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Smolkin B, Levi N, Chen R. Efficient Decontamination of HD by an Electrophilic Iodine/Carboxylate Composite as an Active Sorbent. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:25329-25336. [PMID: 35910097 PMCID: PMC9330146 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of new and efficient decontamination methods has become more relevant in recent years, especially with regard to solid-based decontamination and detoxification systems. The majority of powders used today are dealing with the physical adsorption of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and their removal from sites without actively destroying them. In this work, we have designed and developed an active solid composite matrix combining organic carboxylate salts and N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) for HD decontamination via oxidation. All the reactions and mechanistic studies for the sorption and degradation of CWAs were conducted using direct polarization and cross polarization solid-state magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Performance toward the sorption and detoxification of HD was tested, exhibiting oxidation within minutes in a mild and selective manner to the nontoxic sulfoxide derivative followed by visible formation of iodine. The results indicate that carboxylate moieties in the matrix are important for stabilizing the positively charged sulfonium ion intermediate and for supplying oxygen for hydrolysis in a water-deficient environment. The NaOBz/NIS composite was shown to be the most efficient in sorbing and converting the water-insoluble agent HD to its nontoxic, water-soluble sulfoxide, which could then be removed from the site with mere water, resulting in less environmental damage and quick remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Smolkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
| | - Noam Levi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
| | - Ravit Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
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2
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Karatepe A, Yemen M, Kayapa F, Yılmaz E, Karipcin F, Soylak M. Vortex-assisted restricted access-based supramolecular solvent microextraction of trace Pb(II) ions with 4-(benzimidazolisonitrosoacetyl)biphenyl as a complexing agent before microsampling flame AAS analysis. Talanta 2022; 248:123651. [PMID: 35671545 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new oxime compound, 4-(benzimidazolisonitrosoacetyl)biphenyl (BIBP) was synthesized and used as a complexing agent in this study to preconcentrate trace amounts of Pb(II) ions with vortex-assisted restricted access-based supramolecular solvent microextraction (RA/SUPRAS-LPME) method. The new complexing agent was characterized by a combination of elemental analyses, Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H- NMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and techniques. Extraction of the complex which was formed at pH 8.0 was done by using a supramolecular solvent phase of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1-decanol. A microsampling flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to measure the lead ion concentrations of the extract. The method optimized and the optimum experimental conditions were found as; pH = 8, amount of the ligand 2,25 mg, supramolecular solvent volume 50 μL, sample volume 20 mL and vortex time 3 min. The limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated as 0.69 μg L-1 and 2.29 μg L-1, respectively. Linear range was found between 15.1 μg L-1 and 606 μg L-1. The developed method was applied to Pb(II) determination in real samples after evaluating the accuracy by using the TMDA-53.3 fortified environmental water sample as certified reference material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Karatepe
- Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Yemen
- Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Faruk Kayapa
- Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yılmaz
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM Erciyes University, Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Karipcin
- Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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Lagasse B, McCann L, Kidwell T, Blais MS, Garcia CD. Decomposition of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants Utilizing Pyrolyzed Cotton Balls as Wicks. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:20051-20061. [PMID: 32832759 PMCID: PMC7439271 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple method to improve the thermal decomposition of chemical warfare agent simulants is reported. Utilizing pyrolyzed cotton balls as a substrate for the delivery of an incendiary agent into a bulk volume of chemical warfare agent simulants, significant enhancements in the burning rates were achieved with respect to either other wicks or the incendiary agent by itself. To perform the decomposition experiments and follow the reaction in real time, while still addressing the important safety considerations related to experiments involving chemical warfare agent simulants and incendiary agents, a simple instrument was assembled in a laboratory hood, where all experiments were performed. Under ambient conditions, this method was able to enhance the decomposition of simulants for both sulfur mustard (HD) and sarin (GB) chemical warfare agents. Overall, the proposed approach represents one of the simplest and more cost-effective ways to improve the decomposition of these dangerous substances, presenting options for field expedient and low-cost processes that could be applied in the near future to the safe destruction of an actual CWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan
A. Lagasse
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 South Palmetto Boulevard, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Life Science, United States
Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, United States
| | - Laura McCann
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 South Palmetto Boulevard, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Timothy Kidwell
- Southwest
Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, Texas 78238, United
States
| | - Matthew S. Blais
- Southwest
Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, Texas 78238, United
States
| | - Carlos D. Garcia
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 South Palmetto Boulevard, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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4
