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Xiao L, Su S, Chen C, Yao H, Ding L. Effects of air pollution on emergency visits for acute otitis media among children: a case-crossover study in Chongqing, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1195660. [PMID: 37908685 PMCID: PMC10614669 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1195660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many epidemiological studies have demonstrated the short-term effects of air pollution on acute otitis media (AOM) in children, but few studies have explored the association between AOM and air pollution in Chinese children. This study aimed to analyze the effects of air pollution on emergency visits for AOM among children through a time-stratified case-crossover design in Chongqing, China. Methods The outpatient medical records of children from nine main urban districts who presented with AOM between December 22, 2018 and December 21, 2021 were collected from the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Data for air pollution variables, including the air quality index (AQI), particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), PM2.5, SO2, CO, NO2 and O3 from 17 monitoring sites were collected. Data for meteorological factors as confounding variables also were collected. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the data with single-pollutant models, multi-pollutant models, and stratified analyses. Results Increases in AQI, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, CO and NO2 were positively associated with emergency visits for AOM among children in single-pollutant models and stratified analyses. Increases in PM10, SO2, CO and NO2 were positively associated with emergency visits for AOM among children in multi-pollutant models. NO2 had the most statistically significant OR values in all models, whereas significant effects of O3 were observed only in seasonal stratification. In single-pollutant models, we found that the best lag periods were lag 0-7 for air pollution variables except for O3 and the largest OR values were 1.185 (95%CI: 1.129-1.245) for SO2 in single-pollutant models. In stratified analyses, there were no difference between groups in these statistically significant OR values through gender and age stratification, while the differences between seasons in these OR values of PM10, SO2, CO, NO2 and O3 were statistically significant. Children aged 0 years and 3-5 years represented the most susceptible population, and among the seasons, susceptibility was greater during Winter and Spring. Conclusion Short-term exposure to air pollution can increase emergency visits for AOM among children in Chongqing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Children’s Medical Big Data Intelligent Application, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuping Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Children’s Medical Big Data Intelligent Application, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Children’s Medical Big Data Intelligent Application, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbing Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Children’s Medical Big Data Intelligent Application, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Children’s Medical Big Data Intelligent Application, Chongqing, China
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Liang H, Zhang Y, Zhang S, He Y, Gao J, Wang L, Wang Y, Hang D, Ma Y. Association between environmental composite quality index score and obesity in children and their family: A cross-sectional study in northeast China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134204. [PMID: 35257705 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity has emerged as a severe public health problem worldwide. Most studies focused on the association between single environmental risk factors and obesity. Thus, we investigate the association between environmental composite quality index (ECQI) score and obesity in children and their families. METHOD The cross-sectional study was conducted among 2354 children and 1761 mothers in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, in 2015. The information was collected by questionnaires, including environmental factors, heights, weights, and sociodemographic data. We quantitated thirteen indoor and outdoor risk factors and constructed the ECQI. There were 4 household environmental factors in the household air quality index (HAQI) and 9 variables to evaluate the outdoor environmental quality index (OEQI). