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Fayaz T, Rana SS, Goyal E, Ratha SK, Renuka N. Harnessing the potential of microalgae-based systems for mitigating pesticide pollution and its impact on their metabolism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120723. [PMID: 38565028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Due to increased pesticide usage in agriculture, a significant concentration of pesticides is reported in the environment that can directly impact humans, aquatic flora, and fauna. Utilizing microalgae-based systems for pesticide removal is becoming more popular because of their environmentally friendly nature, ability to degrade pesticide molecules into simpler, nontoxic molecules, and cost-effectiveness of the technology. Thus, this review focused on the efficiency, mechanisms, and factors governing pesticide removal using microalgae-based systems and their effect on microalgal metabolism. A wide range of pesticides, like atrazine, cypermethrin, malathion, trichlorfon, thiacloprid, etc., can be effectively removed by different microalgal strains. Some species of Chlorella, Chlamydomonas, Scenedesmus, Nostoc, etc., are documented for >90% removal of different pesticides, mainly through the biodegradation mechanism. The antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, as well as the complex structure of microalgae cell walls, are mainly involved in eliminating pesticides and are also crucial for the defense mechanism of microalgae against reactive oxygen species. However, higher pesticide concentrations may alter the biochemical composition and gene expression associated with microalgal growth and metabolism, which may vary depending on the type of strain, the pesticide type, and the concentration. The final section of this review discussed the challenges and prospects of how microalgae can become a successful tool to remediate pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tufail Fayaz
- Algal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Soujanya S Rana
- Algal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Esha Goyal
- Algal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Sachitra Kumar Ratha
- Algology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Nirmal Renuka
- Algal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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Soudagar MEM, Kiong TS, Jathar L, Nik Ghazali NN, Ramesh S, Awasarmol U, Ong HC. Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141540. [PMID: 38423144 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of algae is seen as a potential and ecologically sound approach to address the increasing demands in multiple sectors. However, successful implementation of processes is highly dependent on effective growing and harvesting methods. The present study provides a complete examination of contemporary techniques employed in the production and harvesting of algae, with a particular emphasis on their sustainability. The review begins by examining several culture strategies, encompassing open ponds, closed photobioreactors, and raceway ponds. The analysis of each method is conducted in a systematic manner, with a particular focus on highlighting their advantages, limitations, and potential for expansion. This approach ensures that the conversation is in line with the objectives of sustainability. Moreover, this study explores essential elements of algae harvesting, including the processes of cell separation, dewatering, and biomass extraction. Traditional methods such as centrifugation, filtration, and sedimentation are examined in conjunction with novel, environmentally concerned strategies including flocculation, electro-coagulation, and membrane filtration. It evaluates the impacts on the environment that are caused by the cultivation process, including the usage of water and land, the use of energy, the production of carbon dioxide, and the runoff of nutrients. Furthermore, this study presents a thorough examination of the current body of research pertaining to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies, presenting a perspective that emphasizes sustainability in the context of algae harvesting systems. In conclusion, the analysis ends up with an examination ahead at potential areas for future study in the cultivation and harvesting of algae. This review is an essential guide for scientists, policymakers, and industry experts associated with the advancement and implementation of algae-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand - 248002, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq.
| | - Tiong Sieh Kiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Laxmikant Jathar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Army Institute of Technology, Pune, 411015, India.
| | - Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - S Ramesh
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Umesh Awasarmol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Army Institute of Technology, Pune, 411015, India.
