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Feng X, Sun D. Degradation characteristics of refractory organic matter in naproxen pharmaceutical secondary effluent using vacuum ultraviolet-ozone treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132056. [PMID: 37467614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum ultraviolet-ozone (VUV-O3) treatment was found to be superior to ultraviolet-ozone (UV-O3) treatment in terms of ozone utilization and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generation when used to treat the secondary effluent (SE) from a naproxen pharmaceutical plant. VUV-O3 treatment was beneficial in terms of decolorization (100%), chemical oxygen demand removal (43.29%), and total organic carbon removal (54.81%). The VUV-O3 process was applicable over a wide pH range, and the presence of various anions had no significant influence on the oxidation efficiency. After treatment, the genotoxicity, unsaturation degree, and polarity of the SE decreased. In addition, the oxidation sensitivities of the fluorescent organic compounds were ranked as follows: humic acid-like > tyrosine-like > fulvic acid-like > tryptophan-like Moreover, the VUV-O3 process effectively converted refractory organic matter (molecular weights, MW > 2000 Da) into short-chain molecules with low MWs. The removal efficiency of dissolved organic matter (DOM) was 63.27%, and 77.27% of the DOM was found to be reactive to VUV-O3 oxidation. The unsaturation, polarity, and compositional complexity of the DOM decreased after VUV-O3 treatment. Finally, it was deduced that the direct O3 oxidation,·OH, O2·- and 1O2 played a role in the VUV-O3 oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Zezulka Š, Kummerová M, Šmeringai J, Babula P, Tříska J. Ambiguous changes in photosynthetic parameters of Lemna minor L. after short-term exposure to naproxen and paracetamol: Can the risk be ignored? AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 259:106537. [PMID: 37060818 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are recently monitored in the aquatic environment. Naproxen (NPX), paracetamol (PCT) and their transformation products can influence the biochemical and physiological processes at the sub-cellular and cellular levels taking part in the growth and development of plants. This study aimed to compare the effects of NPX and PCT, drugs with different physico-chemical properties, on the growth and photosynthetic processes in Lemna minor during a short-term (7 days) exposure. Although duckweed took up more than five times higher amount of PCT as compared to NPX (275.88 µg/g dry weight to 43.22 µg/g when treated with 10 mg/L), only NPX limited the number of new plants by 9% and 26% under 1 and 10 mg/L, respectively, and increased their dry weight (by 18% under 10 mg/L) and leaf area per plant. A considerable (by 30%) drop in the content of photosynthetic pigments under 10 mg/L treatment by both drugs did not significantly affect the efficiency of the primary processes of photosynthesis. Values of induced chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F0, FV/FM, ΦII, and NPQ) showed just a mild stimulation by PCT and a negative effect by NPX (by up to 10%), especially on the function of photosystem II and electron transport in both intact duckweed plants and isolated chloroplasts. Lowered efficiency of Hill reaction activity (by more than 10% under 0.1 - 10 mg/L treatments) in isolated chloroplasts suspension proved the only inhibition effect of PCT to primary photosynthetic processes. In intact plants, higher treatments (0.5 - 10 mg/L) by both NPX and PCT induced an increase in RuBisCO content. The results prove that the potential effect of various drugs on plants is hard to generalise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Zezulka
- Institute of Experimental Biology - Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Kummerová
- Institute of Experimental Biology - Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Šmeringai
- Plant Sciences Core Facility, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) at Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Dep. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Tříska
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Isotope Analyses, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic
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3
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Gorshkov AP, Kusakin PG, Borisov YG, Tsyganova AV, Tsyganov VE. Effect of Triazole Fungicides Titul Duo and Vintage on the Development of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Symbiotic Nodules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8646. [PMID: 37240010 PMCID: PMC10217885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are widely used in agricultural production for plant protection, including pea (Pisum sativum L.). The use of fungicides can negatively affect the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. In this study, the effects of triazole fungicides Vintage and Titul Duo on nodule formation and, in particular, on nodule morphology, were studied. Both fungicides at the highest concentration decreased the nodule number and dry weight of the roots 20 days after inoculation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the following ultrastructural changes in nodules: modifications in the cell walls (their clearing and thinning), thickening of the infection thread walls with the formation of outgrowths, accumulation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrates in bacteroids, expansion of the peribacteroid space, and fusion of symbiosomes. Fungicides Vintage and Titul Duo negatively affect the composition of cell walls, leading to a decrease in the activity of synthesis of cellulose microfibrils and an increase in the number of matrix polysaccharides of cell walls. The results obtained coincide well with the data of transcriptomic analysis, which revealed an increase in the expression levels of genes that control cell wall modification and defense reactions. The data obtained indicate the need for further research on the effects of pesticides on the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis in order to optimize their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemii P. Gorshkov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia; (A.P.G.); (P.G.K.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Pyotr G. Kusakin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia; (A.P.G.); (P.G.K.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Yaroslav G. Borisov
- Research Resource Centre “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia;
| | - Anna V. Tsyganova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia; (A.P.G.); (P.G.K.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Viktor E. Tsyganov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia; (A.P.G.); (P.G.K.); (A.V.T.)