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the binary logistic regression model after adjusting the most common obesity risk factors. RESULTS A higher ECQI score was correlated with a higher risk of childhood obesity and family obesity. Comparing the ECQI score 0-2 to the ECQI score ≥5, ORs with childhood obesity was 1.73 (95%CI, 1.25-2.39, P for trend = 0.001), and 1.53 for family obesity (95%CI, 1.09-2.15; P for trend = 0.003) after adjusted confounding factors. Similarly, a significantly positive association was found between OEQI score, HAQI score, and childhood obesity, family obesity. CONCLUSION A higher ECQI score was associated with an increased risk of obesity in children and their families. Both HAQI score and OEQI score were associated to childhood obesity and family obesity. Further studies should elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lining Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Postgraduate Affairs Section, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dong Hang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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He Y, Zhang S, Wei X, Shang S, Wang Y, Zhang R, Guo J, Sun M, Li Y, Ma Y. A high environmental composite quality factor score was associated with the risk of sick building syndrome among adults in northeast China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 306:114458. [PMID: 35045379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epidemiological evidence regarding the association between the combination of indoor and outdoor neighborhood pollution and sick building syndrome (SBS) among adults is limited and inconsistent. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association between the environmental composite quality factor score and SBS among adults. METHODS This study included 2594 females and 666 males aged 18-77 years enrolled from the Northeast China. The environmental composite quality factor score was computed based on factors potentially associated with SBS risk, including the outdoor neighborhood pollution sources (the housing on the street, the presence of pollutants within 100 m of the house (gutters, garbage stations, noise, chemical pollution, and dust pollution), and the presence of arterial roads, factories, and chimneys) and indoor pollution sources (redecoration, clean fuel used for heating/cooking, cooking oil fume (COF) outside kitchen, using of mosquito coil or repellent, and using of incense). We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) between environmental composite quality factor score, indoor pollution composite factor score, outdoor neighborhood pollution composite factor score, and SBS adjustment for covariates. Further, we also did the stratified analysis and constructed a weighted score to verify the results. RESULTS Compared with the lowest environmental composite quality factor score, the ORs of the highest scores were: 1.58 (95% CI, 1.20-2.27, Ptrend = 0.001) for general symptoms; 1.73 (95% CI, 1.35-2.23, Ptrend < 0.001) for mucosal symptoms and 1.75 (95% CI, 1.34-2.29, Ptrend < 0.001) for dermal symptoms and 1.81 (95% CI, 1.36-2.42, Ptrend < 0.001) for all of the three symptoms. We also observed similar patterns with the using of weighted scores and stratified analysis. CONCLUSION Higher exposure to indoor pollution sources and outdoor pollution sources near the residence may be associated with a higher risk of SBS in adults in northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinzhe Wei
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shufei Shang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yewei Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA
| | - Ruochen Zhang
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA
| | - Jia Guo
- Clinical Medicine Science, Second Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- General Party Branch of the Second Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Mun SK, Chang M. Development of prediction models for the incidence of pediatric acute otitis media using Poisson regression analysis and XGBoost. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:18629-18640. [PMID: 34694557 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Otitis media has profound health and economic impact, and its occurrence is known to be influenced by air pollution and climate. The purpose of this study was to develop prediction models using climate and air pollution indicators for the occurrence of acute otitis media (AOM). The study was conducted from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019, and included pediatric patients (age < 12 years) diagnosed on their emergency room visit in our tertiary medical institution. We obtained data on the weekly number of AOM patients and the weekly average values of air pollution and climate indicators. Poisson regression analysis and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were used to develop prediction models for the overall pediatric patients and for the patients classified according to sex (male and female) and age (< 2 years and ≥ 2 years). For the overall population, the correlation coefficients between the original and estimated data in the testing set were 0.441 (p < 0.001) and 0.844 (p < 0.001) for the models developed using Poisson regression analysis and XGBoost, respectively. The root-mean-square errors in the testing set were 3.094 and 1.856, respectively. For patients classified according to sex and age, the prediction models developed using XGBoost showed better performance than the models developed using Poisson regression analysis. In conclusion, this study successfully developed prediction models with air pollution and climate indicators for the incidence of pediatric AOM, using XGBoost. This model can be further developed to prevent pediatric AOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seog-Kyun Mun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Munyoung Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974, Seoul, South Korea.
