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Bertucci JI, Blanco Osorio A, Vidal-Liñán L, Bellas J. Developmental and biochemical markers of the impact of pollutant mixtures under the effect of Global Climate Change. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142162. [PMID: 38697568 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the combined impact of microplastics (MP) and Chlorpyriphos (CPF) on sea urchin larvae (Paracentrotus lividus) under the backdrop of ocean warming and acidification. While the individual toxic effects of these pollutants have been previously reported, their combined effects remain poorly understood. Two experiments were conducted using different concentrations of CPF (EC10 and EC50) based on previous studies from our group. MP were adsorbed in CPF to simulate realistic environmental conditions. Additionally, water acidification and warming protocols were implemented to mimic future ocean conditions. Sea urchin embryo toxicity tests were conducted to assess larval development under various treatment combinations of CPF, MP, ocean acidification (OA), and temperature (OW). Morphometric measurements and biochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the effects comprehensively. Results indicate that combined stressors lead to significant morphological alterations, such as increased larval width and reduced stomach volume. Furthermore, biochemical biomarkers like acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GRx) activities were affected, indicating oxidative stress and impaired detoxification capacity. Interestingly, while temperature increase was expected to enhance larval growth, it instead induced thermal stress, resulting in lower growth rates. This underscores the importance of considering multiple stressors in ecological assessments. Biochemical biomarkers provided early indications of stress responses, complementing traditional growth measurements. The study highlights the necessity of holistic approaches when assessing environmental impacts on marine ecosystems. Understanding interactions between pollutants and environmental stressors is crucial for effective conservation strategies. Future research should delve deeper into the impacts at lower biological levels and explore adaptive mechanisms in marine organisms facing multiple stressors. By doing so, we can better anticipate and mitigate the adverse effects of anthropogenic pollutants on marine biodiversity and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Bertucci
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO-CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo, Pontevedra, Postal Code: 36390, Spain.
| | - A Blanco Osorio
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO-CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo, Pontevedra, Postal Code: 36390, Spain
| | - L Vidal-Liñán
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO-CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo, Pontevedra, Postal Code: 36390, Spain
| | - J Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO-CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo, Pontevedra, Postal Code: 36390, Spain
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Iván-Baragaño Y, Zarokanellos ND, Sureda A, Capa M. Under pressure: Assessing the ecological boundaries of the epipelagic goose barnacle Lepas anatifera using ocean gliders and laboratory experiments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116278. [PMID: 38518576 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Epipelagic barnacles have been considered good bioindicators since they are abundant and broadly distributed but with apparent tolerance restrictions to temperature and salinity, and also bioaccumulate pollutants. However, Lepas anatifera was found attached to the oceanic gliders, thriving through drastic and unreported environmental fluctuations. This study aimed to assess the resistance and oxidative stress responses of L. anatifera collected from gliders and attached to floating litter to temperature, salinity, and pressure. Barnacles withstood all tested pressure, temperature, and salinity ranges, except the extreme salt concentration. The activities of antioxidant enzymes - catalase and superoxide dismutase - were significantly increased under high temperature, high pressure, and low salinity. Malondialdehyde levels significantly increased only under high pressure. In conclusion, L. anatifera can be considered resistant organisms to extreme environmental changes. However, the instauration of oxidative stress under certain circumstances makes them vulnerable to predicted future trends in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yago Iván-Baragaño
- Balearic Biodiversity Centre, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | | | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Capa
- Balearic Biodiversity Centre, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
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Jimenez-Guri E, Murano C, Paganos P, Arnone MI. PVC pellet leachates affect adult immune system and embryonic development but not reproductive capacity in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115604. [PMID: 37820449 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a major concern of our age, eliciting a range of effects on organisms including during embryonic development. Plastic preproduction pellets stunt the development of sea urchins through the leaching of teratogenic compounds. However, the effect of these leachates on adult sea urchins and their fertility is unknown. Here we investigate the effect of PVC leachates on the capacity to produce normal embryos, and demonstrate that adults kept in contaminated water still produce viable offspring. However, we observe a cumulative negative effect by continued exposure to highly polluted water: adult animals had lower counts and disturbed morphological profiles of immune cells, were under increased oxidative stress, and produced embryos less tolerant of contaminated environments. Our findings suggest that even in highly polluted areas, sea urchins are fertile, but that sublethal effects seen in the adults may lead to transgenerational effects that reduce developmental robustness of the embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jimenez-Guri
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
| | - Carola Murano
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Periklis Paganos
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Ina Arnone
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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Zhang W, Liu J, Li Q, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Lei N, Wang Q. Effects of combined exposure of PVC and PFOA on the physiology and biochemistry of Microcystis aeruginosa. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139476. [PMID: 37451644 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have drawn significant attention as emerging threats to aquatic ecosystems. There are currently just a few investigations on the combined toxicity of PFAS and MP on freshwater microalgae. In this research, the combined toxicity of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to Microcystis aeruginosa was investigated. The results indicated that the combination of these pollutants inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa and promoted the synthesis and release of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Individual and combined exposure caused different responses to cellular oxidative stress. Under the Individual exposure of PFOA, when the concentration was greater than 20.0 mg/L, the catalase (CAT) activity increased significantly, and when it was greater than 100.0 mg/L, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly, but there is no significant change under combined exposure. PVC and PFOA exposure also caused physical damage to the algal cells and reduced the content of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) based on analysis of cell morphology. Metabolic analysis revealed that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism of the algae were affected. The current study offers a fresh theoretical framework for MPs and PFASs environmental risk evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Zhang
