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Zeb R, Yin X, Chen F, Wang KJ. Chronic exposure to environmental concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene causes multifaceted toxic effects of developmental compromise, redox imbalance, and modulated transcriptional profiles in the early life stages of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:107016. [PMID: 38991362 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulate and integrate into aquatic environments, raising concerns about the well-being and safety of aquatic ecosystems. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a persistent PAH commonly detected in the environment, has been extensively studied. However, the broader multifaceted toxicity potential of BaP on the early life stages of marine fish during chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations needs further exploration. To fill these knowledge gaps, this study assessed the in vivo biotoxicity of BaP (1, 4, and 8 μg/L) in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) during early development over a 30-day exposure period. The investigation included morphological, biochemical, and molecular-level analyses to capture the broader potential of BaP toxicity. Morphological analyses showed that exposure to BaP resulted in skeletal curvatures, heart anomalies, growth retardation, elevated mortality, delayed and reduced hatching rates. Biochemical analyses revealed that BaP exposure not only created oxidative stress but also disrupted the activities of antioxidant enzymes. This disturbance in redox balance was further explored by molecular level investigation. The transcriptional profiles revealed impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle pathways, which potentially inhibited the oxidative respiratory chain in fish following exposure to BaP, and reduced the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Furthermore, this investigation indicated a potential connection to apoptosis, as demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy and histological analyses, and supported by an increase in the expression levels of related genes via real-time quantitative PCR. This study enhances our understanding of the molecular-level impacts of BaP's multifaceted toxicity in the early life stages of marine medaka, and the associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Zeb
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.
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Cao X, Wang L, Lin J, Wu G, Tang K, Tang J, Yan Z, An M, Liu Z, Zhou Z. Differential bioaccumulation and tolerances of massive and branching scleractinian corals to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in situ. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172920. [PMID: 38701933 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Scleractinian corals are capable of accumulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in reef environments; however, the mechanism behind their PAHs tolerance is unknown. This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of PAHs in coral reef ecosystems and examined the physiological responses induced by PAHs in coral hosts and their algal symbionts, the massive coral Galaxea fascicularis and branching coral Pocillopora damicornis. G. fascicularis had a higher PAHs accumulation capacity than P. damicornis. Both the coral hosts and algal symbionts preferentially accumulated acenaphthene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, and benzo(a)pyrene. The accumulated PAHs by G. fascicularis and P. damicornis hosts was accompanied by a reduction in detoxification ability. The accumulated PAHs could induce oxidative stress in P. damicorni hosts, thus G. fascicularis demonstrated a greater tolerance to PAHs compared to P. damicornis. Meanwhile, their algal symbionts had fewer physiological responses to accumulated PAHs than the coral hosts. Negative effects were not observed with benzo(a)pyrene. Taken together, these results suggest massive and branching scleractinian corals have different PAHs bioaccumulation and tolerance mechanisms, and indicate that long-term PAHs pollution could cause significant alterations of community structures in coral reef ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571127, China
| | - Licheng Wang
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571127, China
| | - Jiamin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guowen Wu
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571127, China
| | - Kai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhicong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Mingxun An
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhaoqun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Menezes N, Cruz I, da Rocha GO, de Andrade JB, Leão ZMAN. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coral reefs with a focus on Scleractinian corals: A systematic overview. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162868. [PMID: 36934938 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of petroleum exploitation and oil spills in marine ecosystems has increased over time. Among the concerns regarding these events, the impact on coral reefs stand out because this ecosystem has ecological and economic importance and is globally threatened. We performed a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of studies that determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coral reefs, attempting to answer how the studies were distributed around the globe, the main environmental matrices and species of coral studied, the main PAHs found and their mean concentrations, and the methodology used. A bibliographic search resulted in 42 studies with worldwide distribution. The bibliometric results presented more explored terms, such as sediments and toxicology, and newly investigated terms, which should encourage a new area of study, such as those related to zooxanthellae and mucus. The main matrices studied in coral reefs are sediments, corals, and water, whereas air and other invertebrates have rarely been studied. Approximately 45 species of corals with several morphotypes have been reported. PAHs recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were analyzed in all studies, while additional compounds were analyzed in only five. The methods used to determine hydrocarbons are predominantly the most traditional; however, for corals, studies have tended to separate tissue, zooxanthellae, skeleton, and mucus. In the future, we recommend investment in improving the capacity to detect non-conventional PAHs, more studies in regions that are rarely explored in developing countries, and the creation of databases to facilitate management planning on marine coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Menezes
