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Yue S, Wang R, Huang C, Qiao Y, Shen Z, Wei Y, Li Z. Toxicokinetics of selenate in earthworm sub-tissues and potential bio-accessibility assessment of earthworm-derived selenium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116643. [PMID: 38925033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) pollution is mainly caused by anthropogenic activities, and the resulting biosecurity concerns have garnered significant attention in recent years. Using one-compartmental toxicokinetic (TK) modelling, this study explored the kinetic absorption, sub-tissue distribution, and elimination processes of the main Se species (selenate, Se(VI)) in the cultivated aerobic soil of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The bio-accessibility of earthworm-derived Se was assessed using an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion test to evaluate its potential trophic risk. The results demonstrated that Se accumulated in the pre-clitellum (PC) and total tissues (TT) of earthworms in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The highest Se levels in the PC, post-clitellum (PoC), and TT were 70.54, 57.93, and 64.26 mg/kg during the uptake phase, respectively. The kinetic Se contents in the earthworms PC and TT were consistent with the TK model but not with PoC. The earthworm TT exhibited a faster uptake (Kus = 0.83-1.02 mg/kg/day) and elimination rate of Se (Kee = 0.044-0.049 mg/kg/day), as well as a shorter half-life time (LT1/2 = 15.88-14.22 days) than PC at low soil Se levels (≤5 mg/kg). Conversely, the opposite trend was observed with higher Se concentrations (10 and 20 mg/kg). These results are likely attributable to the tissue specificity and concentration of the toxicant. Earthworms PC and TT exhibited a higher kinetic Se accumulation factor (BAFk) than steady-state BAF (BAFss), with values ranging from 8 to 24 and 3-13, respectively. Furthermore, the bio-accessibility of earthworm-derived Se to poultry ranged from 66.25 % to 84.35 %. As earthworms are at the bottom of the terrestrial food chain, the high bio-accessibility of earthworm-derived Se poses a potential risk to predators. This study offers data support and a theoretical foundation for understanding the biological footprint of soil Se and its toxicological impacts and ecological hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Yue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Food Science and Technology of Universities of Shandong, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Food Science and Technology of Universities of Shandong, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China.
| | - Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yunwei Wei
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
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Xing W, Geng H, Wang Y, Zhao L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Tian S, Cao Y, Zhang Z, Li L. Accumulation and speciation of arsenic in Eisenia fetida in sodium arsenite spiked soils - A dynamic interaction between soil and earthworms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:137905. [PMID: 36696923 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid that is a significant global pollutant of the environment and a persistent bioaccumulation carcinogen. Earthworms are frequently employed as sentinel organisms to investigate the bioavailability of As in contaminated soils. However, the process of As accumulation in earthworms and the mechanism of transformation of As species in their bodies are not well understood. The accumulation of As and variation of As species in the earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to sodium arsenite (0, 20, and 80 mg kg-1 As) were investigated in this study. The total As concentration of earthworms in the three treatments at various sample times was dose-dependent on soil As content. After 56 days of exposure, the high concentration treatment had the highest total As content (772 ± 21 mg kg-1) in earthworms, followed by the low concentration treatment (579 ± 42 mg kg-1) and control (31 ± 1 mg kg-1). During 56 days, the proportion of trivalent As in earthworms increased from 70% to more than 90%, while pentavalent As decreased by 11-18%. On day 28, the sum of the four organic As species reached a maximum (<1%). Changes in soil As species and an increase in bioavailable As cause earthworms to accumulate more As. The total As in soil after 56 days of exposure was 9.51 ± 0.50, 25.6 ± 0.60, and 82.8 ± 0.28 mg kg-1, which was not significantly different from the total As in soil before the experiment. These findings are useful in assessing the risk of earthworm exposure to sodium arsenite in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqin Xing
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Hongpei Geng
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Yali Wang
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China.
