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Zhang R, Yang Y, Deji Y, Li H, Li Y, Nima C, Zhao S, Gong H. Factors influencing the spatial distribution and individual variation in urinary fluoride levels in Tibet, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138493. [PMID: 36966932 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, fluorosis is the most prevalent endemic disease in Tibet and one of the most concerned public health problems in China; urinary fluoride is a common diagnostic indicator of endemic fluorosis. However, the spatial distribution and influencing factors of urinary fluoride content in Tibet remain unclear. This study aims to bridge this gap by geographically weighted regression (GWR), analyses of variance (ANOVAs), Geodetector, and stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR). To achieve this goal, this study first investigated fluoride levels in the fasting urine among 637 Tibetan residents from 73 counties in Tibet, the urinary fluoride level was chosen as an indicator of fluorosis, which can reflect the health impairment. Then we identified the potential factors that could influence the spatial distribution and individual variation of urinary fluoride levels from physical environmental and socioeconomic perspective, respectively. The results showed that urinary fluoride levels in Tibet were slightly exceeding the average value for adult urinary fluoride in China, and that residents with high urinary fluoride were mainly found in the west and east; those with low urinary fluoride were mainly found in the central-southern regions. And the urinary fluoride levels had a significantly positive correlation with water fluoride and a significantly negative correlation with average annual temperature. Urinary fluoride levels increased until age 60 and followed an inverted "U"-shaped trajectory according to annual household income (80,000 renminbi (RMB) was the inflection point); pastoralists had greater exposure to fluoride than farmers. Furthermore, the Geodetector and MLR showed that the urinary fluoride level was influenced by both physical environmental and socioeconomic factors. The socioeconomic factors such as age, annual household income and occupation had a greater impact than the physical environment on urinary fluoride concentration. These findings can provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling endemic fluorosis in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yangzong Deji
- Tibet Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, 850030, China
| | - Hairong Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Cangjue Nima
- Tibet Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, 850030, China
| | - Shengcheng Zhao
- Tibet Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, 850030, China
| | - Hongqiang Gong
- Tibet Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, 850030, China
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Saeed M, Rehman MYA, Farooqi A, Malik RN. Arsenic and fluoride co-exposure through drinking water and their impacts on intelligence and oxidative stress among rural school-aged children of Lahore and Kasur districts, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3929-3951. [PMID: 34751868 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), and fluoride (F-) are potent contaminants with established carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic impacts on the exposed populations globally. Despite elevated groundwater As and F- levels being reported from various regions of Pakistan no biomonitoring study has been reported yet to address the co-exposure impact of As and F- among school children. We aimed to investigate the effects of these two contaminants on dental fluorosis and intelligence quotient (IQ) along with the induction of oxidative stress in rural children under co-exposed conditions. A total of 148 children (5 to 16 years old) from the exposed and control group were recruited in the current study from endemic rural areas of Lahore and Kasur districts, Pakistan having elevated As and F- levels in drinking water than permissible limits. We monitored malondialdehyde and its probable association with antioxidants activity (SOD, CAT, and GR) as a biomarker of oxidative stress. GSTM1/T1 polymorphisms were measured to find the impact of As on health parameters. Mean urinary concentrations of As (2.70 vs. 0.016 µg/L, P < 0.000) and F- (3.27 vs. 0.24 mg/L, P < 0.000) as well as the frequency of dental fluorosis were found elevated among the exposed group. The cases of children with lower IQ were observed high in the exposed group. Additionally, lower concentrations of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, and GR) were found suggesting high susceptibility to F- toxicity. The findings suggest that F- accounted for high variations in health parameters of children under the co-exposure conditions with As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abida Farooqi
- Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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3
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Castiblanco-Rubio GA, Muñoz-Rocha TV, Téllez-Rojo MM, Ettinger AS, Mercado-García A, Peterson KE, Hu H, Cantoral A, Martínez-Mier EA. Dietary Influences on Urinary Fluoride over the Course of Pregnancy and at One-Year Postpartum. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1568-1579. [PMID: 34176079 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary factors are known to influence urinary fluoride (UF) levels in nonpregnant people. Maternal UF is used as a biomarker of fluoride exposure; however, dietary influences on UF during pregnancy are unknown. We compared UF levels and assessed the associations between UF and five select dietary influences in pregnancy vs. one-year postpartum: dietary fluoride (F), calcium intake from diet (Ca-diet), calcium intake from supplements (Ca-sup), dietary acid load (AL), and table salt use (TS) in 421 women exposed to fluoridated salt in the Mexican diet. Spot UF (mg/L) was measured by microdiffusion/fluoride-specific electrode and dilution-corrected with specific gravity (SG). Dietary variables were estimated from a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Comparisons among UF in pregnancy vs. one-year postpartum were performed with non-parametric tests. Associations between dietary variables and UF were assessed using random effect models (for pregnancy) and linear regression (for one-year postpartum). SG-corrected UF (median, range) during pregnancy (0.77, 0.01-4.73 mg/L) did not significantly differ from one-year postpartum (0.75, 0.15-2.62 mg/L) but did increase every 10 gestational weeks, β = 0.05 (CI: 0.00-0.10). Different dietary influences on UF were identified at each state. Although Ca-diet and AL were not associated with UF in either state, Ca-sup decreased UF only during pregnancy, β = - 0.012 mg/L (CI: - 0.023-0.00). Reporting TS use was associated with 12% increase in UF only at one-year postpartum (p = 0.026). These results suggest different dietary influences on UF in the pregnant state, which need consideration when using UF as a biomarker of fluoride exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina A Castiblanco-Rubio