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Igor Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Department of Oceanography, Institute of Geosciences, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, Ondina, Salvador 40210-340, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gisele O da Rocha
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jailson B de Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, 41650-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Zelinda M A N Leão
- Laboratory of Coral Reefs and Global Changes-RECOR, Institute of Geosciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo Street, Ondina, Salvador 40210-340, Bahia, Brazil
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Zhu W, Liu X, Zhu M, Li X, Yin H, Huang J, Wang A, Li X. Responses of Symbiodiniaceae Shuffling and Microbial Community Assembly in Thermally Stressed Acropora hyacinthus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:832081. [PMID: 35432258 PMCID: PMC9010789 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.832081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the importance of coral holobionts is widely accepted, the relationship between the flexibility of the microbial structure and the coral host is very complicated. Particularly, the community dynamics of holobionts and the stability of host–microbe interactions under different thermal stresses remain largely unknown. In the present study, we holistically explored the physiology and growth of Acropora hyacinthus in response to increased temperatures (from 26 to 33°C). We observed that bleaching corals with loss of algal symbionts reduced lipids and proteins to maintain their survival, leading to decreased tissue biomass and retarded growth. The diversity of Symbiodiniaceae and symbiont shuffling in the community structure was mainly caused by alterations in the relative abundance of the thermally sensitive but dominant clade C symbionts and low abundance of “background types.” Bacterial diversity showed a decreasing trend with increasing temperature, whereas no significant shifts were observed in the bacterial community structure. This finding might be attributed to the local adjustment of specific microbial community members that did not affect the overall metabolic state of the coral holobiont, and there was no increase in the proportion of sequences identified as typically pathogenic or opportunistic taxa. The Sloan neutral community model showed that neutral processes could explain 42.37–58.43% of bacterial community variation. The Stegen null model analysis indicates that the stochastic processes explain a significantly higher proportion of community assembly than deterministic processes when the temperature was elevated. The weak effect of temperature on the bacterial community structure and assembly might be related to an increase in stochastic dominance. The interaction of bacterial communities exhibits a fluctuating and simplistic trend with increasing temperature. Moreover, temperature increases were sufficient to establish the high stability of bacterial networks, and a non-linear response was found between the complexity and stability of the networks. Our findings collectively provide new insights into successive changes in the scleractinian coral host and holobionts in response to elevated seawater temperatures, especially the contribution of the community assembly process and species coexistence patterns to the maintenance of the coral-associated bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiangbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xinke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongyang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiubao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiubao Li,
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5
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Oladi M, Shokri MR. Multiple benthic indicators are efficient for health assessment of coral reefs subjected to petroleum hydrocarbons contamination: A case study in the Persian Gulf. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124993. [PMID: 33482480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing anthropogenic activities have adversely impacted coral reef ecosystems and their ecological functions. This calls for an urgent assessment of the health state of these valuable ecosystems to justify the need for mitigation and proper management efforts. In this contribution, we used multiple indicators to assess the impact of intense oil-related activities on coral reefs in two near-by impacted and non-impacted islands in the northwestern Persian Gulf. The efficacy of indices was assessed using estimations of the effect size (omega-squared), precision, and decision trees (Classification and Regression Tree (CART)). The results demonstrated that the combination of bioaccumulation of ƩPAH in coral tissues, the percent of live coral cover, and the Sediment Constituent (SEDCON) Index were the most robust proxies reflecting the influence of human activities on reef's health. Based on sedimentary PAH concentration, the CART classified most of the indicators into two classes consisting of those in impacted and those in non-impacted locations, further supporting the feasibility of the employed indices. The findings of this study provided a warning of degradation in coral reefs of the island subjected to PAH pollution. This encourages decision-makers to execute routine monitoring and mitigation practices to maintain healthy reefs in the study areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Oladi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Shokri