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Association between short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide and ischemic heart disease and non-accidental death in Changsha city, China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251108. [PMID: 33939751 PMCID: PMC8092655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the effects of short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the central and southern China areas on ischemic heart disease (IHD) and non-accidental deaths. Method We investigated the associations between short-term exposure to SO2 and CO in a city in south-central China and IHD and non-accidental death using a time-series design and generalized additive models with up to a 5-day lag adjusting for day of the week, temperature, air pressure, wind speed, and relative humidity. The relative risks of IHD and non-accidental death per 10-unit increase in SO2 and CO were derived from zero to five days in single-pollutant models. Results Between 2016 and 2018, a total of 10,507 IHD and 44,070 non-accidental deaths were identified. The largest significant relative risk for IHD death was lag 02 for both SO2 (1.080; 95% confidence interval: 1.075–1.084) and CO (5.297; 95% confidence interval: 5.177–5.418) in single-pollutants models. A significant association was shown at all lag multiple-day moving averages. Two-pollutant models identified an association between SO2 and mortality when adjusting for CO. In stratified analyses, SO2 exhibited a stronger association with death during the cold season, while CO exhibited a stronger association with mortality from IHD during the warm season. The risk of death was more robust in the elderly for both pollutants, but was greater in men for CO and in women for SO2. Conclusions Overall, we found an association between short-term exposure to low-level SO2 and CO and the risk of IHD and non-accidental death.
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Hao S, Yuan F, Pang P, Yang B, Jiang X, Yan A. Early childhood traffic-related air pollution and risk of allergic rhinitis at 2-4 years of age modification by family stress and male gender: a case-control study in Shenyang, China. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:48. [PMID: 33865319 PMCID: PMC8053259 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00969-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have explored the modifications by family stress and male gender in the relationship between early exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and allergic rhinitis (AR) risk in preschool children. Methods We conducted a case-control study of 388 children aged 2–4 years in Shenyang, China. These children AR were diagnosed by clinicians. By using measured concentrations from monitoring stations, we estimated the exposures of particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in preschool children aged 2–4 years. After adjusted potential confounding factors, we used logistic regression model to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for childhood AR with exposure to different air pollutants according to the increasing of the interquartile range (IQR) in the exposure level. Results The prevalence of AR in children aged 2–4 years (6.4%) was related to early TRAP exposure. With an IQR (20 μg/m3) increase in PM10 levels, an adjusted OR was significantly elevated by 1.70 (95% CI, 1.19 to 2.66). Also, with an IQR (18 μg/m3) increase in NO2, an elevated adjusted OR was 1.85 (95% CI, 1.52 to 3.18). Among children with family stress and boys, PM10 and NO2 were positively related to AR symptoms. No significant association was found among children without family stress and girls. Conclusions Family stress and male gender may increase the risk of AR in preschool children with early exposure to PM10 and NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Pai Pang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Aihui Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Tian H, Xu B, Wang X, Wang J, Zhong C. Study on the correlation between ambient environment-meteorological factors and the number of visits of acute otitis media, Lanzhou, China. J Otol 2020; 15:86-94. [PMID: 32884558 PMCID: PMC7451727 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the correlation between environmental-meteorological factors and daily visits for acute otitis media (AOM) in Lanzhou, China. METHODS Data were collected in 2014-2016 by the Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at two hospitals in Lanzhou. Relevant information, including age, sex and visiting time, was collected. Environmental data included air quality index, PM10, PM2.5, O3, CO, NO2 and SO2, and meteorological data included daily average temperature (T, °C), daily mean atmospheric pressure (AP, hPa), daily average relative humidity (RH, %) and daily mean wind speed (W, m/s). The SPSS22.0 software was used to generate Spearman correlation coefficients in descriptive statistical analysis, and the R3.5.0 software was used to calculate relative risk (RR) and to obtain exposure-response curves. The relationship between meteorological-environmental parameters and daily AOM visits was summarized. RESULTS Correlations were identified between daily AOM visits and CO, O3, SO2, CO, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 levels. NO2, SO2, CO, AP, RH and T levels significantly correlated with daily AOM visits with a lag exposure-response pattern. The effects of CO, NO2, SO2 and AP on daily AOM visits were significantly stronger compared to other factors (P < 0.01). O3, W, T and RH were negatively correlated with daily AOM visits. The highest RR lagged by 3-4 days. CONCLUSIONS The number of daily AOM visits appeared to be correlated with short-term exposure to mixed air pollutants and meteorological factors from 2014 through 2016 in Lanzhou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Tian