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing St, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Teresa V Muñoz-Rocha
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública de México (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública de México (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Adrienne S Ettinger
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adriana Mercado-García
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública de México (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - E Angeles Martínez-Mier
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing St, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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Saeed M, Rehman MYA, Farooqi A, Malik RN. WITHDRAWN: Co-exposure effects of arsenic and fluoride on intelligence and oxidative stress in school-aged children: A cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110168. [PMID: 32919972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abida Farooqi
- Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Navarro A, García M, Rodrigues AS, Garcia PV, Camarinho R, Segovia Y. Reactive astrogliosis in the dentate gyrus of mice exposed to active volcanic environments. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:213-226. [PMID: 33283687 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1850381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been associated with neuroinflammatory processes and is considered a risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Volcanic environments are considered a natural source of air pollution. However, the effects of natural source air pollution on the central nervous system (CNS) have not been reported, despite the fact that up to 10% of the world's population lives near a historically active volcano. In order to assess the response of the CNS to such exposure, our study was conducted in the island of Sao Miguel (Azores, Portugal) in two different areas: Furnas, which is volcanically active one, and compared to Rabo de Peixe, a reference site without manifestations of active volcanism using Mus musculus as a bioindicator species. To evaluate the state of the astroglial population in the dentate gyrus in both samples, the number of astrocytes was determined using immunofluorescence methods (anti-GFAP and anti-GS). In addition, the astrocytic branches in that hippocampal area were examined. Our results showed an increase in GFAP+ astrocytes and a reduction in GS+ astrocytes in Furnas-exposed mice compared to animals from Rabo de Peixe. In addition, astrocytes in the dentate gyrus of chronically exposed animals exhibited longer branches compared to those residing at the reference site. Thus, reactive astrogliosis and astrocyte dysfunction are found in mice living in an active volcanic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Navarro
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Alicante , Alicante, Spain
| | - M García
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Alicante , Alicante, Spain
| | - A S Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- IVAR, Research Institute for Volcanology and Risk Assessment, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - P V Garcia
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, and Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Camarinho
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- IVAR, Research Institute for Volcanology and Risk Assessment, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Y Segovia
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Alicante , Alicante, Spain
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Lavalle-Carrasco J, Molina-Frechero N, Nevárez-Rascón M, Sánchez-Pérez L, Hamdan-Partida A, González-González R, Cassi D, Isiordia-Espinoza MA, Bologna-Molina R. Recent Biomarkers for Monitoring the Systemic Fluoride Levels in Exposed Populations: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18010317. [PMID: 33406716 PMCID: PMC7795285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorides are compounds that can be found in the minerals of soil with volcanic rocks. Different populations are exposed to high levels of fluorides through drinking water that, due to their chronic intake, cause several types of damage to health. Nails and hair, denominated as recent biomarkers, have been employed for monitoring systemic fluoride from long-term exposure to fluorides. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the use of recent biomarkers for monitoring systemic fluoride levels in exposed populations and verify their validity in the measurement of the fluorine (F-) concentration within the body. A digital search was performed in the databases PubMed/Medline, Springer Link, Cochrane, and Scopus of original articles that employed recent biomarkers for monitoring systemic F-. Seventeen articles were included in this analysis; the recorded variables were the F- amount in each assessed biomarker, source of exposure, and total daily fluoride intake (TDFI). TDFI was associated with F- in nails and hair, as well as the exposure through drinking water. In conclusion, recent biomarkers are adequate for monitoring the systemic fluoride levels by evaluating the chronic/subchronic exposure through different sources, mainly drinking water, considering nails better than hair for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Lavalle-Carrasco
- Dental Sciences, Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Nelly Molina-Frechero
- Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (L.S.-P.); (A.H.-P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Martina Nevárez-Rascón
- Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua (UACH), Chihuahua 31000, Mexico;
| | - Leonor Sánchez-Pérez
- Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (L.S.-P.); (A.H.-P.)