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Henan Jiyuan Ecological Environment Testing Center, Jiyuan, Henan, 459000, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yale Wang
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Shuhang Tian
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yongxin Cao
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of the Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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Wang R, Yue S, Huang C, Shen Z, Qiao Y, Charles S, Yu J, Cao Z, Li Z, Li Z. Uptake, distribution, and elimination of selenite in earthworm Eisenia fetida at sublethal concentrations based on toxicokinetic model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159632. [PMID: 36283532 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic causes have promoted the rapid increase in environmental selenium (Se) levels, and the complex Se metabolism and dynamic in organisms make it challenging to evaluate the toxicity and ecological risks. In this study, the kinetics of selenite in earthworm Eisenia fetida were investigated based on toxicokinetic (TK) model (uptake-elimination phases: 14-14 days). The results showed the highest sub-tissue Se concentrations in pre-clitellum (PC), post-clitellum (PoC) parts, and total earthworms were 95.71, 70.40, and 79.94 mg/kg, respectively, which indicates the distinctive Se uptake capacities of E. fetida. Se kinetic rates in PCs were faster than that of the total E. fetida for both uptake (Kus = 0.30-0.80 mg/kg/day) and elimination phases (Kee = 0.024-0.056 mg/kg/day). Longer half-life times (LT1/2) were observed in the total earthworms (17.85-47.15 d) than PCs (12.28-29.22 d), while non-significant difference was found for the kinetic Se bioaccumulation factor (BAFk) in PC and total earthworms (12-19), which demonstrates that Se can be efficiently bioaccumulated and eliminated in earthworm PC part. Besides, the significant increase Se concentration in PoC with rapid elimination in PC also illustrates that earthworms can alleviate the Se stress by the transformation strategy of Se from the head to tail tissues. In conclusion, the investigation of Se kinetic accumulation and elimination characteristics in this study is helpful for understanding the metabolism and detoxification processes of Se in earthworms, and also providing a theoretical basis for further Se risk assessment using TK model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China.
| | - Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Sandrine Charles
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Jiafeng Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
| | - Zanxia Cao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, PR China
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Wang Y, Wang ZJ, Huang JC, Chachar A, Zhou C, He S. Bioremediation of selenium-contaminated soil using earthworm Eisenia fetida: Effects of gut bacteria in feces on the soil microbiome. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134544. [PMID: 35405199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) contamination in the soil poses a food safety risk to humans. The present study was to investigate the role of earthworm Eisenia fetida in soil Se remediation. When exposed to selenite at 4 mg Se/kg, E. fetida efficiently concentrated Se in tissues (24.53 mg Se/kg dry weight), however, only accounting for a minor portion of the added Se. Microbial analysis shows 12 out of 15 functional genera became more abundant in the worm-inhabited soil when exposed to Se, suggesting E. fetida contributed to Se remediation mainly by introducing Se-reducing bacteria to the soil via feces, which were dominated by the genera Pseudomonas (∼62.65%) and Aeromonas (∼29.99%), whose abundance was also significantly boosted in the worm-inhabited soil. However, when isolated from worm feces at 200 mg Se/L, Pseudomonas strains only displayed a high tolerance to Se rather than removal capacity. In contrast, among 4 isolated Aeromonas strains, A. caviae rapidly removing 85.74% of the added selenite, mainly through accumulation (67.38%), while A. hydrophila and A. veronii were more effective at volatilizing Se (27.77% and 24.54%, respectively), and A. media performed best by reducing Se by ∼49.00% under anaerobic conditions. Overall, our findings have highlighted the importance of E. fetida as a key contributor of functional bacteria to the soil microbiome, building a strong foundation for the development of an earthworm-soil system for Se bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zi-Jing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Azharuddin Chachar
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Chuanqi Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Song J, Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Lin ZQ, Yuan L, Yin X. Selenium Effect Threshold for Soil Nematodes Under Rice Biofortification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:889459. [PMID: 35646016 PMCID: PMC9131072 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.889459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Crop biofortification with inorganic selenium (Se) fertilizer is a feasible strategy to improve the health of residents in Se-deficient areas. For eco-friendly crop Se biofortification, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of Se on crop and soil nematodes is vital. In this study, a rice pot experiment was carried out to test how selenite supply (untreated control (0), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 100, or 200 mg Se kg-1) in soil affected rice growth, rice Se accumulation, and soil nematode