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Baig U, Shaukat MM, Shuja SZ, Asif M, Khan NA. Development and life cycle assessment (LCA) of super-oleophobic (under water) and super-hydrophilic (in-air) mesh membrane for oily water treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15268. [PMID: 38961084 PMCID: PMC11222479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the fabrication, characterization, and environmental impact analysis of a super-oleophobic (under water) and super-hydrophilic mesh membrane for oily water treatment. In order to prepare mesh membrane, Titania nanoparticles (NPs) were spray coated on mesh stainless steel followed by calcination at 500 °C. After that, the Titania-coated mesh membrane was characterized using contact angle goniometry (CA), XRD, FE-SEM, EDX and elemental mapping. The FE-SEM, EDX, elemental mapping and XRD results confirmed that the Titania NPs were successfully coated on the surface of mesh membrane. CA results demonstrated that the prepared mesh membrane is super-hydrophilic and super-oleo phobic under water conditions, making it suitable for oil/water separation. Subsequently, life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to determine the environmental impacts of Titania NPs-coated mesh membrane fabrication process. LCA results indicate that electricity and nitrogen contributed the most toward the eighteen environmental impact categories considered for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Baig
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Mobeen Shaukat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Z Shuja
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Asif
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Architectural Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhang X, Xu S, Feng K, Li X, Yu P, Liu Q, Zhang J, Fan X, Liu C, Zheng H, Sun Y. Fenton-like membrane reactor assembled by electron polarization and defect engineering modifying Co 3O 4 spinel for flow-through removal of organic contaminants. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121351. [PMID: 38401287 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The application of Fenton-like membrane reactors for water purification offers a promising solution to overcome technical challenges associated with catalyst recovery, reaction efficiency, and mass transfer typically encountered in heterogeneous batch reaction modes. This study presents a dual-modification strategy encompassing electron polarization and defect engineering to synthesize Al-doped and oxygen vacancies (OV)-enriched Co3O4 spinel catalysts (ACO-OV). This modification empowered ACO-OV with exceptional performance in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the removal of organic contaminants. Moreover, the ACO-OV@polyethersulfone (PES) membrane/PMS system achieved organic contaminant removal through filtration (with a reaction kinetic constant of 0.085 ms-1), demonstrating outstanding resistance to environmental interference and high operational stability. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the exceptional catalytic performance of this Fenton-like membrane reactor stemmed from the enrichment of reactants, exposure of reactive sites, and enhanced mass transfer within the confined space, leading to a higher availability of reactive species. Theoretical calculations were conducted to validate the beneficial intrinsic effects of electron polarization, defect engineering, and the confined space within the membrane reactor on PMS activation and organic contaminant removal. Notably, the ACO-OV@PES membrane/PMS system not only mineralized the targeted organic contaminants but also effectively mitigated their potential environmental risks. Overall, this work underscores the significant potential of the dual-modification strategy in designing spinel catalysts and Fenton-like membrane reactors for efficient organic contaminant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China.
| | - Shengtao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Xi Li
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Jiankun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Xiulei Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Joseph M, Paulson F, C N, S A, Remello SN, Haridas S, Aravind UK. Layer-by-layer assembled graphitic carbon nitride membranes for water treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141544. [PMID: 38408573 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Meeting societal demand for potable water supply remains one of the prioritized challenges faced in the modern era. The anthropogenic intervention has led to a dire situation threatening ecological balance and human health. There is an inevitable need for the development of new technologies and innovations in existing technologies for water treatment. Photocatalytic Membrane technology, encompassing the merits of membrane filtration and photocatalytic degradation has evolved as a potential and reliable technology for sustainable water treatment. Innovations in photocatalytic materials and membrane fabrication techniques can lead to the goal of commercialization of membrane water treatment technology. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and its functionalized analog as photocatalytic membranes for sustainable water treatment. g-C3N4 and Tetracarboxyphenylporphyrin sensitized g-C3N4 (g-C3N4/TCPP) was introduced onto commercial nylon membrane surface via a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method using chitosan and sodium salt of polystyrene sulphonic acid as polyelectrolytes. The fabricated membranes were characterized to ensure the integration of the photocatalysts. The performance of the membranes for water treatment was assessed by selecting some common dyes as model pollutants. The modified membranes exhibited excellent flux recovery and could afford high rejection rates upon irradiation indicating the prospects for sustainable filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merin Joseph
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Fredin Paulson
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Nasrin C
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Aparna S
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sebastian Nybin Remello
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India; Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Suja Haridas
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India; Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.
| | - Usha K Aravind
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.