- From the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese PLA, 333 Binhenan Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Baicheng Xu
- From the Department of OtolaryngologyeHead and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730030, China
| | - Xinlan Wang
- From the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese PLA, 333 Binhenan Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- From the School of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, No.222,Tianshuinan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, China
| | - Cuiping Zhong
- From the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese PLA, 333 Binhenan Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
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Huang C, Zhang J, Sun C, Liu W, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhao Z, Deng Q, Zhang X, Qian H, Zou Z, Yang X, Sun Y, Xia Z, Weschler LB, Sundell J. Associations between household renovation and rhinitis among preschool children in China: A cross-sectional study. INDOOR AIR 2020; 30:827-840. [PMID: 32297363 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During 2010-2012, we surveyed 40,010 3- to 6-year-old children in seven Chinese cities (Beijing, Taiyuan, Urumqi, Shanghai, Nanjing, Changsha, and Chongqing). Their parents reported information on household renovation, including the timing of renovation and the choice of materials for walls and floors in the child's room, and the incidence of their child's rhinitis. Multivariate and two-level (city-child) logistic regression analyses yielding adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals were performed. Sensitivity analyses stratifying data for location and economic level were also performed. About 48.0% of the children had ever had allergic rhinitis, 41.2% had current allergic rhinitis, and 9.0% had had doctor-diagnosed rhinitis. Exposure to household renovation during early lifetime (birth to 1-year-old) had an AOR of 1.43 (1.04-1.9) for allergic rhinitis. The incidence of allergic rhinitis was significantly different in children exposed to different floor and wall covering materials. Floor or wall covering material composed of organic materials significantly increased the risk of childhood allergic rhinitis compared with tile flooring or lime wall covering. Oil paint had an AOR of 1.66 (1.28-2.14) for diagnosed rhinitis compared with lime wall covering. Adding new furniture the year before pregnancy was associated with an AOR of 1.18 (1.10-1.27) and 1.18 (1.11-1.25) for lifetime and current rhinitis. Solid wood or tiles/ceramic as floor materials, and using wallpaper, oil paint, or emulsion panels as wall materials were risk factors for doctor-diagnosed rhinitis. Sensitivity analyses showed that children living in southern or higher economic level China cities were more likely to have allergic rhinitis with household renovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialing Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chanjuan Sun
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Baizhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Research Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hua Qian
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijun Zou
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuexia Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xia
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jan Sundell
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Lu C, Norbäck D, Li Y, Deng Q. Early-life exposure to air pollution and childhood allergic diseases: an update on the link and its implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:813-827. [PMID: 32741235 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1804868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although mounting evidence has linked environmental factors with childhood allergies, some specific key issues still remain unclear: what is the main environmental factor? what is the critical timing window? And whether these contribute to the development of disease? AREAS COVERED This selective review summarizes recent epidemiological studies on the association between early-life exposure to indoor/outdoor air pollution and childhood allergic diseases. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles published until April 2020. Exposure to the traffic-related air pollutant, NO2, exposure during pregnancy and early postnatal periods is found to be associated with childhood allergies, and exposure during different trimesters causes different allergic diseases. However, exposure to classical air pollutants (PM10 and SO2) also contributes to childhood allergy in developing countries. In addition, early-life exposure to indoor renovation and mold/dampness significantly increases the risk of allergy in children. A synergistic effect between indoor and outdoor air pollution is found in the development of allergic diseases. EXPERT OPINION Early-life exposure to outdoor air pollution and indoor environmental factors plays an important role in the development of childhood allergic diseases, and the synergy between indoor and outdoor exposures increases allergy risk. The available findings support the hypothesis of the 'fetal origins of childhood allergy,' with new implications for the effective control and early prevention of childhood allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Lu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University , Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University , Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China.,School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, China