abundance and composition. The results showed that selenite supply (5-200 mg kg-1) generally increased the number of rice tillers, rice yield, and Se concentrations in rice grains. In soil under 10 mg kg-1 Se treatment, the genus composition of nematodes changed significantly compared with that in the control soil. With increased Se level (> 10 mg kg-1), soil nematode abundance decreased significantly. Correlation analysis also demonstrated the positive relationships between soil Se concentrations (total Se and bioavailable Se) with rice plant parameters (number of rice tillers, rice yield, and grain Se concentration) and negative relationships between soil Se concentrations (total Se and bioavailable Se) with soil nematode indexes (nematode abundance and relative abundance of Tobrilus). This study provides insight into balancing Se biofortification of rice and soil nematode community protection and suggests the effective concentrations for total Se (1.45 mg kg-1) and bioavailable Se (0.21 mg kg-1) to soil nematode abundances at 20% level (EC20) as soil Se thresholds. At Se concentrations below these thresholds, rice plant growth and Se accumulation in the grain will still be promoted, but the disturbance of the soil nematodes would be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Song
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhangmin Wang
- Jiangsu Bio-Engineering Research Center for Selenium/Advanced Lab for Functional Agriculture, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China
- Nanjing Institute for FAST/National Innovation Center for Functional Rice, Nanjing, China
| | - Zezhou Zhang
- Jiangsu Bio-Engineering Research Center for Selenium/Advanced Lab for Functional Agriculture, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China
- Nanjing Institute for FAST/National Innovation Center for Functional Rice, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Jiangsu Bio-Engineering Research Center for Selenium/Advanced Lab for Functional Agriculture, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China
- Nanjing Institute for FAST/National Innovation Center for Functional Rice, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States
| | - Linxi Yuan
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuebin Yin
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Jiangsu Bio-Engineering Research Center for Selenium/Advanced Lab for Functional Agriculture, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China
- Nanjing Institute for FAST/National Innovation Center for Functional Rice, Nanjing, China
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Li Y, Li H, Zan K, Wang Y, Zuo T, Jin H, Zhang B, Ma S. Medicinal Earthworm: Speciation and Bioaccessibility of Arsenic and Its Potential Health Risks. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:795530. [PMID: 35431923 PMCID: PMC9008300 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.795530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic in environmental health has caused public concerns all over the world. However, high levels of arsenic residues in medicinal animals have not received enough attention. Medicinal earthworms are consumed widely in China, but its arsenic potential health risks to humans are unknown. This work investigated the total concentration, bioaccessibility, and speciation of arsenic in earthworms by ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS to evaluate its potential health risks to humans. Arsenic was found in all earthworms at concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 53.6 mg kg−1. The bioaccessibility of arsenic (bAs) varied significantly and ranged from 12.1 to 69.1%, with inorganic arsenic (iAs, including As(III) and As(V)) as the predominant species. Furthermore, a small amount of arsenobetaine (AB) was found. The estimated daily intake dose (EDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR) of arsenic in most of the samples exceeded the safe threshold level. Results from this study indicated that the potential health risks by the consumption of earthworms may not be negligible. Herein, recommendations for the use of earthworms and regulatory recommendations for arsenic limit standards were proposed. This study reminds us that more control and monitoring of arsenic in medicinal animals should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolei Li
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hailiang Li
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zan
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Zuo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Zhang, ; Shuangcheng Ma,
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Zhang, ; Shuangcheng Ma,
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Xiao R, Ali A, Xu Y, Abdelrahman H, Li R, Lin Y, Bolan N, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J, Zhang Z. Earthworms as candidates for remediation of potentially toxic elements contaminated soils and mitigating the environmental and human health risks: A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106924. [PMID: 34634621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global concerns towards potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are steadily increasing due to the significant threats that PTEs pose to human health and environmental quality. This calls for immediate, effective and efficient remediation solutions. Earthworms, the 'ecosystem engineers', can modify and improve soil health and enhance plant productivity. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the potential of earthworms, alone or combined with other soil organisms and/or soil amendments, to remediate PTEs contaminated soils. However, the use of earthworms in the remediation of PTEs contaminated soil (i.e., vermiremediation) has not been thoroughly reviewed to date. Therefore, this review discusses and provides comprehensive insights into the suitability of earthworms as potential candidates for bioremediation of PTEs contaminated soils and mitigating environmental and human health risks. Specifically, we reviewed and discussed: i) the occurrence and abundance of earthworms in PTEs contaminated soils; ii) the influence of PTEs on earthworm communities in contaminated soils; iii) factors affecting earthworm PTEs accumulation and elimination, and iv) the dynamics and fate of PTEs in earthworm amended soils. The technical feasibility, knowledge gaps, and practical challenges have been worked out and critically discussed. Therefore, this review could provide a reference and guidance for bio-restoration of PTEs contaminated soils and shall also help developing innovative and applicable solutions for controlling PTEs bioavailability for the remediation of contaminated soils and the mitigation of the environment and human risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xiao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yaqiong Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hamada Abdelrahman
- Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanbing Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Yue S, Huang C, Wang R, Qiao Y. Selenium toxicity, bioaccumulation, and distribution in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to different substrates. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 217:112250. [PMID: 33915450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential microelement for human or animal health. At high concentrations, it can cause Se poisoning. Human activities (such as coal burning and mining) threaten soil biota by mobilizing high levels of Se. We used the earthworm Eisenia fetida as a bio-indicator of environmental pollutants to investigate Se acute toxicity, enrichment, and distribution through exposure tests using filter paper, artificial soil and cow manure. The 24 h- and 48 h-LC50 for the filter paper contact test were 2.7 and 1.52 μg/cm2. In artificial soil test, the 14 d-LC50 and 14 d-biomass inhibition concentration (IC20) were 63.86 and 59.81 mg/kg, respectively. The cow manure resulted in a 2.2- and 2.6-fold higher LC50 and IC20 than artificial soil results, respectively. Earthworms accumulated the largest Se load (89.47 mg/kg) in artificial soil containing 80 mg Se/kg and only accumulated 90.3 mg/kg in cow manure containing 160 mg Se/kg; 46.6-60.59% of the total Se was distributed in the tail of E. fetida. The Se enrichment rate (SERSe) and bioaccumulation factor (BAFSe) scored higher in artificial soil than in cow manure with the same Se concentration exposure, and the highest SERSe was 6.21 and 6.31 mg Se/kg earthworm/d, respectively. The highest BAFSe was 1.49 in artificial soil and 0.75 in cow manure. Our results demonstrate that selenite is more toxic to earthworms living in artificial soil than in cow manure. E. fetida possesses certain Se detoxification mechanisms by distributing Se in the tail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Ma D, Yang S, Jiang J, Zhu J, Li B, Mu W, Dou D, Liu F. Toxicity, residue and risk assessment of tetraniliprole in soil-earthworm microcosms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112061. [PMID: 33636466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Maize seed treatment with chemicals to control underground pests is a common agricultural practice, but inappropriate use of insecticides poses a considerable threat to plant development and soil nontarget organisms. In this study, the availability of tetraniliprole seed dressing to control the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the maize seeding stage and its safety to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were investigated. The selective toxicity (ST) of tetraniliprole between E. fetida and A. ipsilon was greater than 4000. No significant adverse effect of tetraniliprole seed treatment on the germination of maize seeds was observed at concentrations of 2.4-9.6 g a.i. /kg seed. Compared with the untreated control, seed treatment with tetraniliprole at 9.6 g a.i. /kg seed greatly reduced the percentage of damaged plants from 88.73% to 26.67%, and achieved the highest control effect of 69.91%. Tetraniliprole of 2.4 g a.i. /kg seed can effectively inhibit A. ipsilon until 14 days after seed germination, with the lowest mortality rate of 44.44%. During the entire exposure period, the maximum residual concentration of tetraniliprole detected in the soil (5.86 mg/kg) was considerably lower than the LC50 value of tetraniliprole to E. fetida (>4000 mg/kg). According to the low-tier risk assessment, the highest risk quotient (RQ) of tetraniliprole seed treatment to earthworms at test concentrations was 2.8 × 10-3, which was evaluated as acceptable. This study provided data support for tetraniliprole seed treatment to control underground pests in maize fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dicheng Ma
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangong Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamei Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Beixing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Daolong Dou
