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Dhull P, Kumar S, Yadav N, Lohchab RK. A comprehensive review on anaerobic digestion with focus on potential feedstocks, limitations associated and recent advances for biogas production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33736-6. [PMID: 38795291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
With the escalating energy demand to accommodate the growing population and its needs along with the responsibility to mitigate climate change and its consequences, anaerobic digestion (AD) has become the potential approach to sustainably fulfil our demands and tackle environmental issues. Notably, a lot of attention has been drawn in recent years towards the production of biogas around the world in waste-to-energy perspective. Nevertheless, the progress of AD is hindered by several factors such as operating parameters, designing and the performance of AD reactors. Furthermore, the full potential of this approach is not fully realised yet due the dependence on people's acceptance and government policies. This article focuses on the different types of feedstocks and their biogas production potential. The feedstock selection is the basic and most important step for accessing the biogas yield. Furthermore, different stages of the AD process, design and the configuration of the biogas digester/reactors have been discussed to get better insight into process. The important aspect to talk about this process is its limitations associated which have been focused upon in detail. Biogas is considered to attain the sustainable development goals (SDG) proposed by United Nations. Therefore, the huge focus should be drawn towards its improvements to counter the limitation and makes it available to all the rural communities in developing countries and set-up the pilot scale AD plants in both developing and developed countries. In this regard, this article talks about the improvements and futures perspective related to the AD process and biogas enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramjeet Dhull
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Biochemical Conversion Division, Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144601, India
| | - Nisha Yadav
- Biochemical Conversion Division, Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144601, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Lohchab
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.
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Prem EM, Markt R, Wunderer M, Wagner AO. Meso- and thermophilic posttreatment of press water coming from a thermophilic municipal solid waste digester. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:266-280. [PMID: 37902646 PMCID: PMC10953027 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
An efficient biogas production out of organic (waste) materials is important to contribute to a carbon-neutral future. In this study, thermophilic press water (PW) coming from an organic fraction of the municipal solid waste digester was further digested in a thermo- and mesophilic posttreatment approach using two semicontinuous 14 L digesters. The results showed that the PW can still have considerable high biogas potential-at least during the touristic high season in central Europe. The change in temperature led to an increase in volatile fatty acid concentrations and a decrease in biogas production in the mesophilic approach in the first days. However, the losses in biogas production at the beginning could be compensated thus there were no considerable differences in biogas production between thermo- and mesophilic posttreatment at the end of incubation. This can most probably be contributed to a change in the microbial community, and potentially problematic intermediates like valerate could be better degraded in the mesophilic reactor. Especially the abundance of representatives of the phylum Bacteroidota, like Fermentimonas spp., increased during mesophilic anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Prem
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversität InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Rudolf Markt
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversität InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
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Ahmed B, Gahlot P, Balasundaram G, Tyagi VK, Banu J R, Vivekanand V, Kazmi AA. Semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion of thermal and thermal-alkali processed organic fraction of municipal solid waste: Methane yield, energy analysis, anaerobic microbiome. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118907. [PMID: 37666133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of thermal and thermal-alkali pretreated organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) was studied under varying hydraulic retention times (HRT) and organic loading rates (OLR Three semi-continuous digesters were operated under control (non-pre-treated), thermally pretreated (125 °C), and thermal-alkali pretreated (125°C-3g/L NaOH) conditions at variable OLRs at 2.5, 4.0, 5.1, and 7.6 kgVS/m3.d and corresponding HRTs of 30, 20, 15, and 10 days. The 10 and 43% higher methane yield (0.445 m3/kgVS) and 11 and 57% higher VS removal (52%) was achieved for thermal-alkali pretreated digester at 5.1 kgVS/m3.d OLR over thermally pretreated (0.408 m3/kgVS, 45% VS removal) and control digesters (0.310 m3/kgVS, 33% VS removal), respectively. Thermal and thermal-alkali digesters failed on increasing the OLR to 7.6 kgVS/m3.d, whereas the control digester becomes upset at 5.1 kgVS/m3.d OLR. The metagenomic study revealed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Euryarchaeota, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the predominant bacterial population, whereas Methanosarcina and Methanothrix dominated the archaeal community. Energy balance analysis revealed that thermal alkali pretreatment showed the highest positive energy balance of 114.6 MJ/ton with an energy ratio of 1.25 compared with thermally pretreated (81.5 MJ/ton) and control samples (-46.9 MJ/ton). This work pave the way for scaleup of both thermal and thermal-alkali pre-treatment at 125 °C to realize the techno-economic and energy potential of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsha Ahmed
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Pallavi Gahlot
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Gowtham Balasundaram
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
| | - Rajesh Banu J
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, 610005, India
| | - Vivekanand Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