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Associations between Particulate Matter and Otitis Media in Children: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124604. [PMID: 32604870 PMCID: PMC7345266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), a primary component of air pollution, is a suspected risk factor for the development of otitis media (OM). However, the results of studies on the potential correlation between an increase in the concentration of PM and risk of developing OM are inconsistent. To better characterize this potential association, a meta-analysis of studies indexed in three global databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library) was conducted. These databases were systematically screened for observational studies of PM concentration and the development of OM from the time of their inception to 31 March 2020. Following these searches, 12 articles were analyzed using pooled odds ratios generated from random-effects models to test for an association between an increased concentration of PM and the risk of developing OM. The data were analyzed separately according to the size of particulate matter as PM2.5 and PM10. The pooled odds ratios for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10 concentration were 1.032 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.005–1.060) and 1.010 (95% CI, 1.008–1.012), respectively. Specifically, the pooled odds ratios were significant within the short-term studies (PM measured within 1 week of the development of OM), as 1.024 (95% CI, 1.008–1.040) for PM2.5 concentration and 1.010 (95% CI, 1.008–1.012) for PM10 concentration. They were significant for children under 2 years of age with pooled odds ratios of 1.426 (95% CI, 1.278–1.519) for an increase in the concentration of PM2.5. The incidence of OM was not correlated with the concentration of PM, but was correlated with an increase in the concentration of PM. In conclusion, an increase in the concentration of PM2.5 is more closely associated with the development of OM compared with an increase in the concentration of PM10; this influence is more substantial in shorter-term studies and for younger children.
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Leach AJ, Homøe P, Chidziva C, Gunasekera H, Kong K, Bhutta MF, Jensen R, Tamir SO, Das SK, Morris P. Panel 6: Otitis media and associated hearing loss among disadvantaged populations and low to middle-income countries. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 130 Suppl 1:109857. [PMID: 32057518 PMCID: PMC7259423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Summarise the published evidence on otitis media and associated hearing loss in low to middle-income countries (LMIC) and disadvantaged populations. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and other databases. REVIEW METHODS: Firstly, sensitive search strategy using ‘otitis media’, combined with specific key words for each topic of the review, from January 2015 to June 2019. Then, restriction to LMIC and disadvantaged populations. Topics covered included prevention, epidemiology, risk factors, microbiology, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high degree of methodological heterogeneity and high risk of bias. The majority of studies were school-based. In Africa, Asia and Oceania (e.g., Australian Aboriginal populations) the prevalence of OM was respectively 8% (range 3–16%), 14% (range 7–22%) and 50% (4–95%). Prevalence of any hearing loss in these regions was 12% (range 8–17%), 12% (range 3–24%), and 26% (range 25–28%) respectively. Risk factors in LMIC and disadvantaged populations included age, gender, exposure to smoke and pollution. Microbiology was reported for otitis media with effusion at time of surgery or ear discharge (acute otitis media with perforation or chronic suppurative otitis media). Specimen handling and processing in hospital laboratories was associated with low detection of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Case series described complicated cases of OM due to M. tuberculosis, multidrug resistance and HIV. QOL studies identified discrimination of persons with OM and hearing loss. Diagnostic methods varied greatly, from naked eye to tympanometry. Treatment interventions were reported from four RCTs. Non-RCTs included evaluations of guidelines, surgery outcomes, access to ENTs. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Chronic suppurative otitis media, otitis media with effusion and conductive hearing loss are common in LMIC and disadvantaged populations. Paucity of research, poor regional representation, non-standardised methods and low-quality reporting preclude accurate assessment of disease burden in LMIC and disadvantaged populations. Awareness and adherence to reporting Guidelines should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Jane Leach
- Menzies School of Health Research, John Mathews Building 58, Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Rocklands Dr, Tiwi, NT, 0810, Australia.
| | - Preben Homøe
- Køge University Hospital, Copenhagen, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark.
| | - Clemence Chidziva
- University of Zimbabwe, Department of Surgery, 630 Churchill Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe.