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Šťastný M, Štengl V, Henych J, Tolasz J, Kormunda M, Ederer J, Issa G, Janoš P. Synthesis and characterization of TiO2/Mg(OH)2 composites for catalytic degradation of CWA surrogates. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19542-19552. [PMID: 35515455 PMCID: PMC9054062 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface catalyzed reactions can be a convenient way to deactivate toxic chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and remove them from the contaminated environment. In this study, pure titanium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and their composites TiO2/Mg(OH2) were prepared by thermal decomposition and precipitation of the titanium peroxo-complex and/or magnesium nitrate in an aqueous solution. The as-prepared composites were examined by XRD, XPS, HRTEM, and nitrogen physisorption. Their decontamination ability was tested on CWA surrogates and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) was used as a G simulant for the nerve agents sarin (GB) and soman (GD) while 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES) and 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (2-CEPS) were used as surrogates of sulfur mustard (HD). The activity of the as-prepared composites was correlated with acid–base properties determined by potentiometric titrations and pyridine adsorption studied by in situ DRIFTS. The mixing of Ti and Mg led to an increase of the surface area and the amount of surface –OH groups (with an increasing amount of Ti) that caused improved degradation of DMMP. Surface catalyzed reactions can be a convenient way to deactivate toxic chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and remove them from the contaminated environment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Šťastný
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Czech Republic
- Faculty of Environment
- University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem
- 400 96 Ústí nad Labem
| | - Václav Štengl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Henych
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Tolasz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Czech Republic
- Faculty of Environment
- University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem
- 400 96 Ústí nad Labem
| | - Martin Kormunda
- Faculty of Science
- University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem
- 400 96 Ústí nad Labem
- Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Ederer
- Faculty of Environment
- University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem
- 400 96 Ústí nad Labem
- Czech Republic
| | - Gloria Issa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia
- Bulgaria
| | - Pavel Janoš
- Faculty of Environment
- University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem
- 400 96 Ústí nad Labem
- Czech Republic
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Wu J, Wang X, Wang Q, Lou Z, Li S, Zhu Y, Qin L, Wei H. Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes (II). Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1004-1076. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00457a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1628] [Impact Index Per Article: 325.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An updated comprehensive review to help researchers understand nanozymes better and in turn to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjiexing Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Zhangping Lou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Sirong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Yunyao Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
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Jang YJ, Kim K, Tsay OG, Atwood DA, Churchill DG. Update 1 of: Destruction and Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents. Chem Rev 2015; 115:PR1-76. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong Jang
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibong Kim
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Olga G. Tsay
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - David A. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - David G. Churchill
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305−701, Republic of Korea
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7
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Synthesis of magnetron sputtered WO 3 nanoparticles-degradation of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide and dimethyl methyl phosphonate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 453:60-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Elias S, Saphier S, Columbus I, Zafrani Y. Polysaccharide-thickened aqueous fluoride solutions for rapid destruction of the nerve agent VX. Introducing the opportunity for extensive decontamination scenarios. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:2893-2900. [PMID: 24517492 DOI: 10.1021/es4056388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Among the chemical warfare agents, the extremely toxic nerve agent VX (O-ethyl S-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate) is a target of high importance in the development of decontamination methods, due to its indefinite persistence on common environmental surfaces. Liquid decontaminants are mostly characterized by high corrosivity, usually offer poor coverage, and tend to flow and accumulate in low areas. Therefore, the development of a noncorrosive decontaminant, sufficiently viscous to resist dripping from the contaminated surface, is necessary. In the present paper we studied different polysaccharides-thickened fluoride aqueous solutions as noncorrosive decontaminants for rapid and efficient VX degradation to the nontoxic product EMPA (ethyl methylphosphonic acid). Polysaccharides are environmentally benign, natural, and inexpensive. Other known decontaminants cannot be thickened by polysaccharides, due to the sensitivity of the latter toward basic or oxidizing agents. We found that the efficiency of VX degradation in these viscous solutions in terms of kinetics and product identity is similar to that of KF aqueous solutions. Guar gum (1.5 wt %) with 4 wt % KF was chosen for further evaluation. The benign nature, rheological properties, adhering capabilities to different surfaces, and decontamination from a porous matrix were examined. This formulation showed promising properties for implementation as a spray decontaminant for common and sensitive environmental surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Elias
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research , Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
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