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang QL, Jiang YH, Dong ZX, Li HW, Lin LB. Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene triggers distinct patterns of microRNA transcriptional profiles in aquatic firefly Aquatica wuhana (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123409. [PMID: 32763701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Larval aquatic fireflies in fresh water are adversely affected by water pollutants such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). However, their response to BaP stress at the microRNA (miRNA)-regulatory level remains unknown. Here, transcriptomes containing 31,872 genes and six miRNA transcriptional profiles were obtained for Aquatica wuhana larvae, and comparative analysis was performed between larvae exposed to BaP (0.01 mg/L) and unexposed controls. Fifteen of 114 miRNAs identified via bioinformatics were detected as differentially expressed (DEMs) upon BaP exposure. Analysis results of predicted target genes of DEM suggests that BaP exposure primarily triggered transcriptional changes of miRNA associated with five major regulatory categories: 1) osmotic balance, 2) energy metabolic efficiency, 3) development, 4) xenobiotic metabolism (oxidative stress), and 5) innate immune response. Based on six innate immune- and xenobiotic metabolism-related pathways enriched by the predicted DEM targets, 11 key BaP-responsive DEMs were further screened to investigate dynamic changes of expression in response to BaP stress at five time points, and also to validate the miRNA sequencing data using quantitative real-time PCR. This study provides valuable information for the protection of firefly resources and supplements the understanding of miRNA regulatory mechanisms in response to water deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Yu-Hang Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Dong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, 650500, China.
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7
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Yang XJ, Zheng HL, Liu YY, Li HW, Jiang YH, Lin LB, Deng XY, Zhang QL. Selection of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Aquatica leii (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) Under Five Different Experimental Conditions. Front Physiol 2020; 11:555233. [PMID: 33123022 PMCID: PMC7573347 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.555233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquatic fireflies are important indicators of the quality of freshwater environments and key models for research on insect adaptation to freshwater environments. For these investigations, gene expression analyses using quantitative real-time PCR are heavily dependent on reliable reference genes. In this study, based on a transcriptome assembly and annotation for the aquatic firefly Aquatica leii at the adult and larval stages, 10 candidate reference genes (α-tubulin, β-tubulin, β-actin, EF1A, SDHA, UBQ, GST, GAPDH, RPS31, and RPL13A) were identified for analyses of expression stability. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses for each candidate reference genes in A. leii was conducted for four developmental stages, four adult tissue types, two adult sexes, and two ecological stressors [adults exposed to five temperatures and larvae exposed to four concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene]. Results were evaluated by three independent algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper) and one comparative algorithm (RefFinder). The expression stability of candidate reference genes in A. leii differed under various conditions. Reference genes with the most stable expressions levels in different tissues, temperatures, sexes, developmental stages, and concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene were α-tubulin, GST, β-actin, β-tubulin, and α-tubulin, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal normalization factors (NFs) for the quantification of the expression levels of target genes by quantitative real-time PCR analyses of A. leii were identified for each experimental group. In particular, NF = 2 for different tissues (α-tubulin + β-tubulin), different sexes (β-actin + EF1A), and larvae exposed to different concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene (α-tubulin + EF1A); NF = 3 for developmental stages (GST + GAPDH + SDHA) and adults exposed to different temperatures (β-tubulin + EFA + GST). In addition, we surveyed the expression profiles of two target genes (CYP3A and CSP8) in larvae exposed to different concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene and in different adult tissues. The results further validated the reliability of the reference genes. The optimal reference genes for various experimental conditions identified in these analyses provide a useful tool for ecological studies of aquatic fireflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Hai-Long Zheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Ying-Yang Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Hang Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Xian-Yu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, China
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Nam SE, Saravanan M, Rhee JS. Benzo[ a]pyrene constrains embryo development via oxidative stress induction and modulates the transcriptional responses of molecular biomarkers in the marine medaka Oryzias javanicus. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 55:1050-1058. [PMID: 32427057 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1767452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Embryos from the marine medaka fish Oryzias javanicus were treated with eight concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, 5, 10, or 20 μg L--1) after they had been fertilized. Significant mortality and hatching delays were detected in embryos that had been exposed to 10 and 20 μg L-1 BaP for 4 weeks. The mortality rate after hatching was higher in the medaka that had been previously exposed to > 2 μg L-1 BaP. Significant elevations in intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde contents were measured and the mRNA expressions of the antioxidant defense system genes (gst, sod, cat, and gpx) increased in the embryos exposed to 10 and 20 μg L-1 BaP for 1 week. The hsp70, ahr, and cyp1a transcriptional responses were also significantly upregulated in the exposed groups after 1 week. The alterations to the in vivo parameters and molecular components suggested that waterborne BaP had a toxic effect on marine medaka embryos. Finally, fin defects, spinal curvature, and cardiac edema were highly induced when the embryos were exposed to > 5 μg L-1 BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Manoharan Saravanan
