in the main processing units of three disposal methods, i.e., landfilling, eco-mechanical biological treatment (EMBT) and anaerobic fermentation in a MSW disposal plant. Among the detected volatile compounds (VCs), the top ten odor compounds were methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide, styrene, m-xylene, 4-ethyltoluene, ethylbenzene, 2-hexyl ketone and n-hexane in the MSW disposal plant. Sulfur compounds were the main source of odor at the majority of sampling sites, and aromatic compounds were the dominant odor substrates at the tipping unit and sorting system of EMBT, while 2-hexanone was the major odor substrate at the tipping unit (AT) and sorting system (AS) of anaerobic fermentation and the landfill working surface. At AS and AT, the lifetime cancer risk values for 1,2-dichloroethane and trichloroethylene exceeded the carcinogenic risk value (>1.0E-04), and the hazard index values of naphthalene, trichloroethylene and acrolein all exceeded the acceptable level (>1). Therefore, special attention should be paid to VC emissions from MSW disposal facilities, and protection measures should be adopted for on-site workers to minimize health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zhi Yao
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruo-Chan Ma
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hua-Jun Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yin
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Donglei Wu
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Yue He
- School of Accounting, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Zhejiang Hongcheng Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Liang-Tong Zhan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruo He
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Ahoughalandari B, Cabral AR. Landfill gas distribution at the base of passive methane oxidation biosystems: Transient state analysis of several configurations. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 69:298-314. [PMID: 28826809 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The design process of passive methane oxidation biosystems needs to include design criteria that account for the effect of unsaturated hydraulic behavior on landfill gas migration, in particular, restrictions to landfill gas flow due to the capillary barrier effect, which can greatly affect methane oxidation rates. This paper reports the results of numerical simulations performed to assess the landfill gas flow behavior of several passive methane oxidation biosystems. The concepts of these biosystems were inspired by selected configurations found in the technical literature. We adopted the length of unrestricted gas migration (LUGM) as the main design criterion in this assessment. LUGM is defined as the length along the interface between the methane oxidation and gas distribution layers, where the pores of the methane oxidation layer material can be considered blocked for all practical purposes. High values of LUGM indicate that landfill gas can flow easily across this interface. Low values of LUGM indicate greater chances of having preferential upward flow and, consequently, finding hotspots on the surface. Deficient designs may result in the occurrence of hotspots. One of the designs evaluated included an alternative to a concept recently proposed where the interface between the methane oxidation and gas distribution layers was jagged (in the form of a see-saw). The idea behind this ingenious concept is to prevent blockage of air-filled pores in the upper areas of the jagged segments. The results of the simulations revealed the extent of the capability of the different scenarios to provide unrestricted and conveniently distributed upward landfill gas flow. They also stress the importance of incorporating an appropriate design criterion in the selection of the methane oxidation layer materials and the geometrical form of passive biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Ahoughalandari
- Geoenvironmental Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | - Alexandre R Cabral
- Geoenvironmental Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada.
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He R, Ma RC, Yao XZ, Wei XM. Response of methanotrophic activity to extracellular polymeric substance production and its influencing factors. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 69:289-297. [PMID: 28803765 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) is speculated to be related with the decrease of CH4 oxidation rate after a peak in long-term laboratory landfill covers and biofilters. However, few data have been reported about EPS production of methanotrophs and its feedback effects on methanotrophic activity. In this study, Methylosinus sporium was used asa model methanotroph to investigate EPS production and its influencing factors during CH4 oxidation. The results showed that methanotrophs could secret EPS into the habits during CH4 oxidation and had a negative feedback effect on CH4 oxidation. The EPS amount fitted well with the CH4 oxidation activity with the exponential model. The environmental factors such as pH, temperature, CH4, O2, NO3--N and NH4+-N could affect the EPS production of methanotrophs. When pH, temperature, CH4, O2 and N concentrations (including NO3--N and NH4+-N) were 6.5-7.5, 30-40°C, 10-15%, 10% and 20-140mgL-1, respectively, the high cell growth rate and CH4 oxidation activity of Methylosinus sporium occurred in the media with the low EPS production, which was beneficial to sustainable and efficient CH4 oxidation. In practice, O2-limited condition such as the O2 concentration of 10% might be a good way to control EPS production and enhance CH4 oxidation to mitigate CH4 emission from landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ruo-Chan Ma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xing-Zhi Yao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Chen M, Yao XZ, Ma RC, Song QC, Long Y, He R. Methanethiol generation potential from anaerobic degradation of municipal solid waste in landfills. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:23992-24001. [PMID: 28879507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Volatile sulfur compounds are the main odorants at landfills. In this study, methanethiol (CH3SH) was chosen as a typical volatile organic sulfur compound, and its generation potential was investigated during the anaerobic degradation of the organic fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW) including rice, flour food, vegetable, fish and pork, paper, cellulose textile, and yard wastes. Among the experimental wastes, gas generation was the highest in the fish and pork waste with a high CH3SH concentration of up to 2.5% (v/v). Sulfur reduction in the solid phase was mostly converted into gaseous sulfur compounds. During the whole experiment, the cumulative CH3SH generation from the fish and pork waste was 0.139 L kgdw-1, which was about 2 and 6 orders of magnitude higher than that from the other experimental wastes. The ratio of CH3SH-S to TS reduction was 31.56% in the fish and pork waste. These results would be helpful to understand the generation of volatile sulfur compounds during the anaerobic degradation of MSW and develop techniques to control odor pollution at landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xing-Zhi Yao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruo-Chan Ma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qing-Chuan Song
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuyang Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Ruo He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wei XM, Su Y, Zhang HT, Chen M, He R. Responses of methanotrophic activity, community and EPS production to CH4 and O2 concentrations in waste biocover soils. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 42:118-127. [PMID: 25921582 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biocover soils are known to be a good alternative material to mitigate CH4 emissions from landfills to the atmosphere. In this study, 16 treatments with four O2 concentrations (∼0%, 5%, 10% and 21%) and four CH4 concentrations (i.e. 1%, 10%, 20% and 50%) were conducted to estimate extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production, methanotrophic activity and community in response to CH4 and O2 concentrations in waste biocover soil (WBS). When the CH4 concentration was saturated for CH4 oxidation in the WBS, the continuous exposure of CH4 above the saturated concentrations could not obviously enhance CH4 oxidation activity. In the WBS, extracellular protein (ECP) production was negatively related with the tested CH4 concentrations, while both ECP and extracellular polysaccharides (ECPS) productions were positively related with the tested O2 concentrations. Cloning and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses showed that type I methanotrophs (Methylocaldum, Methylococcaceae, Methylomicrobium and Methylobacter) and type II methanotrophs (Methylosinus) dominated in the WBS. Among them, Methylocaldum and/or Methylococcaceae were sensitive to low O2 concentrations of ∼0%. Methylobacter had propensity to grow at low O2 concentrations of ∼0% and 5%, while Methylosinus preferred environments with high concentrations of CH4 (⩾10%) and O2 (21%). In the tested five environmental variables of ECPS, O2, EPS, CH4 and ECP, only ECPS and O2 concentrations had significant effect on the methanotrophic communities. These results suggested that O2 concentration in landfill covers should be paid more attention to optimize and sustain CH4 oxidation for mitigating CH4 emission from landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Wei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yao Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruo He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Ziyang L, Luochun W, Nanwen Z, Youcai Z. Martial recycling from renewable landfill and associated risks: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 131:91-103. [PMID: 25800380 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Landfill is the dominant disposal choice for the non-classified waste, which results in the stockpile of materials after a long term stabilization process. A novel landfill, namely renewable landfill (RL), is developed and applied as a strategy to recycle the residual materials and reuse the land occupation, aim to reduce the inherent problems of large land occupied, materials wasted and long-term pollutants released in the conventional landfill. The principle means of RL is to accelerate the waste biodegradation process in the initial period, recover the various material resources disposal and extend the landfill volume for waste re-landfilling after waste stabilized. The residual material available and risk assessment, the methodology of landfill excavation, the potential utilization routes for different materials, and the reclamation options for the unsanitary landfill are proposed, and the integrated beneficial impacts are identified finally from the economic, social and environmental perspectives. RL could be draw as the future reservoirs for resource extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou Ziyang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Wang Luochun
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhu Nanwen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhao Youcai
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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13
