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Shen L, Ai G, Liu H, Zhu L, Lai L, Yan X, Yu W, Mi Y. Synthesis and demulsification performance of a novel low-temperature demulsifier based on trimethyl citrate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134543. [PMID: 38718501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A significant amount of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion is generated during petroleum extraction. However, the current commercial demulsifiers are expensive to produce and requires high demulsification temperatures, leading to increased energy and economic consumption. To enhance the efficiency of demulsifiers and reduce the cost of demulsifying W/O emulsions, we have successfully developed a novel demulsifier named TCED through a straightforward two-step process. This demulsifier features trimethyl citrate as the hydrophilic core grafted with three hydrophobic chains. Its structure was characterized using EA, FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the demulsification performance was comprehensively evaluated. At a low demulsification temperature of 40 °C, TCED demonstrated a remarkable demulsification efficiency (DE) of 99.06% and 98.74% in emulsions containing water contents of 70% (E70) and 50% (E50), respectively. Especially, a DE of 100% could be obtained in both E70 and E50 emulsions at a concentration of 600 mg/L. Moreover, TCED displayed a high DE even at high salinity levels of 50,000 mg/L and across a wide pH range of 2-10. Additionally, the phase interface was consistently clear after demulsification. To investigate the demulsification mechanism of TCED, various adsorption kinetics experiments were conducted, including measurements of interfacial tension (IFT), surface tension (SFT), interfacial competitive adsorption, and stability of interfacial film. The results obtained from the experiments indicated that TCED possessed remarkable diffusion and replacement capabilities within the emulsions. As a result, it effectively disrupted the original interfacial active substances, such as asphaltenes aggregates found in crude oil. TCED exhibits a high DE at low concentration and temperature. This characteristic highlights its significant potential for low-temperature demulsification applications in the petroleum industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Shen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Guosheng Ai
- Research Institute of Oil and Gas Engineering, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, PR China
| | - Hanguang Liu
- Kela Oil and Gas Production Management Zone, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, PR China
| | - Lianggen Zhu
- Dina Oil and Gas Production Management Zone, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, PR China
| | - Lu Lai
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Xuemin Yan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Weichu Yu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Mi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China.
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2
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Liu Y, Shao B, Jiang W, Zhang X, Gao L, Han C, Xiong W. Experimental study on the aluminum aggregate property during the treatment of lightweight oil spills using electrocoagulation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38350023 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2315097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The properties of aggregates significantly affect the demulsification efficiency within the electrocoagulation reactor. This paper aims to explore aggregate properties including the particle size, strength factor (Fs), and recovery factor (Fr). The experiments were carried out using aluminum-aluminum electrodes. The experimental results indicate that breakage time did not change Fs much but was positively correlated with Fr. When the current was increased from 0.75 A to 1.0 A, Fs experienced a decrease of 12.42%, while Fr exhibited an increase of 19.38%. In comparison to pH 9.0, both Fs and Fr demonstrated an increase at pH levels of 2.0 and 10.0. The size of aggregates significantly decreases under rocking conditions simulating offshore environments, while the oil removal rate does not change much. This phenomenon can be attributed to the fact that different initial mean particle sizes have different Fs and Fr. The aggregates |Fs-Fr| were positively correlated with the initial average particle size of the electroflocculated aggregates. The present study offers a crucial theoretical foundation for the growth and regulation of aggregates formed during electrocoagulation treatment of oil spills on the sea surface.Synopsis: This paper is of great theoretical value for understanding the growth and control of EC aggregates to treat offshore light oil spills using the electrocoagulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Produced Water Treatment and Environmental Pollution Control (Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation), Dongying, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyan Shao
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Produced Water Treatment and Environmental Pollution Control (Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation), Dongying, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Produced Water Treatment and Environmental Pollution Control (Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation), Dongying, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Produced Water Treatment and Environmental Pollution Control (Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation), Dongying, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujing Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Han
