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Boughattas I, Zitouni N, Mkhinini M, Missawi O, Helaoui S, Hattab S, Mokni M, Bousserrhine N, Banni M. Combined toxicity of Cd and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the earthworm Eisenia andrei under biochar amendment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34915-34931. [PMID: 36525191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic activities, various pollutants can be found in agricultural soil, such as cadmium (Cd) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). They are highly toxic and can have a negative impact on soil fertility. For remediation strategies, biochar has acquired considerable attention due to its benefits for agriculture. However, we should recognize the ecological risk posed by biochar use. In addition, little is known about its non-desirable effects on soil organisms such as earthworms, especially in the case of soil remediation. In this study, earthworms (Eisenia andrei) were exposed to soil contaminated with Cd (0.7 mg/kg), (2,4-D) (7 mg/kg), and a mixture of the two in the presence and absence of biochar (2%). A 7- and 14-day incubation experiment was carried out for this purpose. Cd and 2,4-D uptakes in earthworms' tissues, oxidative stress, cytotoxic response, DNA damage, histopathological changes, and gene expression level were assessed. Results suggested that biochar increased the bioavailability of Cd and 2,4-D and the frequency of micronuclei (MNi) and decreased the lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) in earthworms. Also, histopathological examination detected numerous alterations in animals exposed to the contaminants without any amelioration when biochar was added. The biochemical response of earthworms in terms of oxidative stress demonstrates that in the presence of biochar, animals tend to alleviate the toxicity of Cd and 2,4-D. This was also supported by transcriptomic analyses where expression gene levels related to oxidative stress were upregulated in earthworms exposed to Cd and 2,4-D + biochar. The present investigation brought new insights concerning the use of biochar in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia.
- Regional Field Crops Research Center of Beja, Beja, Tunisia.
| | - Nesrine Zitouni
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Omayma Missawi
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Hattab
- Regional Research Centre in Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, Chott Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Mokni
- Department of Pathology, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Bousserrhine
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban Systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, cedex 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
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2
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Zhen Z, Luo S, Chen Y, Li G, Li H, Wei T, Huang F, Ren L, Liang YQ, Lin Z, Zhang D. Performance and mechanisms of biochar-assisted vermicomposting in accelerating di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate biodegradation in farmland soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130330. [PMID: 36372018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and earthworms can accelerate di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) degradation in soils. However, little is known regarding the effect of biochar-assisted vermicomposting on soil DEHP degradation and the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the present study investigated DEHP degradation performance and bacterial community changes in farmland soils using earthworms, biochar, or their combination. Biochar-assisted vermicomposting significantly improved DEHP degradation through initial physical adsorption on biochar and subsequent rapid biodegradation in the soil, earthworm gut, and charosphere. Burkholderiaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae were the potential DEHP degraders and were enriched in biochar-assisted vermicomposting. In particularly, Burkholderiaceae and Sphingomonadaceae were enriched in the earthworm gut and charosphere, possibly explaining the mechanism of accelerated DEHP degradation in biochar-assisted vermicomposting. Soil pH, soil organic matter, and humus (humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin) increased by earthworms or biochar enhanced DEHP degradation. These findings imply that biochar-assisted vermicomposting enhances DEHP removal not only through rapid physical sorption but also through the improvement of soil physicochemical characteristics and promotion of degraders in the soil, earthworm gut, and charosphere. Overall, biochar-assisted vermicomposting is a suitable method for the remediation of organic-contaminated farmland soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Shuwen Luo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Yijie Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Gaoyang Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Huijun Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Ting Wei
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Fengcheng Huang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Lei Ren
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Yan-Qiu Liang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zhong Lin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, PR China.