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Tan XB, Zhao ZY, Gong H, Jiang T, Liu XP, Liao JY, Zhang YL. Growth of Scenedesmus obliquus in anaerobically digested swine wastewater from different cleaning processes for pollutants removal and biomass production. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141515. [PMID: 38387659 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobically digested swine wastewater (ASW) purification by microalgae provides a promising strategy for nutrients recovery, biomass production and CO2 capture. However, the characteristics of ASW from different cleaning processes vary greatly. At present, the cultivation of microalgae in ASW from different manure cleaning processes is rarely investigated and compared. That may bring uncertainty for microalgae growth using different ASW in large-scale application. Thus, the ASW from three cleaning processes were tested for cultivating microalgae, including manure dry collection (I), water flushing (II) and water submerging processes (III). The characteristics of ASW from three manure cleaning processes varied greatly such as nutrient and heavy metals levels. High concentration of ammonia and copper in ASW significantly inhibited microalgae growth. Fortunately, the supply of high CO2 (10%) effectively alleviated negative influences, ensuring microalgal growth at low dilution ratio. The characteristics of three ASW resulted in significant differences in microalgae growth and biomass components. The maximal biomass production in optimal diluted ASW-I, II and III reached 1.46 g L-1, 2.19 g L-1 and 2.47 g L-1, respectively. The removal of organic compounds, ammonia and phosphorus by optimal microalgae growth in diluted ASW-I, II and III was 50.6%/94.2%/64.7%, 63.7%/82.3%/57.6% and 83.2%/91.7%/59.7%, respectively. The culture in diluted ASW-I, II and III obtained the highest lipids production of 12.1 mg L-1·d-1, 16.5 mg L-1·d-1 and 19.4 mg L-1·d-1, respectively. The analysis of lipids compositions revealed that the proportion of saturated fatty acids accounted for 36.4%, 32.4% and 27.9 % in optimal diluted ASW-I, II and III, as ideal raw materials for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Tan
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China.
| | - Ze-Yuan Zhao
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Hui Gong
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Zhuzhou Water Lnvestment Group Co., Ltd, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412099, China
| | - Xin-Ping Liu
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Jian-Yu Liao
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Ya-Lei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Wu G, Tham PE, Chew KW, Munawaroh HSH, Tan IS, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Sriariyanun M, Show PL. Net zero emission in circular bioeconomy from microalgae biochar production: A renewed possibility. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129748. [PMID: 37714493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The rapid expansion of industrialization and continuous population growth have caused a steady increase in energy consumption. Despite using renewable energy, such as bioethanol, to replace fossil fuels had been strongly promoted, however the outcomes were underwhelming, resulting in excessive greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Microalgal biochar, as a carbon-rich material produced from the pyrolysis of biomass, provides a promising solution for achieving net zero emission. By utilizing microalgal biochar, these GHG emissions can be captured and stored efficiently. It also enhances soil fertility, improves water retention, and conduct bioremediation in agriculture and environmental remediation field. Moreover, incorporating microalgal biochar into a zero-waste biorefinery could boost the employ of biomass feedstocks effectively to produce valuable bioproducts while minimizing waste. This contributes to sustainability and aligns with the concepts of a circular bioeconomy. In addition, some challenges like commercialization and standardization will be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia
| | - Pei En Tham
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh
- Study Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Inn Shi Tan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, Miri, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Malinee Sriariyanun
- Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Shakhbout Bin Sultan St - Zone 1, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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5
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Tan XB, Huang ZY, Wan XP, Duan ZJ, Zhang YL, Liao JY. Growth of Scenedesmus obliquus on anaerobic soybean wastewater using different wasted organics for high biomass production and nutrients recycling. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139514. [PMID: 37454982 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The microalgae culture in mixing sewage with different characteristics may significantly improve biomass production and nutrients recycling efficiency. In this study, three waste organic wastewater including molasses, alcohol and glycerol wastewater were mixed with anaerobic soybean wastewater as mediums for microalgae culture. The optimal mixture of molasses, alcohol and glycerol wastewater was at an initial carbon-nitrogen ratio of 7:1, 5:1 and 10:1, improving biomass production by 60.4%, 31.3% and 68.7%, respectively. The removal efficiencies of organics, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus at optimal mixture were 54.8-62.4%, 79.5-99.1% and 49.3-61.5%, and the removal rates increased by 340-630%, 27.5-66.3% and 36.3-70.2% compared to the blank culture. In addition, the culture in mixed wastewater increased lipids contrast by 0.7-1.3 times, while achieving higher saturation in fatty acids. The results suggested that microalgae culture using mixed wastewater was a strategy for high biomass production and nutrients recycling efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Discharge and Resource Utilization of Urban Water, College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China.