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Baig U, Dastageer MA. Fabrication of Photo-Responsive Mesh Membrane with Surface-Engineered Wettability for Oil-Water Separation and Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:302. [PMID: 36984689 PMCID: PMC10059088 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A photo-responsive TiO2-coated stainless-steel mesh membrane (TiO2@SSM), possessing unique surface wettability, was fabricated. This TiO2@SSM membrane is found to be capable of separating oil and water from oily water and has the potential to carry out photocatalytic self-cleaning and/or the degradation of organic pollutants present in water. The fabrication of TiO2@SSM is quite simple: titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were spray-coated onto stainless steel microporous mesh (SSM) substrates and annealed at the temperature of 500 °C. The fabricated TiO2@SSM membrane was structurally and morphologically characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, and elemental mapping. The contact angle measurements using a goniometer showed that the fabricated TiO2@SSM membrane surface is superhydrophilic and superoleophilic in air and superoleophobic under water. This is a favorable wetting condition for the water passing oil-water separation membrane, and this water passing property of the membrane eased the common problem of the fast clogging of the membrane by oil. An oil-water separation efficiency of about 99% was achieved, when the TiO2@SSM membrane was used as the separating medium in the gravity-driven oil-water separation system, unlike the uncoated stainless steel mesh membrane, which allowed both oil and water to pass together. This confirmed that the oil-water separating functionality of the membrane is attributed to TiO2 coating on the stainless steel mesh. The photocatalytic degradation property of the TiO2@SSM membrane is an added advantage, where the membrane can be potentially used for self-cleaning of the membrane's surface and/or for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Baig
- IRC-Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Dastageer
- Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Baig U, Faizan M, Dastageer MA, Gondal MA. Customization of surface wettability of nano-SiO 2 by coating Trimethoxy(vinyl)silane modifier for oil-water separation: Fabrication of metal-based functional superwetting nanomaterial, characterizations and performance evaluation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136405. [PMID: 36116624 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The wettability of nano-SiO2 surface was transformed from the inherent hydrophilicity to functional superhyderophobicity by coating Trimethoxy (vinyl)silane modifier, and the resultant surface showed contrasting wettability for water and oil (Superhydrophobic and Superoleophilic), which is a desired characteristic for the membranes used in oil-water separation. Initially Trimethoxy (vinyl)silane coated SiO2 nanoparticles (TMVS@SiO2) were synthesized by hydrolysis and poly-condensation reactions, and this nano dispersion was spray coated on the annealed stainless-steel mesh surface, whose resulting hierarchical surface texture brought about the desired wettability, with the water-surface-air (θWA) and oil-surface-air (θOA) interfacial contact angles of 150° and 0° respectively. In addition to the wettability studies (contact angles), FTIR, morphological, and elemental characterizations of the TMVS@SiO2 coated surfaces were carried out to understand the alterations that have taken place on the TMVS@SiO2 surface that in turn rendered superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity to the surface. The FTIR absorption peaks indicate that after modifying SiO2 with TMVS, the -OH groups on SiO2 surface are clearly replaced by -CH3. The morphological studies indicated that modification of SiO2 leads to better cross-linking between coating composition and nanoparticles and EDS spectra and elemental mapping of the modified surface showed the presence of Si, O and C elements. Finally, this surface was tested for its efficiency and stability as a membrane in the process of separating oil and water from the oily water using gravity driven method. The oil-water separation efficiency was estimated to be 99% for this membrane and also it was found to be quite stable as the surface effectively retained this oil-water separation efficiency even after 10 cycles of separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Baig
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes & Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Faizan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Dastageer
- IRC for Hydrogen & Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Gondal