| | - Dayi Zhang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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3
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Lin Q, Tan X, Almatrafi E, Yang Y, Wang W, Luo H, Qin F, Zhou C, Zeng G, Zhang C. Effects of biochar-based materials on the bioavailability of soil organic pollutants and their biological impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153956. [PMID: 35189211 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the unique structure and superior properties, biochar-based materials, including pristine biochar and composites of biochar with other functional materials, are considered as new generation materials for diverse multi-functional applications, which may be intentionally or unintentionally released to soil. The influencing mechanism of biochar-based material on soil organisms is a key aspect for quantifying and predicting its benefits and trade-offs. This work focuses on the effects of biochar-based materials on soil organisms within the past ten years. 206 sources are reviewed and available knowledge on biochar-based materials' impacts on soil organisms is summarized from a diverse perspective, including the pollutant bioavailability changes in soil, and potential effects of biochar-based materials on soil organisms. Herein, effects of biochar-based materials on the bioavailability of soil organic pollutants are detailed, from the perspective of plant, microorganism, and soil fauna. Potential biological effects of pristine biochar (PBC), metal/metal compounds-biochar composites (MBC), clay minerals-biochar composites (CMBC), and carbonaceous materials-biochar composites (CBC) on soil organisms are highlighted for the first time. And possible mechanisms are presented based on the different characters of biochar-based materials as well as various environmental interactions. Finally, the bottleneck and challenges of risk assessment of biochar-based materials as well as future prospects are proposed. This work not only promotes the development of risk assessment system of biochar-based materials, but broadens the strategy for the design and optimization of environmental-friendly biochar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Hanzhuo Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Fanzhi Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Wang Y, Tian L, Wang L, Yan X, Shan J, Ji R. Degradation, transformation, and non-extractable residue formation of nitrated nonylphenol isomers in an oxic soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117880. [PMID: 34352632 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrated nonylphenols (NNPs) are main metabolites of the endocrine-disrupting nonylphenols in soil, yet their fate is unknown. Here, using four NNP isomers (NNP111, NNP112, NNP65, and NNP38), the degradation pattern of NNPs was investigated in an oxic soil for 266 days. Specifically, NNP111 was 14C-labeled to facilitate investigating its degradation, transformation, and non-extractable residue (NER) formation. NNPs degradation was isomer-specific with the decreasing order of half-life: NNP111 (126 days) > NNP112 (76 days) > NNP65 (14 days) > NNP38 (8.4 days), providing direct evidence of the greater persistence of NNPs in soil than their parent NPs. At the end of the incubation, 8.5 %, 7.3 %, and 39.9 % of 14C-NNP111 was mineralized, transformed to 2-amino-NP111, and formed NERs in active soil, respectively. In contrast, NERs in sterilized soils were significantly lower, amounting to 15.1 % and 17.3 % in autoclaved and γ-irradiated soil, respectively. The majority of the NERs (>70 %) were in humin fraction, in which type I NER was the predominant (>90 %) mode for NER formation. Our results provide comprehensive knowledge on the fate of NNPs in soil, demonstrating that isomer-specific behavior, transformation products of NNPs, and NER formation should be considered when evaluating environmental fate and risks of NNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000, Quanzhou, China
| | - Lili Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-ecological Experimental Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-ecological Experimental Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000, Quanzhou, China
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5
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Jia X, He Y, Corvini PFX, Ji R. Transformation of catechol coupled to redox alteration of humic acids and the effects of Cu and Fe cations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138245. [PMID: 32302829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Humic substances are reactive during redox alteration. However, the role of this reactivity in the transformation of organic compounds and in carbon cycling in the environment is still unclear. Here, we used 14C-radioactive tracer to study abiotic transformation and humification of catechol, a representative of naturally occurring monomeric phenols and phenolic pollutants, in suspensions of humic acids (HAs) at original and H2/Pd-reduced redox states with flux of air (HAorg-Air and HAred-Air, respectively) or N2 (HAorg-N2 and HAred-N2, respectively) for 20 min in absence and presence of Cu(II) and Fe(II). Both HAorg and HAred can transform catechol in the absence of O2 to 19% and 25% of the initially applied amount, respectively. The transformation of catechol strongly increased when air was introduced, amounting to 75% in HAred-Air treatment and 43% in HAorg-Air treatment, owing to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Considerable amounts of catecholic carbons were incorporated into HAs (26% for HAred-Air and 19% for HAorg-Air), constituting humification of catechol. The presence of Cu(II) strongly inhibited the overall transformation and humification of catechol, although it significantly increased humification at the start of incubation. The presence of Fe(II) overall enhanced both the transformation and humification. The results provide first insights into the impacts of redox alteration of humic substances together with the presence of metal ions with variable valences on the fate of phenolic compounds in the environment. This study points out that redox alteration-induced abiotic transformation may be one important process for dissipation of phenolic pollutants and humification of phenolic carbons in environments rich in HAs and subject to redox fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000 Quanzhou, China.