| | - Zhuo-Yi Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Discharge and Resource Utilization of Urban Water, College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Xi-Ping Wan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Discharge and Resource Utilization of Urban Water, College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Zi-Jie Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Discharge and Resource Utilization of Urban Water, College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Ya-Lei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jian-Yu Liao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Discharge and Resource Utilization of Urban Water, College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
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6
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Ghaffar I, Deepanraj B, Sundar LS, Vo DVN, Saikumar A, Hussain A. A review on the sustainable procurement of microalgal biomass from wastewaters for the production of biofuels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137094. [PMID: 36334745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of microalgal biomass as one of the most promising and renewable sources for the production of biofuels is being studied extensively. Microalgal biomass can be cultivated under photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, photoheterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivation conditions. Photoautotrophic cultivation is the most common way of microalgal biomass production. Under mixotrophic cultivation, microalgae can utilize both organic carbon and CO2 simultaneously. Mixotrophic cultivation depicts higher biomass productivity as compared to photoautotrophic cultivation. It is evident from the literature that mixotrophic cultivation yields higher quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids as compared to that photoautotrophic cultivation. In this context, for economical biomass production, the organic carbon of industrial wastewaters can be valorized for the mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae. Following the way, contaminants' load of wastewaters can be reduced while concomitantly producing highly productive microalgal biomass. This review focuses on different aspects covering the sustainable cultivation of different microalgal species in different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imania Ghaffar
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Balakrishnan Deepanraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lingala Syam Sundar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Algam Saikumar
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ali Hussain
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Tan XB, Zhang YL, Zhao XC, Yang LB, Yangwang SC, Zou Y, Lu JM. Anaerobic digestates grown oleaginous microalgae for pollutants removal and lipids production. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136177. [PMID: 36037939 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestates were potential mediums for cultivating oleaginous microalgae, but their various components brought uncertainties for aglal growth and lipids production. In this study, three microalgae strains were tested to grow on four typical anaerobic digestates. The results showed that anaerobic food wastewater was an optimal medium for C. pyrenoidosa and S. obliquus culture (N. oleoabundanst cannot survive), achieving the highest biomass (2.15-2.32 g L-1) and lipids production (20.6-32.5 mg L-1·d-1). In contrast, three microalgae strains could grow suboptimally in anaerobic municipal (0.79-0.95 g L-1) and toilet (0.92-1.40 g L-1) wastewater, but showed poor performances in anaerobic swine wastewater. The growth of microalgae removed 40.9-63.4% of TOC, 83.7-96.3% of NH4+-N and 70.3-89.4% of TP in the three ADs. In addition, it was unfortunately found that the lipids content and saturation degree in fatty acids significantly decreased in ADs with sufficient nutrients. It suggests that some measures should be taken to balance biomass, lipids production and quality for cultivating microalgae in anaerobic digestates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Tan
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China.
| | - Ya-Lei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xian-Chao Zhao
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Li-Bin Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shun-Cheng Yangwang
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Yue Zou
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Jue-Ming Lu
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
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Simultaneous nutrients removal and bio-compounds production by cultivating Chlorella sorokiniana SU-1 with unsterilized anaerobic digestate of dairy wastewater. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Vargas-Estrada L, Hoyos EG, Sebastian P, Muñoz R. Elucidating the role of nanoparticles on photosynthetic biogas upgrading: Influence of biogas type, nanoparticle concentration and light source. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Wang J, Zhang Q, Chen N, Chen J, Zhou J, Li J, Wei Y, Bu D. A new Desmodesmus sp. from the Tibetan Yamdrok Lake. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275799. [PMID: 36206243 PMCID: PMC9544026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Revegetation of exposed sub-soil, while a desirable recovery strategy, often fails due to extreme soil chemical properties, such as low organic matter and pH levels. Microalgae play a key role in maintaining water quality in the lakes and rivers on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Plateau microalgae have extensive application prospects in environmental purification, biotechnology, medicine and cosmetics, food industry, and renewable energy. To identify the high biomass of microalgae present in nature, microalgae with the greatest biomass were screened from natural water samples through filtration, pre-culture, and plate scribing separation. Following identification via 18S rRNA sequencing as for the Desmodesmus sp., we constructed a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree. The novel Desmodesmus