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Lei L, Fan H, Jia Y, Lv L, Miao J, Wang W. Cyanuric Acid-Assisted Synthesis of Hierarchical Amorphous Carbon Nitride Assembled by Ultrathin Oxygen-Doped Nanosheets for Excellent Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38497947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Amorphous carbon nitride with typical short-range order arrangement as an effective photocatalyst is worth exploring but remains a great challenge because its disordered structure induces severe recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate that a hierarchical amorphous carbon nitride (HACN) with structural oxygen incorporation can be synthesized via a cyanuric acid-assisted melem hydrothermal process, accompanied by freeze-drying and pyrolysis. The complex composed of melem and cyanuric acid exhibiting a unique 3D self-supporting skeleton and significant phase transformation is responsible for the formation of an interconnected hierarchical framework and amorphous structure for HACN. These features are beneficial to enhance its visible light harvesting by the multiple-reflection effect within the architecture consisting of more exposed porous nanosheets and introducing a long band tail absorption. The well-designed morphology, band tail state, and oxygen doping effectively inhibit rapid band-to-band recombination of the photogenerated electrons and holes and facilitate subsequent separation. Accordingly, the HACN catalyst exhibits exceptional visible light (λ > 420 nm)-driven photoreduction for hydrogen production with a rate of 82.4 μmol h-1, which is 21.7 and 9.5 times higher than those of melem-derived carbon nitride and crystalline nanotube carbon nitride counterparts, respectively, and significantly surpasses those of most reported amorphous carbon nitrides. Our controlling of rearrangement of the in situ supramolecular self-assembly of melem oligomer using cyanuric acid directly instructs the development of highly efficient amorphous photocatalysts for converting solar energy into hydrogen fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Huiqing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Jia
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Li Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- School of General Education, Xi'an Mingde Institute of Technology, Xi'an 710124, P. R. China
| | - Jinwei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Jing M, Zhao H, Jian L, Pan C, Dong Y, Zhu Y. Coral-like B-doped g-C 3N 4 with enhanced molecular dipole to boost photocatalysis-self-Fenton removal of persistent organic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:131017. [PMID: 36812729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fenton process is a popular advanced oxidation process for water purification. However, it requires an external addition of H2O2, thus raising safety threats and economic costs and encountering the problems of slow cycling of Fe2+/Fe3+ and low mineralization efficiency. Herein, we developed a novel photocatalysis-self-Fenton system based on coral-like B-doped g-C3N4 (Coral-B-CN) photocatalyst for 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) removal where H2O2 can be in situ generated by photocatalysis over Coral-B-CN, the cycling of Fe2+/Fe3+ was accelerated by photoelectrons, and the photoholes promoted 4-CP mineralization. Coral-B-CN was innovatively synthesized by hydrogen bond self-assembly followed by calcination. B heteroatom doping produced enhanced molecular dipole, while the morphological engineering exposed more active sites and optimized band structure. The effective combination of the two enhances charge separation and mass transfer between the phases, resulting in efficient in-situ H2O2 production, faster Fe2+/Fe3+ valence cycling and enhanced hole oxidation. Accordingly, nearly all 4-CP can be degraded during 50 min under the combined action of more ·OH and holes with stronger oxidation capacity. The mineralization rate of this system reached 70.3%, which is 2.6 and 4.9 times higher than that of Fenton process and photocatalysis, respectively. Besides, this system maintained excellent stability and can be applied in a broad range of pHs. The study would provide important insights into developing improved Fenton process with high performance for the removal of persistent organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Jing
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liang Jian
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chengsi Pan
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuming Dong
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yongfa Zhu
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Nie Y, Bao R, Liu L, Yi J, Tao J, Min D, Li L, Tan S, Wang J, Zhang Z. Constructing a perfect, efficient heterojunction catalyst with HNO3 protonated C3N4 and GO-derived GOQDs via electrostatic self-assembly. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mu K, Chen F, Wang P, Mi X, Zhang D, Li Y, Zhan S. Enhanced carriers separation in novel in-plane amorphous carbon/g-C 3N 4 nanosheets for photocatalytic environment remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133581. [PMID: 35032519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although carbon-based materials/g-C3N4 heterostructure with an up-down structure in space can inhibit the recombination of charge carriers, the electron transfer is still suppressed by the interlayer van der Waals force. Herein, amorphous carbon is successfully introduced into the g-C3N4 nanosheet (CNS) by a self-conversion process to form an in-plane heterostructure of amorphous carbon/g-C3N4 (CNSC1). Kelvin probe atomic force microscopy (KPFM) and density functional theory (DFT) confirm that g-C3N4 and amorphous carbon are in the same plane, which can generate the surface electric field of CNSC1, providing a driving force for the transfer of electrons from g-C3N4 to amorphous carbon. Meanwhile, the sp2-hybridized π conjugation bond of amorphous carbon can rapidly capture and store photogenerated electrons, inhibiting charge carrier recombination and thus generating more electrons to facilitate the yield of hydroxyl radicals. The photocatalytic activity of CNSC1 for the degradation of tetracycline and rhodamine B is 2.7 times and 4.8 times higher than that of CNS, respectively, due to the efficient interface charge separation. This work is expected to provide a new idea for the combination of carbon materials and g-C3N4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei Mu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China.
| | - Xueyue Mi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Dongpeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Sihui Zhan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
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Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide/Copper Tin Sulfide (Cu2SnS3) Composite for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02308-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rapid and green combustion synthesis of nanocomposites based on Zn–Co–O nanostructures as photocatalysts for enhanced degradation of acid brown 14 contaminant under sunlight. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rao C, Xie M, Liu S, Chen R, Su H, Zhou L, Pang Y, Lou H, Qiu X. Visible Light-Driven Reforming of Lignocellulose into H 2 by Intrinsic Monolayer Carbon Nitride. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44243-44253. [PMID: 34499461 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photoreforming of lignocellulose is a novel method to produce clean and sustainable H2 energy. However, the catalytic systems usually show low activity under ultraviolet light; thus, this reaction is very limited at present. Visible light-responsive metal-free two-dimensional graphite-phased carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a good candidate for photocatalytic hydrogen production, but its activity is hindered by a bulky architecture. Although reported layered g-C3N4 modified with active functional groups prepared by the chemical exfoliation enhances the photocatalytic activity, it lost the intrinsic structure and thus is not conducive to understand the structure-activity relationship. Herein, we report an intrinsic monolayer g-C3N4 (∼0.32 nm thickness) prepared by nitrogen-protected ball milling in water, which shows good performance of photoreforming lignocellulose to H2 driven by visible light. The exciton binding energy of g-C3N4 was estimated from the temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra, which is a key factor for subsequent charge separation and energy transfer. It is found that monolayer g-C3N4 with smaller exciton binding energy increases the free exciton concentrations and promotes the separation efficiency of charge carriers, thereby effectively improving its performance of photocatalytic reforming of lignocellulose, even the virgin lignocellulose and waste lignocellulose. This result could lead to more active catalysts to photoreform the raw biomass, making it possible to provide clean energy directly from locally unused biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Rao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Maoliang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Sicong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Runlin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hang Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuxia Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Gong CT, Xu GD, Chen LJ, Jia JH, Peng YW. Catalytic advanced oxidation processes (AOPS) in water treatment by covalent organic frameworks-based materials: a review. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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