| | - Hasantha Gunasekera
- University of Sydney, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Rd &, Hainsworth St, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Kelvin Kong
- John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, Australia; Hunter ENT, Kookaburra Cct, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - Mahmood F Bhutta
- Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK.
| | - Ramon Jensen
- Dept of Oto-rhino-laryngology and Audiology, F 2071 Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK, 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, København, Denmark.
| | - Sharon Ovnat Tamir
- Dept of OTO-HNS, Samson Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Israel; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Assuta University Hospital, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Ashdod, Israel.
| | - Sumon Kumar Das
- Menzies School of Health Research, John Mathews Building 58, Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Rocklands Dr, Tiwi, NT, 0810, Australia.
| | - Peter Morris
- Menzies School of Health Research, John Mathews Building 58, Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Rocklands Dr, Tiwi, NT, 0810, Australia; Royal Darwin Hospital, Rocklands Dr, Tiwi, NT, 0810, Australia.
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Updated Guidelines for the Management of Acute Otitis Media in Children by the Italian Society of Pediatrics: Prevention. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019; 38:S22-S36. [PMID: 31876602 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, new information has been acquired regarding the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of acute otitis media (AOM). The Italian Pediatric Society, therefore, decided to issue an update to the Italian Pediatric Society guidelines published in 2010. METHODS The search was conducted on Pubmed, and only those studies regarding the pediatric age alone, in English or Italian, published between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018, were included. Each study included in the review was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) methodology. The quality of the systematic reviews was evaluated using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 appraisal tool. The guidelines were formulated using the GRADE methodology by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. RESULTS The importance of eliminating risk factors (passive smoking, environmental pollution, use of pacifier, obesity, limitation of day-care center attendance) and the promotion of breastfeeding and hygiene practices (nasal lavages) was confirmed. The importance of pneumococcal vaccination in the prevention of AOM was reiterated with regard to the prevention of both the first episode of AOM and recurrences. Grommets can be inserted in selected cases of recurrent AOM that did not respond to all other prevention strategies. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for the prevention of recurrent AOM, except in certain carefully selected cases. The use of complementary therapies, probiotics, xylitol and vitamin D is not recommended. CONCLUSIONS The prevention of episodes of AOM requires the elimination of risk factors and pneumococcal and influenza vaccination. The use of other products such as probiotics and vitamin D is not supported by adequate evidence.
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Bové H, Bongaerts E, Slenders E, Bijnens EM, Saenen ND, Gyselaers W, Van Eyken P, Plusquin M, Roeffaers MBJ, Ameloot M, Nawrot TS. Ambient black carbon particles reach the fetal side of human placenta. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3866. [PMID: 31530803 PMCID: PMC6748955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Particle transfer across the placenta has been suggested but to date, no direct evidence in real-life, human context exists. Here we report the presence of black carbon (BC) particles as part of combustion-derived particulate matter in human placentae using white-light generation under femtosecond pulsed illumination. BC is identified in all screened placentae, with an average (SD) particle count of 0.95 × 104 (0.66 × 104) and 2.09 × 104 (0.9 × 104) particles per mm3 for low and high exposed mothers, respectively. Furthermore, the placental BC load is positively associated with mothers’ residential BC exposure during pregnancy (0.63–2.42 µg per m3). Our finding that BC particles accumulate on the fetal side of the placenta suggests that ambient particulates could be transported towards the fetus and represents a potential mechanism explaining the detrimental health effects of pollution from early life onwards. Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy has been associated with impaired birth outcomes. Here, Bové et al. report evidence of black carbon particle deposition on the fetal side of human placentae, including at early stages of pregnancy, suggesting air pollution could affect birth outcome through direct effects on the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannelore Bové
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F-box 2461, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Eli Slenders
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Esmée M Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Nelly D Saenen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wilfried Gyselaers