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Produced Water Treatment and Environmental Pollution Control (Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation), Dongying, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Produced Water Treatment and Environmental Pollution Control (Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation), Dongying, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Lu W, Du Y, Fu R, Tan M, Zhou G, Jegatheesan V, Zhang Y. Effect of electrodialysis on colloidal geometry and dynamics: Why my membrane stack was clogged even after a fine pretreatment? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166016. [PMID: 37541523 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
As a long-standing problem, electrodialysis (ED) clogging is believed a consequence of colloids. However, its blocking causation and clogging mechanism have not been verified. In this study, electrodialysis was used to treat a colloidal saline solution, aiming to answer the question from the "nature" of ED by investigating the influence of ED parameters such as laminar flow, salt concentration, current density and pH on colloid geometry and dynamics during the desalting process. The results revealed that: (i) laminar and membrane electrostatic repulsion and adsorption could not significantly increase the particle size (maximum 2.28 times), while the applied electric field elevated the particle size by 54.52 times (119.9 ± 13.66 to 6537.5 ± 64.35 nm); (ii) when the initial feed concentration elevated 10 times (0.1 to 1 mol/L NaCl), the particle size upsurged 149-fold (5.99 ± 0.57 to >150 μm), and flocs were generated. This enhancement was mainly attributed to the compressive electric double layer effect, and the Debye length was trimmed from 0.96 to 0.30 nm; (iii) The low current density (25 A/m2) had a profound aggregation effect on small BSA particles (roughly 10 nm); (iv) The change of pH causes the conformational transition of BSA. In the strong acidic (pH = 3.0) environment, the colloidal particle size expanded by 13 times. This study confirmed that the aggregation of colloids was the culprit of spacer clogging during electrodialysis at higher salt concentrations (>1 mol/L). Furthermore, experimental data were substituted into the simulation formula to summarise the geometry and dynamic variation of BSA in ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchen Du
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China; School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Rongqiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Charged Polymeric Membrane Materials of Shandong Province, Shandong Tianwei Membrane Technology Co. Ltd., Weifang 261061, China
| | - Ming Tan
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering Research Centre for Pollution Control and Resource Valorization in Chemical Industry, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Guizhong Zhou
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering Research Centre for Pollution Control and Resource Valorization in Chemical Industry, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Veeriah Jegatheesan
- School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China; School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Shandong Engineering Research Centre for Pollution Control and Resource Valorization in Chemical Industry, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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Jasim MA, AlJaberi FY. Removal of COD from real oily wastewater by electrocoagulation using a new configuration of electrodes. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:651. [PMID: 37160640 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to bring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration down to safe levels for widespread use, this study plans to use a state-of-the-art electrocoagulation reactor (ECR) to treat real oily wastewater discharged from the Al-Muthanna petroleum refinery. A one-side finned (1SF) cathode tube was positioned between two tubular anodes in the continuous ECR, where the active area of the cathode was much more than its submerged volume. Each of these electrodes was made of aluminum and joined in a monopolar parallel to a DC power supply. On COD elimination efficiency, the impacts of operational parameters such as electrolysis time (4-60 min), current density (0.630-5.000 mA/cm2), and flow rate (50-150 ml/min) were explored. In conclusion, Increasing current density and electrolysis duration increases COD removal efficiency, whereas increasing flow rate reduces it. COD removal efficiencies were 82% at optimal electrolysis times of 60 (min), 5 (mA/cm2) current density, and 50 (ml/min) flow rate, with energy consumption of 4.787 (kWh/kg COD) and electrode consumption of 0.544 (g). The investigation results demonstrated that the new reactor could treat oily wastewater within the specified operational limits. It might be used before other, more conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aiyd Jasim
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Al-Qadisiyah University, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq.
| | - Forat Yasir AlJaberi
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah, Al-Muthanna, Iraq.