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
- Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, Incheon, South Korea
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Zhang QL, Guo J, Deng XY, Wang F, Chen JY, Lin LB. Comparative transcriptomic analysis provides insights into the response to the benzo(a)pyrene stress in aquatic firefly (Luciola leii). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 661:226-234. [PMID: 30677670 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have reported that behavior and bioluminescence of fireflies could be affected by changes in environment conditions. However, little is known about how the deterioration of the aquatic environment affects aquatic fireflies, particularly with respect to molecular responses following exposure to water pollutants, such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), which is a key indicator in environmental risk assessment because of the hazards it poses. Here, whole transcriptome sequencing and gene expression analysis were performed on freshwater fireflies (Luciola leii) exposed to BaP (concentration of 0.01 mg/L). Four transcriptomic libraries were constructed for the control and treatment groups, including two biological replicates. From the mixed pools (each pool contains 60 individuals from three time points), a total of 54,282 unigenes were assembled. Furthermore, 329,337 of Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1324 of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) were predicted using bioinformatics, which is useful for the future development of molecular markers. Subsequently, 2414 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in response to BaP stress in comparison to the control, including 1350 up-regulated and 1064 down-regulated DEGs. Functional enrichment showed that these DEGs are primarily related to innate immunity; xenobiotic biodegradation and response, biomacromolecule metabolism, biosynthesis, and absorption. Eight key BaP-responsive DEGs were screened to survey the dynamic changes of expression in response to BaP stress at different time points, and to validate the RNA sequencing data using quantitative real-time PCR. The results indicate that the expression of genes encoding UGT, CYP3A, CYP9, CYP6AS5 and ADHP were induced, while those encoding UGT2B10L, PTGDS, and ALDH were reduced, to participate in response to the BaP exposure and potentially help counteract the adverse effects of BaP. This investigation provides insight into the toxicological response of fireflies to the occurrence of water deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jun Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xian-Yu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun-Yuan Chen
- LPS, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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10
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Zhang QL, Dong ZX, Xiong Y, Li HW, Guo J, Wang F, Deng XY, Chen JY, Lin LB. Genome-wide transcriptional response of microRNAs to the benzo(a)pyrene stress in amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:205-210. [PMID: 30471501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphioxus, a cephalochordate found in sand habitats in shallow in-shore seawaters, has been widely used as a model in comparative immunology of chordates. However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in amphioxus under abiotic stress, particularly xenobiotics with strong toxicity, remains largely unknown. Here, a widespread marine contaminant, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is used to evaluate its toxic effects on miRNA expression of amphioxus. Six small RNA libraries were sequenced from Branchiostoma belcheri. A total of 144 known and 157 novel miRNAs were identified using deep sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. A total of 58 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were screened, including 25 up- and 33 down-regulated DEMs under BaP stress. Target genes possibly regulated by DEMs were predicted, and their functional enrichment analyses were performed. Targets of DEMs are primarily involved in xenobiotic and cellular homeostasis, catabolic and transport process. They could be largely linked to nine immune- and toxin detoxification-related pathways, including metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, drug metabolism-other enzymes, and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, etc. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis for 12 key BaP-responsive DEMs validates the accuracy of deep sequencing. Experiments were then conducted to investigate their expression responses to BaP stress at different time intervals in detail to further determine their expression dynamic in responses of B. belcheri towards BaP exposure. This study, to the best of our knowledge, investigates the regulatory roles of miRNAs in the toxicological response of amphioxus for the first time, providing valuable information for the protection of lone existing cephalochordate amphioxus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiang Dong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xian-Yu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun-Yuan Chen
- LPS, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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