sp. from the Tibetan Yamdrok Lake were identified through polyphasic taxonomy. Simultaneously, the sequence of the experimental samples and the target species were shown different following the identification and analysis of SNP and InDel loci. The light-absorbing properties of plateau Desmodesmus sp. have been investigated previously. The characteristic absorption peak of Desmodesmus sp. on the plateau was measured at 689 nm in the visible spectrum using full wavelength scanning with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. For Desmodesmus sp. which is prone to settling in the process of amplification culture. By monitoring the change trend of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH and electrical conductivity in algae solution system, we determined that the logarithmic growth phase and the best transfer window of Desmodesmus sp. were at 15-20 days. This study can provide basic research methods for the study of microalgae in high altitude areas, and lay a foundation for the later study and application of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Wang
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Qiangying Zhang
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Naijiang Chen
- Lianyungang Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Center, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Chen
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jinna Zhou
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wei
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Duo Bu
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Singh V, Mishra V. Evaluation of the effects of input variables on the growth of two microalgae classes during wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 213:118165. [PMID: 35183015 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment carried out by microalgae is usually affected by the type of algal strain and the combination of cultivation parameters provided during the process. Every microalga strain has a different tolerance level towards cultivation parameters, including temperature, pH, light intensity, CO2 content, initial inoculum level, pretreatment method, reactor type and nutrient concentration in wastewater. Therefore, it is vital to supply the right combination of cultivation parameters to increase the wastewater treatment efficiency and biomass productivity of different microalgae classes. In the current investigation, the decision tree was used to analyse the dataset of class Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Various combinations of cultivation parameters were determined to enhance their performance in wastewater treatment. Nine combinations of cultivation parameters leading to high biomass production and eleven combinations each for high nitrogen removal efficiency and high phosphorus removal efficiency for class Trebouxiophyceae were detected by decision tree models. Similarly, eleven combinations for high biomass production, nine for high nitrogen removal efficiency, and eight for high phosphorus removal efficiency were detected for class Chlorophyceae. The results obtained through decision tree analysis can provide the optimum conditions of cultivation parameters, saving time in designing new experiments for treating wastewater at a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India.
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Ummalyma SB, Sirohi R, Udayan A, Yadav P, Raj A, Sim SJ, Pandey A. Sustainable microalgal biomass production in food industry wastewater for low-cost biorefinery products: a review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 22:1-23. [PMID: 35431709 PMCID: PMC9006494 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are recognized as cell factories enriched with biochemicals suitable as feedstock for bio-energy, food, feed, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals applications. The industrial application of microalgae is challenging due to hurdles associated with mass cultivation and biomass recovery. The scale-up production of microalgal biomass in freshwater is not a sustainable solution due to the projected increase of freshwater demands in the coming years. Microalgae cultivation in wastewater is encouraged in recent years for sustainable bioeconomy from biorefinery processes. Wastewater from the food industry is a less-toxic growth medium for microalgal biomass production. Traditional wastewater treatment and management processes are expensive; hence it is highly relevant to use low-cost wastewater treatment processes with revenue generation through different products. Microalgae are accepted as potential biocatalysts for the bioremediation of wastewater. Microalgae based purification of wastewater technology could be a universal alternative solution for the recovery of resources from wastewater for low-cost biomass feedstock for industry. This review highlights the importance of microalgal biomass production in food processing wastewater, their characteristics, and different microalgal cultivation methods, followed by nutrient absorption mechanisms. Towards the end of the review, different microalgae biomass harvesting processes with biorefinery products, and void gaps that tend to hinder the biomass production with future perspectives will be intended. Thus, the review could claim to be valuable for sustainable microalgae biomass production for eco-friendly bioproduct conversions. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeela Beevi Ummalyma
- DBT- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, An Autonomus Institute under Department of Biotechnology, Govt.of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795 001 India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136 713 Republic of Korea
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 029 India
| | - Aswathy Udayan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Environmental Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001 India
| | - Abhay Raj
- Environmental Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001 India
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136 713 Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 029 India
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001 India