| | - Aida Hamdan-Partida
- Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (L.S.-P.); (A.H.-P.)
| | - Rogelio González-González
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Juarez University of the Durango State (UJED), Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (R.B.-M.)
| | - Diana Cassi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science, University of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Mario Alberto Isiordia-Espinoza
- Institute of Research in Medical Sciences, Department of Clinics, Los Altos University Center, University of Guadalajara (UdG), Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco 47650, Mexico;
| | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Juarez University of the Durango State (UJED), Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (R.B.-M.)
- Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, University of the Republic (UDELAR), Montevideo 11200, Uruguay
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7
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Idowu OS, Duckworth RM, Valentine RA, Zohoori FV. Biomarkers for the Assessment of Fluoride Exposure in Children. Caries Res 2020; 54:134-143. [PMID: 31962326 DOI: 10.1159/000504166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to practical difficulties in quantifying fluoride exposure, the ability of various biomarkers to predict exposure has been investigated previously. However, the results are inadequate for validation of their application and usefulness. This study aimed to investigate the association between contemporary/recent biomarkers of fluoride exposure and total daily fluoride intake (TDFI) of children with large differences in fluoride exposure through drinking water. TDFI was assessed in 61 healthy 4- to 5-year-old children who provided at least 1 biomarker sample; 32 lived in a low-fluoride area (0.04 mg F/L) and 29 lived in a high-fluoride area (3.05 mg F/L). Validated questionnaires were administered to evaluate fluoride intake from diets (including water) and toothpaste ingestion. Daily urinary fluoride excretion (UFE) and fluoride concentrations in plasma, fasting whole saliva, hair, and nails (toenails/fingernails) were evaluated and related to total fluoride exposure. TDFI, UFE, and fluoride concentrations of biomarkers were statistically significantly higher in the high-fluoride area than in the low-fluoride area. There was a strong statistically significant positive correlation between TDFI and UFE (ρ = 0.756, p < 0.001); plasma fluoride concentration (ρ = 0.770, p < 0.001); and toenail fluoride concentration (ρ = 0.604, p < 0.001). The statistically significant positive correlation between TDFI and fingernail fluoride concentration (ρ = 470, p < 0.001) as well as between TDFI and fasting whole saliva fluoride concentration (ρ = 0.453, p = 0.001) was moderate, whereas it was weak between TDFI and hair fluoride concentration (ρ = 0.306, p = 0.027). In conclusion, the current study confirmed the suitability of 24-h urine samples for estimating fluoride exposure in children. The strong correlations between TDFI and fluoride in plasma and toenails also suggest these biomarkers may be considered for health risk assessments of fluoride in children who are susceptible to development of dental fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladipo S Idowu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph M Duckworth
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth A Valentine
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Fatemeh Vida Zohoori
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom,
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Idowu OS, Azevedo LB, Valentine RA, Swan J, Vasantavada PV, Maguire A, Zohoori FV. The use of urinary fluoride excretion to facilitate monitoring fluoride intake: A systematic scoping review. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222260. [PMID: 31509581 PMCID: PMC6738609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a recognised effective and economical agent for dental caries prevention, fluoride has been used in many different fluoridation schemes implemented across the world. Considering the narrow 'dose-gap' between the benefit of caries reduction and the risk of dental fluorosis, it is recommended that fluoride intake is monitored by measuring urinary fluoride excretion. The aim of this scoping review is to map the current literature/evidence on fluoride intake and excretion studies in relation to the study population, settings, type of study design, methodology, and analytical approach. METHODS Embase/Ovid, MEDLINE/Ovid, CINAHL/EBSCO, Scopus/Elsevier were searched for relevant articles until April 2018. Studies were included if they reported intake and excretion of fluoride in healthy humans of all age groups. Findings were explored using a narrative synthesis to summarise studies characteristics and outcome measures. RESULTS Removal of duplicates from the originally 2295 identified records yielded 1093 studies of which 206 articles were included. Only 21.6% of the studies were conducted in children (<8-year-olds). Most studies (38.8%) used drinking water concentration as a proxy for fluoride intake, whereas only 11.7% measured fluoride intake from all sources. Of the 72 studies that measured dietary fluoride intake, only 10 reported the validity of the employed dietary assessment method. Only 14 studies validated the urine sample collection methods. No information on the validity of the employed analytical method was reported by the majority (64.6%) of studies. Only a small proportion (8.7%) of the included studies investigated the association between fluoride intake and excretion. CONCLUSION The findings reveal much variability in terms of conducting the studies and reporting the findings, illustrating a high heterogeneity in data collection across settings and populations. Future studies should provide more detail on sampling technique, measurement protocols (including validation), and on clearly defining the relationship between intake and urinary excretion of fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladipo S. Idowu