- Department of Obstetrics, East-Limburg Hospital, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Eyken
- Department of Obstetrics, East-Limburg Hospital, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maarten B J Roeffaers
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F-box 2461, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49-box 706, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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14
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Deng L, Deng Q. The basic roles of indoor plants in human health and comfort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:36087-36101. [PMID: 30387059 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Humans have a close relationship with nature, and so integrating the nature world into indoor space could effectively increase people's engagement with nature, and this in turn may benefit their health and comfort. Since people spend 80-90% of their time indoors, the indoor environment is very important for their health. Indoor plants are part of natural indoor environment, but their effect on the indoor environment and on humans has not been quantified. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the role and importance of indoor plants in human health and comfort according to the following four criteria: photosynthesis; transpiration; psychological effects; and purification. Photosynthesis and transpiration are important mechanisms for plants, and the basic functions maintaining the carbon and oxygen cycles in nature. Above all have potential inspiration to human's activities that people often ignored, for example, the application of solar panel, artificial photosynthesis, and green roof/facades were motivated by those functions. Indoor plants have also been shown to have indirect unconscious psychological effect on task performance, health, and levels of stress. Indoor plants can act as indoor air purifiers, they are an effective way to reduce pollutants indoor to reduce human exposure, and have been widely studied in this regard. Indoor plants have potential applications in other fields, including sensing, solar energy, acoustic, and people's health and comfort. Making full use of various effects in plants benefit human health and comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Deng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Luyten LJ, Saenen ND, Janssen BG, Vrijens K, Plusquin M, Roels HA, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Nawrot TS. Air pollution and the fetal origin of disease: A systematic review of the molecular signatures of air pollution exposure in human placenta. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:310-323. [PMID: 29908461 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal development is a crucial window of susceptibility in which exposure-related alterations can be induced on the molecular level, leading to potential changes in metabolism and development. The placenta serves as a gatekeeper between mother and fetus, and is in contact with environmental stressors throughout pregnancy. This makes the placenta as a temporary organ an informative non-invasive matrix suitable to investigate omics-related aberrations in association with in utero exposures such as ambient air pollution. OBJECTIVES To summarize and discuss the current evidence and define the gaps of knowledge concerning human placental -omics markers in association with prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution. METHODS Two investigators independently searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases to identify all studies published until January 2017 with an emphasis on epidemiological research on prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and the effect on placental -omics signatures. RESULTS From the initial 386 articles, 25 were retained following an a priori set inclusion and exclusion criteria. We identified eleven studies on the genome, two on the transcriptome, five on the epigenome, five on the proteome category, one study with both genomic and proteomic topics, and one study with both genomic and transcriptomic topics. Six studies discussed the triple relationship between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy, the associated placental -omics marker(s), and the potential effect on disease development later in life. So far, no metabolomic or exposomic data discussing associations between the placenta and prenatal exposure to air pollution have been published. CONCLUSIONS Integration of placental biomarkers in an environmental epidemiological context enables researchers to address fundamental questions essential in unraveling the fetal origin of disease and helps to better define the pregnancy exposome of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen J Luyten
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC) - Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Nelly D Saenen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Karen Vrijens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Harry A Roels
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC) - Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Leuven University (KULeuven), Leuven, Belgium.