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 007 India
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13
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Wang Q, Wei D, Luo X, Zhu J, Rong J. Ultrahigh recovery rate of nitrate from synthetic wastewater by Chlorella-based photo-fermentation with optimal light-emitting diode illumination: From laboratory to pilot plant. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126779. [PMID: 35104651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To achieve ultrahigh recovery rate of nitrate from synthetic wastewater by Chlorella pyrenoidosa-based photo-fermentation, light-emitting diode (LED) spectrum was firstly evaluated in 5-L glass photo-fermenter with surrounding LED panels. Results showed that warm white LED was favorable to improve biomass yield and recovery rate of nutrients than mixed white LED. When scaling up from laboratory (50-L, 500-L) to pilot scale photo-fermenter with inner LED panels, the maximum recovery rates of NO3- (5.77 g L-1 d-1) and PO43- (0.44 g L-1 d-1) were achieved in 10,000-L photo-fermenter, along with high productivity of biomass (11.06 g L-1 d-1), protein (3.95 g L-1 d-1) and lipids (3.79 g L-1 d-1), respectively. This study demonstrated that photo-fermenter with inner warm white LED illumination is a superhigh-efficient system for nitrate and phosphate recovery with algal biomass coproduction, providing a promising application in pilot demonstration of wastewater bioremediation and facilitating novel facility development for green manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingke Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Junying Zhu
- Research Center of Renewable Energy, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, College Road 18, Haidian district, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Junfeng Rong
- Research Center of Renewable Energy, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, College Road 18, Haidian district, Beijing 100083, PR China
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14
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Design and performance of a low-cost microalgae culturing system for growing Chlorella sorokiniana on cooking cocoon wastewater. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Ma X, Mi Y, Zhao C, Wei Q. A comprehensive review on carbon source effect of microalgae lipid accumulation for biofuel production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151387. [PMID: 34740661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Energy is a major driving force for the economic development. Due to the scarcity of fossil fuels and negative impact on the environment, it is important to develop renewable and sustainable energy sources for humankind. Microalgae as the primary feedstock for biodiesel has shown great application potential. However, lipid yield from microalgae is limited by the upstream cost, which restrain the realization of large-scale biofuel production. The modification of lipid-rich microalgae cell has become the focus over the last few decades to improve the lipid content and productivity of microalgae. Carbon is a vital nutrient that regulates the growth and metabolism of microalgae. Different carbon sources are assimilated by microalgae cells via different pathways. Inorganic carbon sources are mainly used through the CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), while organic carbon sources are absorbed by microalgae mainly through the Pentose Phosphate (PPP) Pathway and the Embden-Meyerhof-Pranas (EMP) pathway. Therefore, the addition of carbon source has a significant impact on the production of microalgae biomass and lipid accumulation. In this paper, mechanisms of lipid synthesis and carbon uptake of microalgae were introduced, and the effects of different carbon conditions (types, concentrations, and addition methods) on lipid accumulation in microalgal biomass production and biodiesel production were comprehensively discussed. This review also highlights the recent advances in microalgae lipid cultivation with large-scale commercialization and the development prospects of biodiesel production. Current challenges and constructive suggestions are proposed on cost-benefit concerns in large-scale production of microalgae biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmeng Ma
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yuwei Mi
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- China Construction Fifth Engineering Division Corp., Ltd, 9 Kaixuan Rd, Liangqing District, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Qun Wei
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
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16
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Ye Y, Ngo HH, Guo W, Chang SW, Nguyen DD, Varjani S, Liu Q, Bui XT, Hoang NB. Bio-membrane integrated systems for nitrogen recovery from wastewater in circular bioeconomy. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133175. [PMID: 34875297 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater contains a significant amount of recoverable nitrogen. Hence, the recovery of nitrogen from wastewater can provide an option for generating some revenue by applying the captured nitrogen to producing bio-products, in order to minimize dangerous or environmental pollution consequences. The circular bio-economy can achieve greater environmental and economic sustainability through game-changing technological developments that will improve municipal wastewater management, where simultaneous nitrogen and energy recovery are required. Over the last decade, substantial efforts were undertaken concerning the recovery of nitrogen from wastewater. For example, bio-membrane integrated system (BMIS) which integrates biological process and membrane technology, has attracted considerable attention for recovering nitrogen from wastewater. In this review, current research on nitrogen recovery using the BMIS are compiled whilst the technologies are compared regarding their energy requirement, efficiencies, advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the bio-products achieved in the nitrogen recovery system processes are summarized in this paper, and the directions for future research are suggested. Future research should consider the quality of recovered nitrogenous products, long-term performance of BMIS and economic feasibility of large-scale reactors. Nitrogen recovery should be addressed under the framework of a circular bio-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyao Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 010, India