- Saint Petersburg Scientific Center RAS, Universitetskaya Embankment 5, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
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Mercado SAS, Galvis DGV. Paracetamol ecotoxicological bioassay using the bioindicators Lens culinaris Med. and Pisum sativum L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:61965-61976. [PMID: 36934188 PMCID: PMC10024602 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Paracetamol is one of the most widely used drugs worldwide, yet its environmental presence and hazardous impact on non-target organisms could rapidly increase. In this study, the possible cytotoxic effects of paracetamol were evaluated using two bioindicator plants Lens culinaris and Pisum sativum. Concentrations of 500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 50, 25, 5, 1 mg L-1, and a control (distilled water) were used for a total of 10 treatments, which were subsequently applied on seeds of Lens culinaris Med. and Pisum sativum L.; after 72 h of exposure, root growth, mitotic index, percentage of chromosomal abnormalities, and the presence of micronucleus were evaluated. The cytotoxic effect of paracetamol on L. culinaris and P. sativum was demonstrated, reporting the inhibition of root growth, the presence of abnormalities, and a significant micronucleus index at all concentrations used, which shows that this drug has a high degree of toxicity.
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Dong L, He Z, Wu J, Zhang K, Zhang D, Pan X. Remediation of uranium-contaminated alkaline soil by rational application of phosphorus fertilizers: Effect and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115172. [PMID: 36584849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In alkaline soil, abundant carbonates will mobilize uranium (U) and increase its ecotoxicity, which is a serious threat to crop growth. However, the knowledge of U remediation in alkaline soils remains very limited. In this study, U-contaminated alkaline soil (tillage layer) was collected from the Ili mining area of Xinjiang, the soil remediation was carried out by using phosphorus (P) fertilizers of different solubility (including KH2PO4, Ca(H2PO4)2, CaHPO4, and Ca3(PO4)2), and the pathways and mechanisms of U passivation in the alkaline soil were revealed. The results showed that water-soluble P fertilizers, KH2PO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2, were highly effective at immobilizing U, and significantly reduced the bioavailability of soil U. The exchangeable U was reduced by 70.5 ± 0.1% (KH2PO4) and 68.2 ± 1.9% (Ca(H2PO4)2), which was converted into the Fe-Mn oxide-bound and residual phases. Pot experiments showed that soil remediation by KH2PO4 significantly promoted crop growth, especially for roots, and reduced U uptake in crops by 94.5 ± 1.0%. The immobilization of U by KH2PO4 could be attributed to the release of phosphate anions, which react with the uranyl ion (UO22+) forming a stable mineral of meta-ankoleite and enhancing the binding of UO22+ to the soil Fe-Mn oxides. In addition, KH2PO4 dissolution produces acidity and P fertilizer, which can reduce soil alkalinity and improve crop growth. The findings in this work demonstrate that a rational application of P fertilizer can effectively, conveniently, and cheaply remediate U contamination and improve crop yield and safety on alkaline farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhanfei He
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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Svobodníková L, Kummerová M, Zezulka Š, Martinka M, Klemš M, Čáslavský J. Pea root responses under naproxen stress: changes in the formation of structural barriers in the primary root in context with changes of auxin and abscisic acid levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:1-11. [PMID: 36542231 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals belong to pseudo-persistent pollutants because of constant entry into the environment and hazardous potential for non-target organisms, including plants, in which they can influence biochemical and physiological processes. Detailed analysis of results obtained by microscopic observations using fluorescent dyes (berberine hemisulphate, Fluorol Yellow 088), detection of phytohormone levels (radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) and thermogravimetric analysis of lignin content proved that the drug naproxen (NPX) can stimulate the formation of root structural barriers. In the primary root of plants treated with 0.5, 1, and 10 mg/L NPX, earlier Casparian strip formation and development of the whole endodermis circle closer to its apex were found after five days of cultivation (by 9-20% as compared to control) and after ten days from 0.1 mg/L NPX (by 8-63%). Suberin lamellae (SL) were deposited in endodermal cells significantly closer to the apex under 10 mg/L NPX by up to 75%. Structural barrier formation under NPX treatment can be influenced indirectly by auxin-supported cell division and differentiation caused by its eight-times higher level under 10 mg/L NPX and directly by stimulated SL deposition induced by abscisic acid (higher from 0.5 mg/L NPX), as proved by the higher proportion of cells with SL in the primary root base (by 8-44%). The earlier modification of endodermis in plant roots can help to limit the drug transfer and maintain the homeostasis of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Svobodníková
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Kummerová
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Zezulka
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Martinka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Klemš
- Institute of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Čáslavský
