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Naquash A, Qyyum MA, Chaniago YD, Riaz A, Yehia F, Lim H, Lee M. Separation and purification of syngas-derived hydrogen: A comparative evaluation of membrane- and cryogenic-assisted approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137420. [PMID: 36460151 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) separation and purification is challenging because of the high purity and recovery requirements in particular applications, as well as the critical properties of H2 and its associated components. Unlike pressure swing adsorption, cryogenic- and membrane-based technologies are currently employed for H2 separation. Membrane-assisted (case-I) and cryogenic-assisted (case-II) separation and purification of H2 were evaluated in this study in terms of the energy, exergy, and economic aspects of the processes. In case-I and case-II, H2 was first produced from synthesis gas via the water-gas shift reaction and was then separated from other components using membrane and cryogenic systems, respectively. Additionally, an organic Rankine cycle was integrated with the water-gas shift reactors to recover the waste heat. A well-known commercial process simulation software, Aspen Hysys® v11, was employed to simulate both processes. Energy analysis revealed that case-I has a lower energy consumption (0.50 kWh/kg) than case-II (2.01 kWh/kg). However, low H2 purity and recovery rates are the main limitations of case-I. In terms of exergy, the H2 separation section in case-I exhibited a higher efficiency (28.4%) than case-II (14.7%). Furthermore, the economic evaluation showed that case-I was more expensive ($17.7 M) than case-II ($10.2 M) because of the high cost of the compressors required. In conclusion, this study could assist industry practitioners and academic researchers in selecting optimal H2 separation and purification technologies for improving the overall H2 economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Naquash
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qyyum
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Yus Donald Chaniago
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Amjad Riaz
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Fatma Yehia
- Exploration Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hankwon Lim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonyong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Asif K, Lock SSM, Taqvi SAA, Jusoh N, Yiin CL, Chin BLF. A molecular simulation study on amine-functionalized silica/polysulfone mixed matrix membrane for mixed gas separation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136936. [PMID: 36273613 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polysulfone (PSF) based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are one of the most broadly studied polymeric materials used for CO2/CH4 separation. The performance of existing PSF membranes encounters a bottleneck for widespread expansion in industrial applications due to the trade-off amongst permeability and selectivity. Membrane performance has been postulated to be enhanced via functionalization of filler at different weight percentages. Nonetheless, the preparation of functionalized MMMs without defects and its empirical study that exhibits improved CO2/CH4 separation performance is challenging at an experimental scale that needs prior knowledge of the compatibility between the filler and polymer. Molecular simulation approaches can be used to explore the effect of functionalization on MMM's gas transport properties at an atomic level without the challenges in the experimental study, however, they have received less scrutiny to date. In addition, most of the research has focused on pure gas studies while mixed gas transport properties that reflect real separation in functionalized silica/PSF MMMs are scarcely available. In this work, a molecular simulation computational framework has been developed to investigate the structural, physical properties and gas transport behavior of amine-functionalized silica/PSF-based MMMs. The effect of varying weight percentages (i.e., 15-30 wt.%) of amine-functionalized silica and gas concentrations (i.e., 30% CH4/CO2, 50% CH4/CO2, and 70% CH4/CO2) on physical and gas transport characteristics in amine-functionalized silica/PSF MMMs at 308.15 K and 1 atm has been investigated. Functionalization of silica nanoparticles was found to increase the diffusion and solubility coefficients, leading to an increase in the percentage enhancement of permeability and selectivity for amine-functionalized silica/PSF MMM by 566% and 56%, respectively, compared to silica/PSF-based MMMs at optimal weight percentage of 20 wt.%. The model's permeability differed by 7.1% under mixed gas conditions. The findings of this study could help to improve real CO2/CH4 separation in the future design and concept of functionalized MMMs using molecular simulation and empirical modeling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Asif
- CO(2) Research Center (CO(2)RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Serene Sow Mun Lock
- CO(2) Research Center (CO(2)RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.
| | - Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Norwahyu Jusoh
- CO(2) Research Center (CO(2)RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Chung Loong Yiin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia; Institute of Sustainable and Renewable Energy (ISuRE), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Bridgid Lai Fui Chin
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri Sarawak, Malaysia; Energy and Environment Research Cluster, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri Sarawak, Malaysia
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Bizon K, Boroń D, Tabiś B. The Steady State Characteristics of Multicomponent Diffusion in Micro- and Mesoporous Media for Adsorbable and Nonadsorbable Species. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:921. [PMID: 36295680 PMCID: PMC9608831 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study addresses one of the fundamental issues in the mathematical modeling and quantitative process analysis of complex multicomponent diffusion in meso- and microporous materials. The model presented here incorporates combined molecular diffusion, Knudsen diffusion, viscous flow, and surface diffusion. A methodology and algorithm for the determination of steady states of such complex diffusive processes are proposed. The adopted form of the surface diffusion model does not require the calculation of the thermodynamic factor matrix. The method was verified by comparing the profiles of the state variables with those obtained from the dynamic model for sufficiently long diffusion times. The application of the method is illustrated for two diffusion processes involving three components. In the first one, all components are subject to adsorption. In the other, one gaseous component is an inert and is therefore not adsorbed and does not participate in surface diffusion. It is shown that the presence of inerts as well as their number does not impede the application of the proposed algorithm for the determination of steady states.
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Nasrollahi N, Yousefpoor M, Khataee A, Vatanpour V. Polyurethane-based separation membranes: a review on fabrication techniques, applications, and future prospectives. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jegatheesan V, Shu L, Rene ER, Lin TF. Challenges in environmental science/engineering and innovations in pollution prevention and resource recovery for a sustainable future. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130148. [PMID: 33730608 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Shu
- LJS Environment, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611, AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Tsair-Fuh Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Anyanwu JT, Wang Y, Yang RT. SBA-15 Functionalized with Amines in the Presence of Water: Applications to CO 2 Capture and Natural Gas Desulfurization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John-Timothy Anyanwu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yiren Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ralph T. Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Swati IK, Sohaib Q, Cao S, Younas M, Liu D, Gui J, Rezakazemi M. Protic/aprotic ionic liquids for effective CO 2 separation using supported ionic liquid membrane. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128894. [PMID: 33187654 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Four ionic liquids (ILs) namely, 1-butylsulfonate-3-methylimidazolium P-toluene sulfonate ([BSmim][tos]), 1-butylsulfonate pyridine P-toluene sulfonate ([BSmpy][tos]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) and 1-butylpyridine chloride ([Bpy][Cl]) were synthesized for the effective separation of gases CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 through supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs). ILs were confirmed by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, and their characteristics and physical properties were studied. The ILs were immobilized on the porous hydrophobic 200 μm thick polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) support. Pure and mixed gas separation performances of the prepared SILMs were analyzed in a custom-built gas permeation unit. The SILMs were stable up to 0.6 MPa at room temperature without leaching the ionic liquid. [BSmim][tos] was recorded to have the highest solubility coefficient and permeability for CO2, among other ILs. At 0.5 MPa, for pure CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4, IL [BSmim][tos] was observed with selectivities of 56.2 and 47.5, respectively. Based on the SILMs separation performance, the ILs synthesized for this work can be ranked as [BSmim][tos] > [BSmpy][tos] > [Bmim][Cl] > [Bpy][Cl]. Moreover, the exceptionally high selectivity values of [BSmim][tos] and [BSmpy][tos] confirms the potential use of ILs for CO2 separation through SILMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan Swati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Qazi Sohaib
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Shuyun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Mohammad Younas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan.
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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Energy and Economic Analysis of Date Palm Biomass Feedstock for Biofuel Production in UAE: Pyrolysis, Gasification and Fermentation. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13225877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluates date palm waste as a cheap and available biomass feedstock in UAE for the production of biofuels. The thermochemical and biochemical routes including pyrolysis, gasification, and fermentation were investigated. Simulations were done to produce biofuels from biomass via Aspen Plus v.10. The simulation results showed that for a tonne of biomass feed, gasification produced 56 kg of hydrogen and fermentation yielded 233 kg of ethanol. Process energy requirements, however, proved to offset the bioethanol product value. For 1 tonne of biomass feed, the net duty for pyrolysis was 37 kJ, for gasification was 725 kJ, and for fermentation was 7481.5 kJ. Furthermore, for 1 tonne of date palm waste feed, pyrolysis generated a returned USD $768, gasification generated USD 166, but fermentation required an expenditure of USD 763, rendering it unfeasible. The fermentation economic analysis showed that reducing the system’s net duty to 6500 kJ/tonne biomass and converting 30% hemicellulose along with the cellulose content will result in a breakeven bioethanol fuel price of 1.85 USD/L. This fuel price falls within the acceptable 0.8–2.4 USD/L commercial feasibility range and is competitive with bioethanol produced in other processes. The economic analysis indicated that pyrolysis and gasification are economically more feasible than fermentation. To maximize profits, the wasted hemicellulose and lignin from fermentation are proposed to be used in thermochemical processes for further fuel production.
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