| | - Philippe F-X Corvini
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, CH 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000 Quanzhou, China
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6
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Shaaban M, Van Zwieten L, Bashir S, Younas A, Núñez-Delgado A, Chhajro MA, Kubar KA, Ali U, Rana MS, Mehmood MA, Hu R. A concise review of biochar application to agricultural soils to improve soil conditions and fight pollution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 228:429-440. [PMID: 30243078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Application of biochar to soil can play a significant role in the alteration of nutrients dynamics, soil contaminants as well as microbial functions. Therefore, strategic biochar application to soil may provide agronomic, environmental and economic benefits. Key environmental outcomes may include reduced availability of toxic metals and organic pollutants, reduced soil N losses and longer-term storage of carbon in soil. The use of biochar can certainly address key soil agronomic constraints to crop production including Al toxicity, low soil pH and may improve nutrient use efficiency. Biochar application has also demerits to soil properties and attention should be paid when using a specific biochar for a specific soil property improvement. This review provides a concise assessment and addresses impacts of biochar on soil properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shaaban
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lukas Van Zwieten
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia
| | - Saqib Bashir
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aneela Younas
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, Campus Univ., 27002 Lugo, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Muhammad Afzal Chhajro
- Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Ali Kubar
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Umeed Ali
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Rana
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mirza Abid Mehmood
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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7
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Bielská L, Škulcová L, Neuwirthová N, Cornelissen G, Hale SE. Sorption, bioavailability and ecotoxic effects of hydrophobic organic compounds in biochar amended soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:78-86. [PMID: 29247907 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work addresses the effect of biochar amendment to soil on contaminant sorption, bioavailability, and ecotoxicity. A distinction between positive primary amendment effects caused by reduced toxicity resulting from contaminant sorption, and negative secondary amendment effects of the biochars themselves was seen. Two biochars (one from high technology and one from low technology production processes) representing real world biochars were tested for the adsorption of pyrene, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 52), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE). Sorption by both biochars was similar, both for compounds in single and mixed isotherms, in the presence and absence of soil. p,p'-DDE natively contaminated and spiked soils were amended with biochar (0, 1, 5, and 10%) and bioavailability, operationally defined bioaccessibility and ecotoxicity were assessed using polyethylene (PE), polymeric resin (XAD) and Folsomia candida, respectively. At the highest biochar dose (10%), bioavailability and bioaccessibility decreased by >37% and >41%, respectively, compared to unamended soils. Mortality of F. candida was not observed at any biochar dose, while reproductive effects were dose dependent. F. candida benefited from the reduction of p,p'-DDE bioavailability upon 1% and 5% biochar addition to contaminated soils while at 10% dose, these positive effects were nullified by biochar-induced toxicity. p,p'-DDE toxicity corrected for such secondary effects was predicted well by both PE uptake and XAD extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bielská
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucia Škulcová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Gerard Cornelissen
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Department of Environmental Engineering, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Sarah E Hale
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Department of Environmental Engineering, Oslo, Norway
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Chen XW, Wong JTF, Ng CWW, Wong MH. Feasibility of biochar application on a landfill final cover-a review on balancing ecology and shallow slope stability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:7111-7125. [PMID: 26452652 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasing concerns on global warming, scarce land for agriculture, and contamination impacts on human health, biochar application is being considered as one of the possible measures for carbon sequestration, promoting higher crop yield and contamination remediation. Significant amount of researches focusing on these three aspects have been conducted during recent years. Biochar as a soil amendment is effective in promoting plant performance and sustainability, by enhancing nutrient bioavailability, contaminants immobilization, and microbial activities. The features of biochar in changing soil physical and biochemical properties are essential in affecting the sustainability of an ecosystem. Most studies showed positive