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Isotope Analyses, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Mendoza NGA, Mercado SAS. Cytogenotoxicity of fifth-generation quaternary ammonium using three plant bioindicators. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103972. [PMID: 36089239 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The investigation aimed to determine the cytogenotoxic effect of fifth-generation quaternary ammonium using three plant species as bioindicators. Bulbs of A. cepa and seeds of L. culinaris and P. sativum were exposed to different concentrations of fifth-generation quaternary ammonium and a control solution of distilled water for 72 h. The results showed that the A. cepa bioindicator presented the greatest reduction in root length at 50 mg L-1 and no mitotic index at 40 and 50 mg L-1, reaching 100% mitotic inhibition. Cell abnormalities were present among the three bioindicator species, where the highest index of micronuclei occurred at 50 mg L-1, being A. cepa the bioindicator with the highest relative rate of abnormality (25.28%). It was concluded that fifth-generation quaternary ammonium, in all treatments, caused a cytogenotoxic effect on the apical meristematic cells of the three species, A. cepa was the most sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Avenida Gran Colombia No. 12E-96B, Colsag, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia.
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Ortúzar M, Esterhuizen M, Olicón-Hernández DR, González-López J, Aranda E. Pharmaceutical Pollution in Aquatic Environments: A Concise Review of Environmental Impacts and Bioremediation Systems. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:869332. [PMID: 35558129 PMCID: PMC9087044 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.869332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of emerging contaminants in the environment, such as pharmaceuticals, is a growing global concern. The excessive use of medication globally, together with the recalcitrance of pharmaceuticals in traditional wastewater treatment systems, has caused these compounds to present a severe environmental problem. In recent years, the increase in their availability, access and use of drugs has caused concentrations in water bodies to rise substantially. Considered as emerging contaminants, pharmaceuticals represent a challenge in the field of environmental remediation; therefore, alternative add-on systems for traditional wastewater treatment plants are continuously being developed to mitigate their impact and reduce their effects on the environment and human health. In this review, we describe the current status and impact of pharmaceutical compounds as emerging contaminants, focusing on their presence in water bodies, and analyzing the development of bioremediation systems, especially mycoremediation, for the removal of these pharmaceutical compounds with a special focus on fungal technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Ortúzar
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Edificio Departamental, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maranda Esterhuizen
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Finland and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Joint Laboratory of Applied Ecotoxicology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe, Saarbrücken, Germany.,University of Manitoba, Clayton H. Riddell Faculty of Environment, Earth, and Resources, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Darío Rafael Olicón-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús González-López
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elisabet Aranda
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Moreno Ríos AL, Gutierrez-Suarez K, Carmona Z, Ramos CG, Silva Oliveira LF. Pharmaceuticals as emerging pollutants: Case naproxen an overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132822. [PMID: 34767851 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including naproxen (NP), diclofenac, ibuprofen, etc., are widely used for fever and pain relief. NP is one of the most widely consumed drugs in the world, because it is available over the counter in many countries. Many studies have proven that NP is not eliminated in conventional water treatment processes and its biodegradation in the environment is also difficult compared to other drugs. Along these lines, we are aware that both the original compound and its metabolites can be found in different destinations in the environment. To assess the environmental exposure and the risks associated with NP, it is important to understand better the environment where they finally reach, the behavior of its original compounds, its metabolites, and its transformation products. In this sense, the purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the introduction and behavior of NP in the environments they reach and highlight research needs and gaps. Likewise, we present the sources, environmental destinations, toxicology, environmental effects, and quantification methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Liliana Moreno Ríos
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Karol Gutierrez-Suarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Zenen Carmona
- Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Claudete Gindri Ramos
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Luis Felipe Silva Oliveira
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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Biczak R, Pawłowska B. Reaction of spring barley seedlings and H. incongruens crustaceans to the presence of acetylsalicylic acid in soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:113936. [PMID: 34700078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the more commonly used analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory as well as anticoagulant drugs available in the OTC (over the counter) segment. Due to the considerable use of this drug, an attempt was made to determine the effect of ASA on the crustacean Heterocypris incongruens and the monocotyledonous plant spring barley. The tested compounds were introduced into soil in which these organisms "lived". The study showed that ASA had an adverse effect on seed germination potential as well as a negative effect on spring barley growth; however, and photosynthetic pigments content was observed only at the highest concentrations of the studied compounds. ASA did not cause oxidative stress in plants but did also cause disturbances in the growth of H. incongruens, without causing their mortality. As a result, ASA may have certain negative effects on both crustaceans and monocots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Biczak
- Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, The Faculty of Science and Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
| | - Barbara Pawłowska
- Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, The Faculty of Science and Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