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Gan X, Huang JC, Zhang M, Zhou C, He S, Zhou W. Remediation of selenium-contaminated soil through combined use of earthworm Eisenia fetida and organic materials. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124212. [PMID: 33535361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se)-polluted soils pose serious threats to terrestrial ecosystems through food chains. This study evaluated the use of earthworm Eisenia fetida and organic materials for Se remediation. The greater mortality (6.7%) and weight loss (28.6%) were observed for earthworms exposed to selenate than selenite at 20 mg Se Kg-1 over 21 d, while selenate was taken up 2.5-fold faster than selenite. Compared with peat moss, Se accumulation increased by 119% in selenite-exposed earthworms supplied with cow manure. Earthworm activity caused greater reduction in selenite (17.4%), with little impact on selenate-treated soil. X-ray absorption spectroscopy speciation analysis shows 87-91% of tissue Se was transformed to organo-Se, i.e., SeMet and SeCys, in earthworms exposed to either selenite or selenate, posing great risks to their predators. The study also found selenium increased bacterial diversity in earthworm casts, while greater relative abundances (~37.57%) of functional genera were obtained for selenite. Over 24 h, two bacteria strains, Bacillus cereus and Aeromonas encheleia, isolated from casts, rapidly reduced selenite by ~94%, compared to ~25% for selenate. Elemental Se was present only in strains (~27%), casts (~11%) and worm-inhabited soil (~2.7%) of selenite treatments, suggesting earthworm gut microbiota could buffer earthworms and other soil fauna from selenite toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Gan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jung-Chen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Chuanqi Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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11
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Cheng Q, Lu C, Shen H, Yang Y, Chen H. The dual beneficial effects of vermiremediation: Reducing soil bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) and improving soil fertility by earthworm (Eisenia fetida) modified by seasonality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142631. [PMID: 33065505 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess earthworm's capability of reducing the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in soil and increasing soil fertility with the modification of seasonal variations of ambient temperatures on the efficacy of vermiremediation. Earthworms were exposed in soil fortified with 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg Cd kg-1, for 7, 14 and 21 days in winter and spring. The bioavailability of Cd in soil, which is represented in the form of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-extractable fraction (DTPA-Cd), were significantly reduced, ranging from 7.9 to 18.3% in winter and 8.8 to 20.8% in spring. Meanwhile, we found earthworm activities could significantly improve the soil fertility as the results of increasing the availability of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in soil, a prominent advantage of vermiremediation in heavy metal-contaminated soil. Although seasonality could increase Cd toxicity in earthworms, higher ambient temperature in spring season also promoted the reduction of Cd bioavailability and the increase of soil fertility, due to significant increase of microbial populations. In conclusion, we reported the dual beneficial effects of vermiremediation in reducing bioavailability of Cd in soil and simultaneously improving soil fertility in which both outcomes were modified by seasonality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Chensheng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Shen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- People's Liberation Army Logistical Engineering University, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Satyro S, Li H, Dehkhoda AM, McMillan R, Ellis N, Baldwin SA. Application of Fe-biochar composites for selenium (Se +6) removal from aqueous solution and effect of the presence of competing anions under environmentally relevant conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 277:111472. [PMID: 33049612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study's aim was to compare biochar and steam activated biochar functionalized with iron for removal of selenium as selenate from solutions also containing nitrate and sulfate. The Fe-biochar composites were made impregnating iron (ferric nitrate) onto regular biochar (RB) and steam activated biochar (SAB), forming the Fe-biochar composites FeRB and FeSAB. Iron oxyhydroxide deposits were observed on the surface of FeRB using Raman spectroscopy analysis, but not on the FeSAB surface. Unmodified biochar samples did not remove selenium, as Se(VI), from solution, whereas FeRB and FeSAB recovered 8.3 mg-Se⋅g-composite-1 and 5.9 mg-Se⋅g-composite-1, respectively. Higher Se uptake was achieved at higher Fe-loads and lower acetone:biochar ratio, to a maximum of 17.3 mg-Se⋅g-composite-1 (FeRB). Washing after Fe-impregnation using deionized water diminished nitrate and Fe-leaching from the Fe-biochar composites while removing selenium. Se(VI) and sulfate uptake were observed when washed composites were tested in the presence of possible competing ions at environmentally relevant concentrations ([Se]t=0 = 1.01 ± 0.03 mg⋅L-1; [N-NO3-]t=0 = 40.2 ± 0.2 mg⋅L-1; and [SO42-]t=0 = 496 ± 25 mg⋅L-1). One of the possible mechanisms of removal might be the complexation of Se with the iron oxyhydroxide deposits (goethite and hematite) found on the FeRB surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen Satyro
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360, East Mall, Vancouver BC, Canada.