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16
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Park M, Han J, Jang MJ, Suh MW, Lee JH, Oh SH, Park MK. Air pollution influences the incidence of otitis media in children: A national population-based study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199296. [PMID: 29953484 PMCID: PMC6023207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children’s visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. Methods We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. Results We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. Conclusion These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myoung-jin Jang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Soh SE, Goh A, Teoh OH, Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Shek LPC, Chong YS. Pregnancy Trimester-Specific Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Child Respiratory Health Outcomes in the First 2 Years of Life: Effect Modification by Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E996. [PMID: 29762532 PMCID: PMC5982035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to air pollution is associated with childhood respiratory health; however, no previous studies have examined maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) as a potential effect modifier. We investigated whether maternal pre-pregnancy BMI modified the association of trimester-specific air pollution divided into quartiles of exposure (Q1⁻4) on respiratory health in the Growing Up in Singapore towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study (n = 953) in 2-year-old children. For episodes of wheezing, children of overweight/obese mothers and who were exposed to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in the first trimester had an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 1.85 (1.23⁻2.78), 1.76 (1.08⁻2.85) and 1.90 (1.10⁻3.27) in quartile (Q) 2⁻4, with reference to Q1. This association is seen in the second trimester for bronchiolitis/bronchitis. The risk of ear infection in the first year of life was associated with exposure to PM2.5 in the first trimester with adjusted Odds Ratio (adjOR) (95% CI) = 7.64 (1.18⁻49.37), 11.37 (1.47⁻87.97) and 8.26 (1.13⁻60.29) for Q2⁻4, and similarly in the second year with adjOR (95% CI) = 3.28 (1.00⁻10.73) and 4.15 (1.05⁻16.36) for Q2⁻3. Prenatal exposure to air pollution has an enhanced impact on childhood respiratory health, and differs according to maternal pre-pregnancy BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-E Soh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
| | - Anne Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
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Impacts of Traffic Tidal Flow on Pollutant Dispersion in a Non-Uniform Urban Street Canyon. ATMOSPHERE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos9030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Bowatte G, Tham R, Perret JL, Bloom MS, Dong G, Waidyatillake N, Bui D, Morgan GG, Jalaludin B, Lodge CJ, Dharmage SC. Air Pollution and Otitis Media in Children: A Systematic Review of Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E257. [PMID: 29401661 PMCID: PMC5858326 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Young children are particularly vulnerable to otitis media (OM) which globally affects over 80% of children below the age of 3 years. Although there is convincing evidence for an association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and OM in children, the relationship with ambient air pollution is not clear. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the relationship between ambient air pollution exposure and OM in children. A systematic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE databases. Of 934 references identified, 24 articles were included. There is an increasing body of evidence supporting an association between higher ambient air pollution exposure and a higher risk of OM in children. While NO₂ showed the most consistent association with OM, other specific pollutants showed inconsistent associations. Studies were mainly conducted in high/middle income countries with limited evidence from low-income countries. Although there was a general consensus that higher air pollution exposure is associated with a greater prevalence of OM, the evidence for associations with specific pollutants is inconsistent. More well-designed studies on associations between specific air pollutants as risk factors for OM are warranted, especially in low income countries with high air pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Rachel Tham
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Jennifer L Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Nilakshi Waidyatillake
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Dinh Bui
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey G Morgan
- University Centre for Rural Health, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2480, Australia.
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Healthy People and Places Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Investigation on Indoor Air Pollution and Childhood Allergies in Households in Six Chinese Cities by Subjective Survey and Field Measurements. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14090979. [PMID: 28850091 PMCID: PMC5615516 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14090979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Greater attention is currently being paid to the relationship between indoor environment and childhood allergies, however, the lack of reliable data and the disparity among different areas hinders reliable assessment of the relationship. This study focuses on the effect of indoor pollution on Chinese schoolchildren and the relationship between specific household and health problems suffered. The epidemiological questionnaire survey and the field measurement of the indoor thermal environment and primary air pollutants including CO₂, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), chemical pollutants and fungi were performed in six Chinese cities. A total of 912 questionnaires were eligible for statistical analyses and sixty houses with schoolchildren aged 9-12 were selected for field investigation. Compared with Chinese national standards, inappropriate indoor relative humidity (<30% or >70%), CO₂ concentration exceeding 1000 ppm and high PM2.5 levels were found in some monitored houses. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) were the most frequently detected semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in house dust. Cladosporium, Aspergillus and Penicillium were detected in both indoor air and house dust. This study indicates that a thermal environment with CO₂ exceeding 1000 ppm, DEHP and DBP exceeding 1000 μg/g, and high level of PM2.5, Cladosporium, Aspergillus and Penicillium increases the risk of children's allergies.
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