- IRC for Hydrogen & Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia; K.A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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Hadadi NA, Baig U, Gondal M, Mohamed M, Dastageer M. Pulsed Laser Induced Synthesis of Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Cadmium Selenide nanocomposite for Photo-catalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes, and Electro-catalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Shi Z, Rao L, Wang P, Zhang L. The photocatalytic activity and purification performance of g-C 3N 4/carbon nanotubes composite photocatalyst in underwater environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83981-83992. [PMID: 35776310 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21535-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a promising photocatalyst for its high catalytic activity, low-cost and high-biosafety characteristics. Due to the complexity of underwater photochemical reaction conditions and the disadvantages of g-C3N4 itself such as low specific surface area, easy recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and insufficient light absorption capacity, the application of g-C3N4 in the field of water purification is limited. For improving underwater photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4, a g-C3N4/carbon nanotubes (CNT-CN) composite photocatalyst with high specific surface area and enhanced light absorption capacity were prepared by in situ solvothermal method. Its photodegradation efficiency at different underwater transmission light was further studied. The results show that CNT has good compatibility with g-C3N4. g-C3N4 can grow in situ on the surface of CNT and form a stable composite structure. Moreover, its degradation efficiency under long-wavelength irradiation is improved significantly. The degradation rate of CNT-CN at 550-700 nm was about 3 times than that of g-C3N4. Furthermore, CNT-CN can maintain higher photocatalytic activity under water. At 40 cm depth where light intensity and ultraviolet spectra were attenuated 63.8% and 80.1%, respectively, the degradation rate of CNT-CN3 can still reach 3.49 times than that of g-C3N4. Based on this study, the introduction of CNT effectively promotes the electron-hole separation efficiency of g-C3N4, widens its spectral response range, and thus improves its underwater degradation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lei Rao
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Fan Q, Lu T, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Ma W, Xiong R, Huang C. Bio-based materials with special wettability for oil-water separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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A review on super-wettable porous membranes and materials based on bio-polymeric chitosan for oil-water separation. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 303:102635. [PMID: 35325601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate surface wettability of membranes and materials are of an extreme importance for targeting separation of mixtures/emulsions such as oil from water or conversely water from oil. The development of super-wettable membranes and materials surfaces have shown remarkable potential for recovering water from oil-water emulsion while offering maximum resistance to fouling. The availability of clean and potable water has been regarded as an important global challenge for coming human generations. Oil and gas industry is continuously producing immense quantities of waste stream regarded as produced water which contains oil dispersed in water along with other several components. Treating such immense quantities of oily wastewater is of utmost need for recovering precious water for possible reuse or safe disposal. Various technologies have been developed for targeting the separation of oil-water emulsions or mixtures to harness useful potable water and oil as products. Membrane-based separations or use of porous materials such as mesh have been explored in literature for separation of oil-water mixtures/emulsions. Given the unique features of special hydrophilicity, ease of tunability, control of molecular weight, abundant availability, and potential for commercial scale up, chitosan has been extensively used for modifying membranes/meshes or preparing composites with other materials for oil-water separations. This review has described in detail the synthesis, methods of modification and application of chitosan-based super-wettable membranes/meshes and porous materials for oil-water separation. The special wettability features including super-hydrophobicity/superoleophilicity, super-oleophobicity/super-hydrophilicity and super-hydrophilicity/underwater super-oleophobicity of various chitosan-based membranes and materials have been discussed in detail in the review. The strategies for enhancing or developing special wettability for target specific applications have also been discussed. Finally, the challenges, their respective importance have been identified along with a discussion on possible solutions to these challenges.
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Applications of two-dimensional layered nanomaterials in photoelectrochemical sensors: A comprehensive review. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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