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource and Institute of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Academy of Forestry, 658 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Amir M Dehkhoda
- British Columbia Institute of Technology, Chemical & Environmental Technology (School of Energy), 3700, Willingdon Ave, Burnaby BC, Canada
| | - Rhy McMillan
- University of British Columbia, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences 2020-2207 Main Mall, Vancouver BC, Canada
| | - Naoko Ellis
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360, East Mall, Vancouver BC, Canada
| | - Susan A Baldwin
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360, East Mall, Vancouver BC, Canada
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13
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Liu X, Xiao R, Li R, Amjad A, Zhang Z. Bioremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by earthworms (Eisenia fetida): Enhancement with EDTA and bean dregs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115191. [PMID: 32663730 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil has become a global problem due to its toxicity to living organisms. In this study, earthworm (Eisenia fetida) alone or combined with EDTA or bean dregs were used for Cd removal from soils. The total and available Cd in soils, soil physicochemical and biological (soil enzyme) properties, Cd accumulation in the earthworm and its antioxidant responses towards Cd, were determined during the 35 days of soil incubation experiment. Our results showed that earthworms were capable of removing Cd from soils, and the remediation process was accelerated by both EDTA and bean dregs. By translocation of Cd from soils, the content of Cd in earthworm steadily increased with the exposure time to 8.11, 12.80, and 9.26 mg kg-1 on day 35 for T2 (earthworm alone), T3 (EDTA enhancement), and T4 (bean dregs enhancement), respectively. Consequently, a great reduction in the Cd contents in soils was achieved in T3 (36.53%) and T4 (30.8%) compared with T2 (28.95%). The concentrations of water/DTPA extractable Cd were also reduced, indicating the low Cd mobility after amendment. Finally, the soil became more fertile and active after wermi-remediation. The soil pH, EC, NO3--N, available P, and K contents increased, while soil SOM, DOC, and NH4+-N contents were decreased. There were higher soil enzyme activities (including acid phosphatase activity, β-glucosidase activity, and urease activity) among treatments with earthworms. Additionally, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) increased by 100-150 units, and the higher chao1 and Shannon indexes indicated the enhanced microbial community after wermi-remediation, especially among treatment with EDTA and bean dregs. Therefore, we concluded that earthworms, alone or combined with EDTA and bean dregs, are feasible for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Ali Amjad
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
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Romero I, de Francisco P, Gutiérrez JC, Martín-González A. Selenium cytotoxicity in Tetrahymena thermophila: New clues about its biological effects and cellular resistance mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 671:850-865. [PMID: 30947056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient but at high concentrations can produce severe cytotoxicity and genomic damage. We have evaluated the cytotoxicity, ultrastructural and mitochondrial alterations of the two main selenium inorganic species; selenite and selenate, in the eukaryotic microorganism Tetrahymena thermophila. In this ciliate, selenite is more toxic than selenate. Their LC50 values were calculated as 27.65 μM for Se(IV) and 56.88 mM for Se(VI). Significant levels of peroxides/hydroperoxides are induced under low-moderate selenite or selenate concentrations. Se(VI) exposures induce an immediate mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Selenium treated cells show an intense vacuolization and some of them present numerous discrete and small electrondense particles, probably selenium deposits. Mitochondrial fusion, an intense swelling in peripheral mitochondria and mitophagy are detected in selenium treated cells, especially in those exposed to Se (IV). qRT-PCR analysis of diverse genes, encoding relevant antioxidant enzymes or other proteins, like metallothioneins, involved in an environmental general stress response, have shown that they may be crucial against Se(IV) and/or Se (VI) cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Romero
- Dpto. Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, C/. José Antonio Novais, 12, Universidad Complutense (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia de Francisco
- Dpto. Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, C/. José Antonio Novais, 12, Universidad Complutense (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gutiérrez
- Dpto. Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, C/. José Antonio Novais, 12, Universidad Complutense (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-González
- Dpto. Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, C/. José Antonio Novais, 12, Universidad Complutense (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain..
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15
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Selenium accumulation, speciation and bioaccessibility in selenium-enriched earthworm (Eisenia fetida). Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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