results and considered biochar application as an effective and promising measure for above-mentioned interests. Bio-engineered man-made filled slope and landfill slope increasingly draw the attention of geologists and geotechnical engineers. With increasing number of filled slopes, sustainability, low maintenance, and stability are the major concerns. Biochar as a soil amendment changes the key factors and parameters in ecology (plant development, soil microbial community, nutrient/contaminant cycling, etc.) and slope engineering (soil weight, internal friction angle and cohesion, etc.). This paper reviews the studies on the production, physical and biochemical properties of biochar and suggests the potential areas requiring study in balancing ecology and man-made filled slope and landfill cover engineering. Biochar-amended soil should be considered as a new type of soil in terms of soil mechanics. Biochar performance depends on soil and biochar type which imposes challenges to generalize the research outcomes. Aging process and ecotoxicity studies of biochar are strongly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Wen Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - James Tsz-Fung Wong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Charles Wang-Wai Ng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Office B3-2/F-33, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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9
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Gu J, Zhou W, Jiang B, Wang L, Ma Y, Guo H, Schulin R, Ji R, Evangelou MWH. Effects of biochar on the transformation and earthworm bioaccumulation of organic pollutants in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 145:431-437. [PMID: 26694792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of biochar on the fate and behavior of micropollutants in soil, especially in the presence of soil macrofauna. Using a 14C-tracer, we studied the fate of 2,4-dichlorophenol and phenanthrene, after 30 days in soil in the presence of a biochar (0-5%, dry weight) produced from China fir at 400 °C and/or the earthworm Metaphire guillelmi. Application of the biochar significantly reduced the degradation and mineralization of both pollutants and strongly increased the accumulation of their metabolites in soil. The earthworm had no significant effects on the degradation of parent molecules of the pollutants but it significantly reduced the mineralization of the pollutants independent of the presence of the biochar. Although at an application rate of <1% the biochar strongly sorbed both pollutants, it did not significantly decrease the bioaccumulation of free dichlorophenol and phenanthrene and their metabolites by the earthworm. Our results demonstrate the complex effects of biochar on the fate, transformation, and earthworm bioaccumulation of organic pollutants in soil. They show that biochar application may not be an appropriate strategy for treating soil contaminated with hydrophobic organic pollutants and underline the importance of soil-feeding earthworms in risk assessments of biochar effects on soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Bingqi Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, No.10, Huan Bei San Cun, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Yini Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Rainer Schulin
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Institute for Marine Sciences & Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, 210093 Nanjing, China.
| | - Michael W H Evangelou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Shan J, Ji R, Yu Y, Xie Z, Yan X. Biochar, activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes have different effects on fate of (14)C-catechol and microbial community in soil. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16000. [PMID: 26515132 PMCID: PMC4626844 DOI: 10.1038/srep16000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of biochar, activated carbon (AC)-, and single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) in various concentrations (0, 0.2, 20, and 2,000 mg/kg dry soil) on the fate of 14C-catechol and microbial community in soil. The results showed that biochar had no effect on the mineralization of 14C-catechol, whereas AC at all amendment rates and SWCNTs at 2,000 mg/kg significantly reduced mineralization. Particularly, MWCNTs at 0.2 mg/kg significantly stimulated mineralization compared with the control soil. The inhibitory effects of AC and SWCNTs on the mineralization were attributed to the inhibited soil microbial activities and the shifts in microbial communities, as suggested by the reduced microbial biomass C and the separated phylogenetic distance. In contrast, the stimulatory effects of MWCNTs on the mineralization were attributed to the selective stimulation of specific catechol-degraders by MWCNTs at 0.2 mg/kg. Only MWCNTs amendments and AC at 2,000 mg/kg significantly changed the distribution of 14C residues within the fractions of humic substances. Our findings suggest biochar, AC, SWCNTs and MWCNTs have different effects on the fate of 14C-catechol and microbial community in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.,Changshu Agro-ecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changshu 215555, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongjie Yu
- College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zubin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.,Changshu Agro-ecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changshu 215555, China
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