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Cubero-Cardoso J, Jiménez-Páez E, Trujillo-Reyes Á, Serrano A, Urbano J, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez G, Borja R, Fermoso FG. Valorization of strawberry extrudate waste: Recovery of phenolic compounds by direct-hydrothermal treatment and subsequent methane production by mesophilic semi-continuous anaerobic digestion. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 169:310-318. [PMID: 37499411 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry extrudate (SE) is an underused by-product from strawberry industry. Recovery of the phenolic compounds present in SE would represent a very interesting valorisation option. Two main challenges need to be solved, firstly, the solubilisation and recovery of the phenolic compounds contained in SE, and, after that, the stabilisation of the resulted de-phenolized SE. The present research evaluates the potential of a biorefinery process combining a hydrothermal pre-treatment, followed by a phenolic extraction process and, finally, the anaerobic digestion of the remaining SE for producing energy that will contribute to compensate the energy requirements of the whole system. Following the hydrothermal pre-treatment at 170 °C for 60 min, an extraction of 0.6 ± 0.1 g of gallic acid per kilogram of SE was achieved using an adsorbent resin, representing a recovery rate of 64 %. Long-term semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of de-phenolized SE was evaluated at different organic loading rates to evaluate the stability of the process. The anaerobic digestion of pre-treated SE achieved a stable methane production value of 243 ± 34 mL CH4·g volatile solids-1·d-1 at an organic loading rate (ORL) of 1.25 g volatile solids·L-1·d-1. During the operation at this ORL, the control parameters including pH, alkalinity, soluble chemical organic demand (sCOD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) remained stable and consistently constant. Specifically, the VFA in the reactor during this stable period achieved a value of 102 ± 128 mg O2/L. Also, an economic balance showed that the minimal price of the generated phenolic extract for having benefited from the proposed biorefinery system was 0.812 €·(g of gallic acid equivalents)-1, a price within the range of phenolic compounds used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cubero-Cardoso
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain; Laboratory of Sustainable and Circular Technology. CIDERTA and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Experimental Sciences. Campus de "El Carmen", University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Elena Jiménez-Páez
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain; Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángeles Trujillo-Reyes
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Urbano
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Circular Technology. CIDERTA and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Experimental Sciences. Campus de "El Carmen", University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando G Fermoso
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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Seraj S, Azargohar R, Borugadda VB, Dalai AK. Energy recovery from agro-forest wastes through hydrothermal carbonization coupled with hydrothermal Co-gasification: Effects of succinic acid on hydrochars and H 2 production. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139390. [PMID: 37402427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to upgrade agro-forest wastes into value-added solid and gaseous fuels in the present investigation, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of spruce (SP), canola hull (CH), and canola meal (CM) was optimized in terms of operating conditions, maximizing the higher heating value of hydrochars. The optimal operating conditions were achieved at HTC temperature, reaction time, and solid-to-liquid ratio of 260 °C, 60 min, and 0.2 g mL-1, respectively. At the optimum condition, succinic acid (0.05-0.1 M) was used as HTC reaction medium to investigate the effects of acidic medium on the fuel characteristics of hydrochars. The succinic acid assisted HTC was found to eliminate ash-forming minerals e.g., K, Mg, and Ca from hydrochar backbones. The calorific values, H/C and O/C atomic ratios of hydrochars were in the range of 27.6-29.8 MJ kg-1, 0.8-1.1, and 0.1-0.2, respectively, indicating the biomass upgrading into coal-like solid fuels. Finally, hydrothermal gasification of hydrochars with their corresponding HTC aqueous phase (HTC-AP) was assessed. Gasification of CM resulted in a relatively high H2 yield of 4.9-5.5 mol kg-1 followed by that for SP with 4.0-4.6 mol H2 per kg of hydrochars. Results suggest that hydrochars and HTC-AP have a great potential for H2 production via hydrothermal co-gasification, while suggesting HTC-AP reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Seraj
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ramin Azargohar
- Department of Process Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Venu Babu Borugadda
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ajay K Dalai
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Shabbirahmed AM, Joel J, Gomez A, Patel AK, Singhania RR, Haldar D. Environment friendly emerging techniques for the treatment of waste biomass: a focus on microwave and ultrasonication processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:79706-79723. [PMID: 37336854 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
In the recent past, an increasing interest is mostly observed in using microwave and ultrasonic irradiation to aid the biological conversion of waste materials into value-added products. This study is focused on various individual impacts of microwaves and ultrasonic waves for the treatment of biomass before the synthesis of value-added products. Following, a comprehensive review of the mechanisms governing microwaves and ultrasonication as the treatment methods, their effects on biomass disruption, solubilization of organic matter, modification of the crystalline structure, enzymatic hydrolysis and production of reducing sugars was performed. However, based on the lab-scale experiments evaluated, microwaves and ultrasonication were studied to be economically and energetically ineffective despite their beneficial effects on the waste biomass. This article reviews some of the difficulties associated with using microwaves and ultrasonic irradiation for the efficient processing of waste biomasses and identified some potential directions for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Musfira Shabbirahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Jesse Joel
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Anbu Gomez
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226029, India
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India.