- School of Ecological Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Ecological Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Ecological Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Yunxing Xiao
- School of Ecological Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Ecological Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Ningfei Lei
- School of Ecological Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
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Zhou X, Gao S, Yue M, Zhu S, Liu Q, Zhao XE. Recent advances in analytical methods of oxidative stress biomarkers induced by environmental pollutant exposure. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Bellas J, Rial D, Valdés J, Vidal-Liñán L, Bertucci JI, Muniategui S, León VM, Campillo JA. Linking biochemical and individual-level effects of chlorpyrifos, triphenyl phosphate, and bisphenol A on sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:46174-46187. [PMID: 35165844 PMCID: PMC9209388 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of three relevant organic pollutants: chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used insecticide, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), employed as flame retardant and as plastic additive, and bisphenol A (BPA), used primarily as plastic additive, on sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) larvae, were investigated. Experiments consisted of exposing sea urchin fertilized eggs throughout their development to the 4-arm pluteus larval stage. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT), the phase II detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), and the neurotransmitter catabolism enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were assessed in combination with responses at the individual level (larval growth). CPF was the most toxic compound with 10 and 50% effective concentrations (EC10 and EC50) values of 60 and 279 μg/l (0.17 and 0.80 μM), followed by TPHP with EC10 and EC50 values of 224 and 1213 μg/l (0.68 and 3.7 μM), and by BPA with EC10 and EC50 values of 885 and 1549 μg/l (3.9 and 6.8 μM). The toxicity of the three compounds was attributed to oxidative stress, to the modulation of the AChE response, and/or to the reduction of the detoxification efficacy. Increasing trends in CAT activity were observed for BPA and, to a lower extent, for CPF. GR activity showed a bell-shaped response in larvae exposed to CPF, whereas BPA caused an increasing trend in GR. GST also displayed a bell-shaped response to CPF exposure and a decreasing trend was observed for TPHP. An inhibition pattern in AChE activity was observed at increasing BPA concentrations. A potential role of the GST in the metabolism of CPF was proposed, but not for TPHP or BPA, and a significant increase of AChE activity associated with oxidative stress was observed in TPHP-exposed larvae. Among the biochemical responses, the GR activity was found to be a reliable biomarker of exposure for sea urchin early-life stages, providing a first sign of damage. These results show that the integration of responses at the biochemical level with fitness-related responses (e.g., growth) may help to improve knowledge about the impact of toxic substances on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Diego Rial
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juliana Valdés
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Varadero 1, San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740, Murcia, Spain
| | - Leticia Vidal-Liñán
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan I Bertucci
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - Soledad Muniategui
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Víctor M León
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Varadero 1, San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan A Campillo
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Varadero 1, San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740, Murcia, Spain
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Capo X, Rubio M, Solomando A, Alomar C, Compa M, Sureda A, Deudero S. Microplastic intake and enzymatic responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis reared at the vicinities of an aquaculture station. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130575. [PMID: 33957472 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a potential source of microplastics (MPs) that could be strong stressors for marine organisms. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MPs derived from aquaculture in antioxidant defences and oxidative stress markers in gills of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were distributed in three areas with different impacts: inside aquaculture cages, Control 1 (located inside Andratx harbour) and Control 2 (located in a no-anthropized area). Samples were obtained along three different time periods in May (T0), July (T60) and in September (T120). At each sampling period, mussels' biometric measurements were taken, and tissue samples were kept frozen for biochemical determinations and to determine the intake of MPs. An increase in MPs intake was detected throughout the study, and this increase was significantly higher in samples from the aquaculture cages. Similarly, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase) were significantly higher in samples from cages at T120. Additionally, a similar tendency was observed in glutathione-s-transferase, with a higher activity in the aquaculture cages at T60 and T120. Malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein derivates as a marker of oxidative damage were also measured and samples from aquaculture cages presented higher oxidative stress markers, mainly in T120. In conclusion, living in environments exposed to aquaculture activities at sea may imply a higher intake of MPs which in turn might cause an antioxidant response in M. galloprovincialis which is not enough to avoid oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Capo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente S/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - M Rubio
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente S/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - A Solomando
- Interdisciplinary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - C Alomar
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente S/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - M Compa
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente S/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - A Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - S Deudero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente S/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
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