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Pawłowska B, Telesiński A, Biczak R. Effect of diclofenac and naproxen and their mixture on spring barley seedlings and Heterocypris incongruens. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:103746. [PMID: 34536620 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a popular group of drugs used worldwide. These drugs are also available over the counter, which implies that their consumption is not strictly regulated. They are released through wastewater and feces and can have adverse effects on the environment. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of two NSAIDs, diclofenac (DCF) and naproxen (NAP), and their mixture (DCF + NAP) on spring barley seedlings and ostracods Heterocypris incongruens. The tested drugs had a negative impact on bivalve ostracods and the studied plants. DCF was the most toxic toward ostracods, while spring barley seedlings were affected the most by NAP. The application of the tested compounds and their mixture resulted in a decrease in fresh weight yield and the content of photosynthetic pigments. In addition, an increase in H2O2 and proline content and changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (POD, APX, CAT, and SOD) were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pawłowska
- Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, The Faculty of Science and Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, The Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Juliusza Słowackiego st. 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Biczak
- Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, The Faculty of Science and Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland
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Response of Two Crop Plants, Zea mays L. and Solanum lycopersicum L., to Diclofenac and Naproxen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168856. [PMID: 34445561 PMCID: PMC8396214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among numerous contaminants, the ubiquitous occurrence of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the environment and their plausible harmful impact on nontarget organisms have made them one of the most important areas of concern in recent years. Crop plants can also potentially be exposed to NSAIDs, since the concentration of these pharmaceuticals is constantly rising in the surface water and soil. Our goal was to evaluate the stress response of two crop plants, maize and tomato, to treatment with selected NSAIDs, naproxen and diclofenac. The focus of the research was on the growth response, photosynthetic efficiency, selected oxidative stress factors (such as the H2O2 level and the rate of lipid peroxidation) as well as the total phenolic content, which represents the non-enzymatic protectants against oxidative stress. The results indicate that susceptibility to the NSAIDs that were tested is dependent on the plant species. A higher sensitivity of tomato manifested in growth inhibition, a decrease in the content of the photosynthetic pigments and a reduction in the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII and the activity of PSII, which was estimated using the Fv/Fm and Fv/F0 ratios. Based on the growth results, it was also possible to reveal that diclofenac had a more toxic effect on tomato. In contrast to tomato, in maize, neither the content of the photosynthetic pigments nor growth appeared to be affected by DFC and NPX. However, both drugs significantly decreased in maize Fv and Fm, which are particularly sensitive to stress. A higher H2O2 concentration accompanied, in most cases, increasing lipid peroxidation, indicating that oxidative stress occurred in response to the selected NSAIDs in the plant species that were studied. The higher phenolic content of the plants after NSAIDs treatment may, in turn, indicate the activation of defense mechanisms in response to the oxidative stress that is triggered by these drugs.
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Ibañez SG, Travaglia CN, Medina MI, Agostini E. Vicia villosa Roth: a cover crop to phytoremediate arsenic polluted environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38604-38612. [PMID: 33738737 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vicia villosa Roth is a legume species with a growing application in Argentina as a cover crop (CC), a practice that favors the sustainable development of agricultural systems. However, several areas where the use of this CC provides numerous advantages are affected by high concentrations of arsenic (As). Thus, in the present work we studied hairy vetch ability to cope with arsenate [As(V)], arsenite [As(III)], and the mixture of both along with oxidative stress indexes [chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) equivalents] as well as anatomical and histological changes in the root structure. The results obtained suggested a different behavior of hairy vetch depending on its growth stage and on metal(oid) concentration. The roots treated with the contaminant showed less turgidity, thickening of the epidermal and subepidermal parenchymal outer layers, and the presence of dark deposits. The morpho-anatomic parameters (cortex length, vascular cylinder diameter, total diameter, and vascular cylinder area) were altered in plants treated with As(V) and As(V)/As(III) whereas the roots of plants treated with As(III) did not show significant differences respect to the control. Moreover V. villosa could tolerate and remove As from soil, thus the use of this legume species seems an attractive approach to remediate As while protecting contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina G Ibañez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud, INBIAS-CONICET, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601 (CP 5800), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Claudia N Travaglia
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas, INIAB-CONICET, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601 (CP 5800), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María I Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud, INBIAS-CONICET, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601 (CP 5800), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud, INBIAS-CONICET, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601 (CP 5800), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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