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7
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Naveenkumar R, Iyyappan J, Pravin R, Kadry S, Han J, Sindhu R, Awasthi MK, Rokhum SL, Baskar G. A strategic review on sustainable approaches in municipal solid waste management andenergy recovery: Role of artificial intelligence,economic stability andlife cycle assessment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 379:129044. [PMID: 37044151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of energy levels has increased in association with economic growth and concurrently increased the energy demand from renewable sources. The need under Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) intends to explore various technological advancements for the utilization of waste to energy. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has been reported as constructive feedstock to produce biofuels, biofuel carriers and biochemicals using energy-efficient technologies in risk freeways. The present review contemplates risk assessment and challenges in sorting and transportation of MSW and different aspects of conversion of MSW into energy are critically analysed. The circular bioeconomy of energy production strategies and management of waste are also analysed. The current scenario on MSW and its impacts on the environment are elucidated in conjunction with various policies and amendments equipped for the competent management of MSW in order to fabricate a sustained environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendiran Naveenkumar
- Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, United States
| | - Jayaraj Iyyappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602107, India
| | - Ravichandran Pravin
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai 600119. India
| | - Seifedine Kadry
- Department of Applied Data Science, Noroff University College, Kristiansand, Norway; Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC), Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Jeehoon Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | | | - Gurunathan Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai 600119. India; Department of Applied Data Science, Noroff University College, Kristiansand, Norway.
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Ebrahimian F, Denayer JFM, Mohammadi A, Khoshnevisan B, Karimi K. A critical review on pretreatment and detoxification techniques required for biofuel production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128316. [PMID: 36375700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a widely-available promising feedstock for biofuel production. However, the presence of different inhibitors originating from fruit and food/beverage wastes as well as recalcitrant lignocellulosic fractions hampers its bioconversion. This necessitates a pretreatment to augment the biodigestibility and fermentability of OFMSW. Hence, this review aims to provide the in-vogue inhibitory compound removal and pretreatment techniques that have been employed for efficient OFMSW conversion into biofuels, i.e., hydrogen, biogas, ethanol, and butanol. The techniques are compared concerning their mode of action, chemical and energy consumption, inhibitor formation and removal, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability. This critique also reviews the existing knowledge gap and future perspectives for efficient OFMSW valorization. The insights provided pave the way toward developing energy-resilient cities while addressing environmental crises related to generating OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Ebrahimian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 65188 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joeri F M Denayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 65188 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Benyamin Khoshnevisan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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9
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Ahmed B, Tyagi S, Rahmani AM, Kazmi AA, Varjani S, Tyagi VK. Novel insight on ferric ions addition to mitigate recalcitrant formation during thermal-alkali hydrolysis to enhance biomethanation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154621. [PMID: 35306085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermal-chemical pre-treatment has proven to facilitate the solubilization of organics and improvement in biogas generation from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, the production of recalcitrant is inevitable when OFMSW is pretreated at high temperatures and alkali dosage. This study develops a strategy to use Fe3+ to reduce the formation of recalcitrant compounds, i.e., 5-HydroxyMethyl Furfural (5-HMF), furfurals, and humic acids (HA) during thermal-alkali pre-treatment. It was postulated that the formation of the recalcitrant compound during pre-treatment can be reduced by Fe3+ dosing to oxidize intermediates of Maillard reactions. A decrease in 5-HMF (45-49%) and furfurals (54-66%) was observed during Fe3+ (optimum dose: 10 mg/L) mediated thermal-alkali pre-treatment owing to the Lewis acid behavior of FeCl3. The Fe3+ mediated assays show a substantial improvement in VS removal (28%) and biogas yield, i.e., 31% (292 mL/gVSadded) in 150 °C + 3 g/L NaOH, 34% (316 mL/gVSadded) in 175 °C + 3 g/L NaOH, and 36% (205 mL/gVSadded) in 200 °C + 3 g/L NaOH assays, over their respective controls (no Fe3+ dosing). The reducing property of Fe3+ rendered a low ORP (-345 mV) in the system than control, which is beneficial to the anaerobic microbiome. Electrical conductivity (EC) also shows a three-fold increase in Fe3+ mediated assays over control, promoting direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) amongst microbes involved in the electrical syntrophy. The score plot and loading plots from principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the results obtained by supplementing 10 mg/L Fe3+ at 150, 175, and 200 °C were significantly different. The correlation of the operational parameters was also mutually correlated. This work provides a techno-economically and environmentally feasible option to mitigate the formation of recalcitrant compounds and enhance biogas production in downstream AD by improving the degradability of pretreated substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsha Ahmed
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Shivi Tyagi
- Department of Environmental Science, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, India
| | - Ali Mohammad Rahmani
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India.