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough Tees Valley, United Kingdom
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Liane B. Azevedo
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough Tees Valley, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth A. Valentine
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Josie Swan
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Priyanka V. Vasantavada
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough Tees Valley, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Maguire
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Fatemeh V. Zohoori
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough Tees Valley, United Kingdom
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Liu Y, Téllez-Rojo M, Hu H, Sánchez BN, Martinez-Mier EA, Basu N, Mercado-García A, Solano-González M, Peterson KE. Fluoride exposure and pubertal development in children living in Mexico City. Environ Health 2019; 18:26. [PMID: 30922319 PMCID: PMC6439980 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous animal and ecological studies have provided evidence for an earlier sexual maturation in females in relation to fluoride exposure; however, no epidemiological studies have examined the association between fluoride exposure and pubertal development in both boys and girls using individual-level biomarkers of fluoride. Capitalizing on an ongoing Mexican birth cohort study, we examined the association between concurrent urinary fluoride levels and physical markers of pubertal development in children. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 157 boys and 176 girls at age 10-17 years living in Mexico City. We used ion-selective electrode-based diffusion methods to assess fluoride levels in urine, adjusting for urinary specific gravity. Pubertal stages were evaluated by a trained physician. Associations of fluoride with pubertal stages and age at menarche were studied using ordinal regression and Cox proportional-hazard regression, respectively. RESULTS In the entire sample, the geometric mean and interquartile range (IQR) of urinary fluoride (specific gravity adjusted) were 0.59 mg/L and 0.31 mg/L, respectively. In boys, our analysis showed that a one-IQR increase in urinary fluoride was associated with later pubic hair growth (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51-0.98, p = 0.03) and genital development (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53-0.95, p = 0.02). No significant associations were found in girls, although the direction was negative. CONCLUSIONS Childhood fluoride exposure, at the levels observed in our study, was associated with later pubertal development among Mexican boys at age 10-17 years. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Martha Téllez-Rojo
- Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ave. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62100, México.
| | - Howard Hu
- Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brisa N Sánchez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - E Angeles Martinez-Mier
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adriana Mercado-García
- Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ave. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62100, México
| | - Maritsa Solano-González
- Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ave. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62100, México
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Sousa ETD, Alves VF, Maia FBM, Nobre-dos-Santos M, Forte FDS, Sampaio FC. Influence of Fluoridated Groundwater and 1,100 Ppm Fluoride Dentifrice on Biomarkers of Exposure to Fluoride. Braz Dent J 2018; 29:475-482. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201801959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This research aimed to determine the influence of fluoridated groundwater and 1,100 ppm fluoride dentifrice on biomarkers of exposure to fluoride in preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was performed on thirty preschoolers recruited from naturally fluoridated and non-fluoridated areas (n=15). Total Daily Fluoride Intake (TDFI) from diet and dentifrice, and Daily Urinary Fluoride Excretion (DUFE) was measured over 24 h. Nails samples were collected twice during 30 days. Fluoride analyses were performed using a fluoride-ion-specific electrode. Data were evaluated using the Student and paired t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis (α≤0.05). Fluoridated groundwater and dentifrice were the dominant sources (r2 > 0.83) of TDFI in children from a naturally fluoridated and a non-fluoridated area, respectively. A positive correlation between TDFI and DUFE (r=0.50), and between [F] in fingernails and toenails (r=0.60) were found in children from a naturally fluoridated area. The [F] in nails of finger and toe were not correlated to TDFI. The consumption of fluoridated groundwater influenced the fluoride concentration in urine. In addition, the use of 1,100 ppm fluoride dentifrice did not influence the fluoride concentration in urine and fingernails.