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Xuan Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology & Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Bich Hoang
- NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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17
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Maurya R, Zhu X, Valverde-Pérez B, Ravi Kiran B, General T, Sharma S, Kumar Sharma A, Thomsen M, Venkata Mohan S, Mohanty K, Angelidaki I. Advances in microalgal research for valorization of industrial wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126128. [PMID: 34655786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on recent updates on remediation of industrial wastewater (IWW) through microalgae cultivation. These include how adding additional supplements of nutrient to some specific IWWs lacking adequate nutrients improving the microalgae growth and remediation simultaneously. Various pretreatments strategy recently employed for IWWs treatment other than dealing with microalgae was discussed. Various nutrient-rich IWW could be utilized directly with additional dilution, supplement of nutrients and without any pretreatment. Recent advances in various approaches and new tools used for cultivation of microalgae on IWW such as two-step cultivation, pre-acclimatization, novel microalgal-bioelectrical systems, integrated catalytic intense pulse-light process, sequencing batch reactor, use of old stabilized algal-bacterial consortium, immobilized microalgae cells, microalgal bacterial membrane photobioreactor, low-intensity magnetic field, BIO_ALGAE simulation tool, etc. are discussed. In addition, biorefinery of microalgal biomass grown on IWW and its end-use applications are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahulkumar Maurya
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, DTU, Denmark
| | - Borja Valverde-Pérez
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, DTU, Denmark
| | - Boda Ravi Kiran
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES) Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Thiyam General
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, U.S. Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
| | - Suvigya Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, U.S. Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, U.S. Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
| | - Marianne Thomsen
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, Postbox 358 Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES) Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, DTU, Denmark
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18
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Tan XB, Wang L, Wan XP, Zhou XN, Yang LB, Zhang WW, Zhao XC. Growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa on different septic tank effluents from rural areas for lipids production and pollutants removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125502. [PMID: 34304097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Septic tank effluent from rural areas was an ideal medium for cultivating oleaginous microalgae. However, the characteristics of septic tank effluents varied greatly due to the different incoming wastewater, and bring uncertain risks for algal growth. In this study, an oleaginous microalgae was cultivated in septic effluents from different mixed wastewater. The results showed that the effluent from pure toilet wastewater was the best medium to achieve the highest biomass yield (1.68 g·L-1) and productivity (154.6 mg·L-1·d-1). In contrast, the discharge of kitchen or laundry wastewater reduced the biomass production by 50.5-79.1%. That caused much lower lipids production in effluents from mixed wastewater regardless of its high lipids content and saturation degree. The results suggest that the discharge of kitchen or laundry wastewater bring risks for biomass and lipids production, and should be separated from the toilet wastewater before entering into septic tank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Tan
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Reuse for Agricultural and Livestock Waste, Hunan Key Laboratory of Water Safety Discharge in Urban and Its Resource Utilization, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province 412007, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Reuse for Agricultural and Livestock Waste, Hunan Key Laboratory of Water Safety Discharge in Urban and Its Resource Utilization, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province 412007, China
| | - Xi-Ping Wan
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Reuse for Agricultural and Livestock Waste, Hunan Key Laboratory of Water Safety Discharge in Urban and Its Resource Utilization, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province 412007, China
| | - Xiao-Ni Zhou
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Reuse for Agricultural and Livestock Waste, Hunan Key Laboratory of Water Safety Discharge in Urban and Its Resource Utilization, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province 412007, China
| | - Li-Bin Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xian-Chao Zhao
- College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Reuse for Agricultural and Livestock Waste, Hunan Key Laboratory of Water Safety Discharge in Urban and Its Resource Utilization, Hunan University of Technology, 88 Taishan Road, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province 412007, China.
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19
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Singh V, Mishra V. Exploring the effects of different combinations of predictor variables for the treatment of wastewater by microalgae and biomass production. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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