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Yao Y, Su Y, Wu Y, Liu W, He R. An analytical model for estimating the reduction of methane emission through landfill cover soils by methane oxidation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 283:871-879. [PMID: 25464331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Landfill is an important source of atmospheric methane (CH4). In this study, the development and partial validation are presented for an analytical model for predicting the reduction of CH4 emission in landfill cover soils by CH4 oxidation. The model combines an analytic solution of a coupled oxygen (O2) and CH4 soil gas transport in landfill covers with a piecewise first-order aerobic biodegradation, including the influences of environmental factors such as cover soil thickness, CH4 oxidation and CH4 production rate. Comparison of soil gas concentration profiles with a soil column experiment is provided for a partial validation, and then this model is applied to predict the reduction of CH4 emission through landfill covers in several other cases. A discussion is provided to illustrate the roles of soil layer thickness, reaction rate constant for CH4 oxidation and CH4 production rate in determining CH4 emissions. The results suggest that the increase of cover soil thickness cannot always increase CH4 oxidation rates or removal efficiency, which becomes constant if the thickness of landfill cover soil is larger than a limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Yao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yao Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun Wu
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruo He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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14
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Zhang X, Kong JY, Xia FF, Su Y, He R. Effects of ammonium on the activity and community of methanotrophs in landfill biocover soils. Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 37:296-304. [PMID: 24794017 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The influence of NH4(+) on microbial CH4 oxidation is still poorly understood in landfill cover soils. In this study, effects of NH4(+) addition on the activity and community structure of methanotrophs were investigated in waste biocover soil (WBS) treated by a series of NH4(+)-N contents (0, 100, 300, 600 and 1200mgkg(-1)). The results showed that the addition of NH4(+)-N ranging from 100 to 300mgkg(-1) could stimulate CH4 oxidation in the WBS samples at the first stage of activity, while the addition of an NH4(+)-N content of 600mgkg(-1) had an inhibitory effect on CH4 oxidation in the first 4 days. The decrease of CH4 oxidation rate observed in the last stage of activity could be caused by nitrogen limitation and/or exopolymeric substance accumulation. Type I methanotrophs Methylocaldum and Methylobacter, and type II methanotrophs (Methylocystis and Methylosinus) were abundant in the WBS samples. Of these, Methylocaldum was the main methanotroph in the original WBS. With incubation, a higher abundance of Methylobacter was observed in the treatments with NH4(+)-N contents greater than 300mgkg(-1), which suggested that NH4(+)-N addition might lead to the dominance of Methylobacter in the WBS samples. Compared to type I methanotrophs, the abundance of type II methanotrophs Methylocystis and/or Methylosinus was lower in the original WBS sample. An increase in the abundance of Methylocystis and/or Methylosinus occurred in the last stage of activity, and was likely due to a nitrogen limitation condition. Redundancy analysis showed that NH4(+)-N and the C/N ratio had a significant influence on the methanotrophic community in the WBS sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiao-Yan Kong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fang-Fang Xia
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yao Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruo He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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15
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Xu Q, Powell J, Jain P, Townsend T. Modeling of H2S migration through landfill cover materials. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 264:254-260. [PMID: 24316799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The emission of H2S from landfills in the United States is an emergent problem because measured concentrations within the waste mass and in ambient air have been observed at potentially unsafe levels for on-site workers and at levels that can cause a nuisance and potentially deleterious health impacts to surrounding communities. Though recent research has provided data on H2S concentrations that may be observed at landfills, facility operators and landfill engineers have limited predictive tools to anticipate and plan for potentially harmful H2S emissions. A one-dimensional gas migration model was developed to assist engineers and practitioners better evaluate and predict potential emission levels of H2S based on four factors: concentration of H2S below the landfill surface (C0), advection velocity (v), H2S effective diffusion coefficient (D), and H2S adsorption coefficient of landfill cover soil (μ). Model simulations indicated that H2S migration into the atmosphere can be mitigated by reducing H2S diffusion and advection or using alternative cover soils with a high H2S adsorption coefficient. Laboratory column experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the four parameters on H2S migration in cover soils and to calculate the adsorption coefficient of different cover materials. The model was validated by comparing results with laboratory column experiments. Based on the results, the laboratory column provides an effective way to estimate the H2S adsorption coefficient, which can then be incorporated into the developed model to predict the depth of cover soil required to reduce emitted H2S concentrations below a desired level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyong Xu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Polysilicate Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055 Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jon Powell
- Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC, Gainesville, FL 32605-4282, United States.
| | - Pradeep Jain
- Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC, Gainesville, FL 32605-4282, United States.
| | - Timothy Townsend
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Box 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611-6450, United States.
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