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Linhares D, Camarinho R, Garcia PV, Rodrigues ADS. Mus musculus bone fluoride concentration as a useful biomarker for risk assessment of skeletal fluorosis in volcanic areas. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 205:540-544. [PMID: 29709804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is often found in elevated concentrations in volcanic areas due to the release of magmatic fluorine as hydrogen fluorine through volcanic degassing. The exposure to high levels of fluoride can affect the processes of bone formation and resorption causing skeletal fluorosis, a pathology that can easily be mistaken for other skeletal diseases. In this study, we aimed to determine if fluoride concentration in the femoral bone of wild populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus) is a good biomarker of exposure to active volcanic environments naturally enriched in fluoride, allowing their use in biomonitoring programs. The fluoride concentration of the whole femoral bone of 9 mice from Furnas (5 males and 4 females) and 33 mice from Rabo de Peixe (16 males and 17 females) was measured by the potentiometric method with a fluoride ion selective electrode. Fluoride in bones was significantly higher in the mice from Furnas when compared with the mice from Rabo de Peixe (616.5 ± 129.3 μg F/g vs. 253.8 ± 10.5 μg F/g). Accumulation rates were also significantly higher in the mice collected in Furnas when compared with Rabo de Peixe individuals (3.84 ± 0.52 μg F/day vs. 1.22 ± 0.06 μg F/day). The results demonstrate a significant association between exposure to fluoride in the active volcanic environment and fluoride content in bone, revealing that bone fluoride concentration is a suitable biomarker of chronic environmental exposure to fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Linhares
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Camarinho
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Ventura Garcia
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, And Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Armindo Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
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12
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Linhares DPS, Garcia PV, Amaral L, Ferreira T, Dos Santos Rodrigues A. Safety Evaluation of Fluoride Content in Tea Infusions Consumed in the Azores-a Volcanic Region with Water Springs naturally Enriched in Fluoride. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 179:158-164. [PMID: 28120305 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tea is the second most commonly consumed beverage in the world. It is well recognized that the consumption of tea in high quantities can promote the development of fluorosis. The main objective of this study is to estimate the exposure to fluoride in the Azores through drinking tea prepared with water from different volcanic locations, by i) investigating the fluoride (F) content of various commercial brands of tea (Camellia sinensis) marketed in Azores and ii) comparing tea releasing rates of F according to brewing time, considering the fluoride concentration in the different types of water used for the infusion. Fluoride contents were determined by ion-selective electrode in 30 samples of drinking water from three different locations and in 450 samples of tea (black and green tea) from three different brands. Fluoride concentration in water ranged from 0.29 to 1.56 ppm (Porto Formoso and Sete Cidades village, respectively). Fluoride concentrations increased with brewing time, reaching the highest values in the Azorean black and green tea infusions. For all the studied brands, a negative correlation was found between tea fluoride contents and the pH of the water used to prepare the infusion. Fluoride concentration in infusions was significantly associated with the background fluoride concentration in drinking water. Since the fluoride concentration in groundwater varies accordingly to the geological conditions and tea consumption can contribute to fluoride intake, it is important to define the limits for tea consumption, particularly in fluoride-rich areas. Graphical Abstract Fluoride concentrations in black and green tea for 3 minutes of brewing time and, association between fluoride concentration and pH with brewing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Paula Silva Linhares
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
- IVAR, Instituto de Investigação em Vulcanologia e Avaliação de Riscos, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Ventura Garcia
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Leslie Amaral
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- School of Sciences, University of Minho, Gualtar Campus, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- IVAR, Instituto de Investigação em Vulcanologia e Avaliação de Riscos, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Armindo Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
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13
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Han T, Wang M, Cao C, Chen H, Zhang G, Wang L, Wang J. Fluoride or/and aluminum induced toxicity in guinea pig teeth with the low expression of dentine phosphoprotein. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [PMID: 28266088 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the damage and expression of dentine phosphoprotein (DPP) in guinea pig teeth by the administration of fluoride (F) or/and aluminum (Al). Fifty-two guinea pigs were divided randomly into four groups (control, F, Al, and F+Al). F (150 mg NaF/L) or/and Al (300 mg AlCl3 /L) were added in their drinking water for 90 days. The levels of F ion, dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene, and DPP protein in incisor and molar were determined, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of F ion in F and F+Al groups were increased significantly. F induced the mottled enamel and irregular abrasion of teeth, which might occur as a consequence of depressed DSPP mRNA and DPP protein expression. Both the gene and protein expressions showed obvious decrease induced by Al, especially by F. There were no synergistic effects between F and Al, instead, Al inhibited the toxicity of F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China.,Chifeng Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, 024031, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China.,Chifeng Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, 024031, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Huacheng Chen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghe Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wang
- Chifeng Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, 024031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
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