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M B B, Tiwari AK, N S M, Mohan M, C M L. Source apportionment of major ions and trace metals in the lacustrine systems of Schirmacher Hills, East Antarctica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174189. [PMID: 38936712 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The fabric of the Antarctic lacustrine system has a crucial role in assimilating the anthropogenic inputs and mitigating their long time impacts on climate change. Here, we present the changes in the concentrations of major ions and trace metals in the surface water of the lacustrine system to understand the extent of anthropogenic impacts from the adjacent Schirmacher Hills, East Antarctica. The results show that the land-locked lakes (closed-basin lakes surrounded by topographical barriers such as mountains or bedrock formations) in the region have a moderate enrichment in elemental concentrations compared to the pro-glacial lakes (marginal freshwater bodies that form at the terminus of a glacier or ice sheet). The water quality index (WQI: 7.58-12.63) and pollution evaluation index (PEI: 1.36-2.35) remained normal, indicating that the water in these lake are of good quality. However, a significant correlation between lithogenic elements (Al, Fe) and potentially toxic elements (Cd, Cr, and Ba), suggests an increase in the anthropogenic impacts. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA), the source of trace metals to the lacustrine systems appears to be the surrounding environment, followed by aerosol dust particles. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed that regional topography significantly impacts the supply of major ions/trace metals to these lakes. The present study provides baseline data and can be used to estimate and forecast future local and/or global anthropogenic contaminations in the lacustrine system of Schirmacher Hills, East Antarctica. Moreover, the presence of research stations (Maitri and Novolazarevskaya), tourist activities, and the potential for anthropogenic stressors necessitate continued monitoring and impact assessment programs within the Schirmacher Hills lacustrine systems. These programs are crucial for safeguarding this pristine ecosystem from future environmental disturbances under a changing Antarctic climate, as mandated by the Antarctic Treaty System and the Indian Antarctic Act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binish M B
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco da Gama, Goa 403804, India.
| | - A K Tiwari
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco da Gama, Goa 403804, India
| | - Magesh N S
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco da Gama, Goa 403804, India; Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode, Kerala 673571, India
| | - Mahesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India; International Centre for Polar Studies, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Laluraj C M
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco da Gama, Goa 403804, India.
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Yu P, Li D, Zhao J, Pan J, Hu J, Zhang H, He J, Han Z, Yang X, Zhang C, Fan G, Zhang H. Organic carbon cycling in the sediments of Prydz Bay, Eastern Antarctica: Implications for a high carbon sequestration potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 952:175894. [PMID: 39222817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) in the productive continental marginal sea surrounding Antarctica is crucial for elucidating the effect of this sea on the global carbon cycle. We analyzed 31 surface sediment samples and eight sediment cores collected from Prydz Bay (PB) and the adjacent basin area. The element and stable isotope compositions, grain size compositions, and biogenic silica and lithogenic minerals of these samples were used to evaluate the spatial variations in the sources, transport mechanisms, and preservation patterns of SOC, with a particular focus on the efficiency of the biological carbon pump (BCP). Our findings reveal that the SOC originated from mixed marine/terrestrial sources. The δ13C values were higher in the Prydz Bay Gyre (PBG) region than in the open sea area. Biogenic matter-rich debris, associated with fine-grained particles (silt and clay), was concentrated in the PBG, while abiotic ice-rafted debris and coarse-grained particles were preferentially deposited in the bank and ice shelf front regions. Lithogenic matter predominated in the basin sediments. The annual accumulation rate of SOC in PB ranged from 1.6 to 6.2 g·m-2·yr-1 (mean 4.2 ± 1.9 g·m-2·yr-1), and the rates were higher in the PBG than in the ice shelf front region. Estimates based on our tentative box model suggest that the efficiency of the BCP, which refers to the proportion of surface-produced organic carbon successfully transferred to deep waters, is approximately 5.7 % in PB, surpassing the global average (∼0.8 %) and the efficiencies reported for other polar environments. Furthermore, our calculations indicate that the SOC preservation efficiency (the ratio of preserved to initially deposited organic carbon in sediments) in PB is approximately 79 % ± 20 %, underscoring the significant carbon sequestration potential within PB. The results of this study have important implications for the effects of sediment dynamics on the carbon cycle in the sea surrounding Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengbing Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaojing Fan
- Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Haisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
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Ma Y, Xu T, Mao Q, Zhou X, Wang R, Sun J, Zhang A, Zhou S. Distribution and flux of organochlorine pesticides in sediment from Prydz Bay, Antarctic: Implication of sources and trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149380. [PMID: 34352464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments were collected from Prydz Bay, Antarctica to investigate the distribution patterns, origins, annual fluxes, and trends of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the marginal sea of polar areas. The concentrations of OCPs ranged from 0.80 to 7.90 ng/g dry weight, with dichlorodiphenytrichloroethanes (DDTs) as the main components. Levels of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and DDTs in sediment from Prydz Bay were comparable to the majority of marine sediment worldwide. The distributions of OCPs were characterized by a distinct "quasi-concentric circle" pattern, which has significantly positive relationship with total organic carbon (TOC) of sediment and controlled by the local hydrodynamic conditions and sources of organic matter. Source apportionment demonstrated that HCHs and chlordanes in Prydz Bay were mainly derived from the long range atmospheric transport (LRAT) of these compounds from off regions. However, current inputs of DDT-based compounds and lindane are suggested to exist either as a result of the LART from the neighbouring countries or re-emission from melting glacier. The annual sedimentary fluxes of OCPs were 0.007 to 7.12 pg/cm2/yr, about one to three orders of magnitude lower than some data from the Arctic areas. Based on a rough calculation of r-HCH, only 0.3-1.5% of the air-seawater net deposition would be buried in sediment, implying a long active lifetime of OCPs in Antarctica. We preliminarily indicate an increase of OCP contamination in Antarctic environment afterwards when considering the possible occurrence of "fresh" sources and low proportion of sedimentary sink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Tianwei Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qiao Mao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xinmei Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianqiang Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Anping Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Cong L, Zhai J, Yan G, Liu J, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang M. Lead isotope trends and sources in the atmosphere at the artificial wetland. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7851. [PMID: 31637124 PMCID: PMC6800525 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of industry, studies on lead pollution in total suspended particulate matter (TSP) have received extensive attention. This paper analyzed the concentration and pollution sources of lead in the Cuihu Wetland in Beijing during the period of 2016–2017. The results show that the lead contents in TSP in the Cuihu Wetland were approximately equal in summer and spring, greater in winter, and greatest in autumn. The corresponding lead concentrations were 0.052, 0.053, 0.101, and 0.115 ng/m3, respectively. We compared the 206Pb/207Pb data with other materials to further understand the potential sources of atmospheric lead. The mean values of 206Pb/207Pb from spring to winter were 1.082, 1.098, 1.092, and 1.078, respectively. We found that the lead sources may be associated with coal burning, brake and tire wear, and vehicle exhaust emissions. We also calculated the enrichment factor values for the four seasons, and the values were all much greater than 10, indicating that the lead pollution is closely related to human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cong
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiexiu Zhai
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxin Yan
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiakai Liu
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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