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5
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Cao Q, Qian Y, Li J, Yang S. Performance and mechanism study on surfactant-stabilized oil microdroplets extraction from oily wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Hou N, Zhao X, Han Z, Jiang X, Fang Y, Chen Y, Li D. Dodecenylsuccinic anhydride-modified oxalate decarboxylase loaded with magnetic nano-Fe 3O 4@SiO 2 for demulsification of oil-in-water emulsions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136595. [PMID: 36167213 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The inability to demulsify oil-in-water emulsions via green and efficient processes is a challenging problem in many industrial processes. As a novel biodemulsifier, protein demulsifiers display excellent dispersibility and stability, but their demulsification mechanisms are not clear, which severely restricts their large-scale production and application. In this study, the demulsification mechanism of the high-efficiency protein biodemulsifier oxalate decarboxylase (Bacm OxdC), which is secreted by the Bacillus mojavensis XH1 strain, for an oil-in-water emulsion was analyzed. The results showed that Bacm OxdC was spontaneously adsorbed at the oil-water interface and turned its hydrophobic amino acids outward to increase its hydrophobicity and break the emulsified system. Furthermore, it effectively reduced the oil-water interfacial tension and interfacial film strength, thereby reducing the oil-water interfacial energy and finally enabling demulsification. To further improve the demulsification efficiency and reusability, Fe3O4@SiO2@OxdC-DDSA was prepared. This method provided a magnetic response for Bacm OxdC and enabled efficient demulsification. The demulsification rate of Fe3O4@SiO2@OxdC-DDSA reached 98.1% at 24 h, which was 30.7% higher than that of the original Bacm OxdC. After three cycles, the demulsification rate still reached 89.3%, proving it has excellent recyclability. This work is the first study on the demulsification mechanism of protein biodemulsifiers and provides useful insights into the demulsification mechanism of biodemulsifiers for oil-in-water emulsions. In addition, a promising high-efficiency modification technique for protein biodemulsifiers was proposed, which provided information for the development of biodemulsifiers for oil-water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China
| | - Ziyi Han
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China
| | - Xinxin Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China
| | - Yongping Fang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
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7
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Li S, Yuan S, Zhang Y, Guo H, Liu S, Wang D, Wang Y. Molecular Dynamics Study on the Demulsification Mechanism of Water-In-Oil Emulsion with SDS Surfactant under a DC Electric Field. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:12717-12730. [PMID: 36197725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Application of an electric field is an effective demulsification method for water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. For the W/O emulsions stabilized by anionic surfactants, the microscopic demulsification mechanism is still not very clear. In this work, the coalescence behavior of two droplets stabilized by the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the oil phase under a DC electric field is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The effects of electric field strength and oil type on the electrocoalescence of two water droplets are mainly considered. The trajectory snapshots and center of mass of the two water droplets suggest that there is almost no migratory coalescence. The movement of sodium ions and SDS, which is a combined effect of the electric field force and the resistance from the oil phase, is crucial for the deformation and connection of two water droplets. The results of mean square displacement, radial distribution function, hydration number, and interaction energies of Na+-H2O and SDS-H2O indicate that the sodium ion has a stronger ability to carry water molecules for movement than SDS. The stronger electric field strength will result in more severe deformation and shorter coalescence time. Under the higher electric field strength, the two droplets will be elongated into a slender water ribbon. By applying a pulsed DC electric field with suitable amplitude, frequency, and duty ratio, it is possible to achieve full coalescence for the ionic surfactant-stabilized W/O emulsions. The oil phase also plays an important role for the deformation of droplets and the migration of emulsion components. For the different oil phases, a longer time or stronger electric field strength would be needed for the electrocoalescence of droplets in the oil phase with higher density and viscosity. Our results are expected to be helpful for practical application in the petroleum industry and chemical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Li
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Shundong Yuan
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Yuanwu Zhang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Huiying Guo
- Research Institute of Experiment and Detection, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay834000, China
| | - Sai Liu
- Research Institute of Experiment and Detection, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay834000, China
| | - Diansheng Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Yudou Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao266580, China
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Wang L, Zhang B, Zhao B, Yang S, Wu K, Sun J, Hu C. Demulsification performance and mechanism of oil droplets by electrocoagulation: Role of surfactant. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 118:171-180. [PMID: 35305766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are widely used to improve the solubility of oil in water in petrochemical, making it more difficult to remove oil-water emulsions during the water treatment process. Electrocoagulation (EC) is an appropriate method for treating oily wastewater and destabilizing emulsions. However, the demulsification mechanism of oil-water droplets emulsified by surfactants with different charges have not been investigated systematically. The demulsification performance of electrocoagulation on emulsions wastewater containing cationic, non-ionic, and anionic surfactants was studied. The results showed that the removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) in oily wastewater with anionic surfactant by EC reached 92.98% ± 0.40% at a current density of 1 mA/cm2, while that of the non-ionic surfactant was 84.88% ± 0.63%. The characterization of flocs showed that EC has the highest coagulation and demulsification of oil droplets with a negative charge on the surface (-70.50 ± 10.25 mV), which indicated that the charge neutralization of oil droplets was beneficial for the destabilization of the formed oily flocs. However, when the zeta potential of the oil droplets reached 75.50 ± 1.25 mV, the TOC removal efficiency was only 11.80% ± 1.43%. The TOC removal could achieve 33.23% ± 3.21% when the current density improved from 1 mA/cm2 to 10 mA/cm2. The enhanced removal was due to the sweep coagulation rather than charge neutralization. This study provides a fundamental basis for the electrochemical treatment of oily wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ben Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Saiguo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Kun Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Jingqiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Liu S, Yuan S, Zhang H. Molecular Dynamics Simulation for the Demulsification of O/W Emulsion under Pulsed Electric Field. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082559. [PMID: 35458757 PMCID: PMC9029195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A bidirectional pulsed electric field (BPEF) method is considered a simple and novel technique to demulsify O/W emulsions. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the transformation and aggregation behavior of oil droplets in O/W emulsion under BPEF. Then, the effect of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) on the demulsification of O/W emulsion was investigated. The simulation results showed that the oil droplets transformed and moved along the direction of the electric field. SDS molecules can shorten the aggregation time of oil droplets in O/W emulsion. The electrostatic potential distribution on the surface of the oil droplet, the elongation length of the oil droplets, and the mean square displacement (MSD) of SDS and asphaltene molecules under an electric field were calculated to explain the aggregation of oil droplets under the simulated pulsed electric field. The simulation also showed that the two oil droplets with opposite charges have no obvious effect on the aggregation of the oil droplets. However, van der Waals interactions between oil droplets was the main factor in the aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; (S.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shiling Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; (S.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; (S.L.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang L, He Y, Luo P, Ma L, Li S, Nie Y, Yu J, Guo X. A robust underwater superoleophobic aminated polyacrylonitrile membrane embedded with CNTs-COOH for durable oil/water and dyes/oil emulsions separation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133535. [PMID: 35016958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Considering the emulsified oil and water-soluble dyes in wastewater, the exploitation of easy-manufacturing, energy-saving and high-efficiency separation materials is urgently required. In this work, integrating the positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) with negatively charged CNTs-COOH constructed the superhydrophilic Cassie-Baxter structure onto the electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane surface by ultrasonic, electrostatic interaction and thermal treatment. Based on it, the PEN@CNTs membrane achieved efficient separation for surfactant-free, tween 80-stabilized, SDS-stabilized, and CTAB-stabilized emulsions (the fluxes reached 508-3158 L m-2 h-1, the separation efficiency reached 99.42%) by the splendid water-penetration and oil-repellency, electrostatic interaction, and "aperture sieve". Moreover, because of the porosity and strong charged surface of PEN@CNTs membrane, the anionic dyes can be quickly removed by one-step filtrate method (∼403 L m-2 h-1). Meanwhile, the PEN@CNTs membrane also achieved synchronous and efficient remediation for oil/dye mixture emulsions after many cycles. More importantly, facing the complex physical and chemical environments, the combination of the stabilized PEN membrane, inactive CNTs-COOH layer, and the bond of embedding method between CNTs-COOH and PEN nanofibers made the PEN@CNTs membrane demonstrated robust stability and durable separation capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Zhang
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610500, China.
| | - Pingya Luo
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China.
| | - Lan Ma
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Yiling Nie
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Xiao Guo
- State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
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Shokri A, Fard MS. A critical review in electrocoagulation technology applied for oil removal in industrial wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132355. [PMID: 34582927 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
EC process, which stands for Electrocoagulation, is considered a widespread wastewater remediation method that is investigated widely for an extensive variety of wastewater resources, based on its flexibility, easy setup, eco-friendly nature, and low footprint. The critical operative factors in the EC process and the crucial relation between EC and the typical chemical coagulation approach had been thoroughly evaluated because they are the main variables that govern the process of contaminant elimination. As a result, the EC process requires further investigations for scale-up simulations in the manufacturing scopes and optimization of operational parameters. Furthermore, the current paper studies the novel integrated separation methods with the combined EC process and also their limitations for improved wastewater remediation process for cleaner wastes, recycling processes, and water recovery. In this paper, the EC enhancement processes toward oil removal from wastewater have been reviewed which includes a concise representation of the source and features of oily wastewater. Additionally, the advanced remediation methods for oil-contained wastewater and the electrocoagulation process are presented. This review summarized the present utilization of electrocoagulation to eliminate oil from wastewater. Besides the process optimization and modeling investigations, the parameters that significantly affect the electrocoagulation remediation effectiveness are evaluated. Finally, the cutting-edge and sophisticated methods of electrocoagulation process for oil removal are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shokri
- Jundi-Shapur Research Institute, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Sanavi Fard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tafresh University, Tafresh, Iran
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