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Muratçobanoğlu H, Begüm Gökçek Ö, Muratçobanoğlu F, Mert RA, Demirel S. Biomethane enhancement using reduced graphene oxide in anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127163. [PMID: 35429595 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present research investigated the impact of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) addition on the semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) in the range of 0.5-10 gVolatileSolid(VS)/Lreactorday organic loading rates (OLR). Adding rGO enhanced the rate and yield of biomethane production, and the maximum biomethane increment rate was obtained as 110% at an OLR of 4.0 gVS/Lreactorday. However, after increasing the OLR to 6 gVS/Lreactorday, there was a dramatic decrease in biomethane production because of volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. Methanotrix is the predominant archaeal genus at OLRs lower than 6 gVS/Lreactorday in reactors (89-97%). An increment in biomethane production was associated with the higher abundance of the Methanothrix genus in the rGO-supported reactor (rG) than in the control reactor (rC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdi Muratçobanoğlu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey.
| | - Öznur Begüm Gökçek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey; Department of Energy Science and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey
| | - Fatma Muratçobanoğlu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Ruhullah Ali Mert
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Demirel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey; Department of Energy Science and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey
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11
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Balasundaram G, Banu R, Varjani S, Kazmi AA, Tyagi VK. Recalcitrant compounds formation, their toxicity, and mitigation: Key issues in biomass pretreatment and anaerobic digestion. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132930. [PMID: 34800498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing energy demands and environmental issues have stressed the importance of sustainable methods of energy production. Anaerobic digestion (AD) of the biodegradable waste, i.e., agricultural residues, organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), sewage sludge, etc., results in the production of biogas, which is a sustainable and cost feasible technique that reduces the dependence on fossil fuels and also overcomes the problems associated with biomass waste management. To solubilize the organic matter and enhance the susceptibility of hardly biodegradable fraction (i.e., lignocellulosic) for hydrolysis and increase methane production, several pretreatments, including physical, chemical, biological, and hybrid methods have been studied. However, these pretreatment methods under specific operating conditions result in the formation of recalcitrant compounds, such as sugars (xylose, Xylo-oligomers), organic acids (acetic, formic, levulinic acids), and lignin derivatives (poly and mono-phenolic compounds), causing significant inhibitory effects on anaerobic digestion. During the scaling up of these techniques from laboratory to industrial level, the focus on managing inhibitory compounds formed during pretreatment is envisaged to increase because of the need to use recalcitrant feedstocks in anaerobic digestion to increase biogas productivity. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the production mechanism of inhibitory compounds during pretreatment and work out the possible detoxification methods to improve anaerobic digestion. This paper critically reviews the earlier works based on the formation of recalcitrant compounds during feedstocks pretreatment under variable conditions, and their detrimental effects on process performance. The technologies to mitigate recalcitrant toxicity are also comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Balasundaram
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
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Ahmed B, Tyagi S, Banu R, Kazmi AA, Tyagi VK. Carbon based conductive materials mediated recalcitrant toxicity mitigation during anaerobic digestion of thermo-chemically pre-treated organic fraction of municipal solid waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132682. [PMID: 34710464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature thermal pretreatment alone or in conjugation with chemical pretreatment (highly acidic or alkaline) produced recalcitrant compounds, which inhibits the anaerobic digestion (AD) process performance. This study aims to develop a strategy to use carbon-based conductive materials to mitigate the recalcitrant toxicity and enhance the methane generation in the downstream AD. The formation of recalcitrant compounds, mainly the furan derivatives, i.e., furfural and 5-HydroxyMethyl furfurals (5-HMF) during thermo-chemical pretreatment of OFMSW at 150 °C, 175 °C, 200 °C with 3 g/L-NaOH dose, and the alleviation of their inhibitory effects by adding 25 g/L of each of granular activated carbon (GAC) and granular biochar (GBC) during mesophilic AD were studied. The addition of conductive materials resulted in the highest biogas yield of 462 mL/gVSadded (GAC) and 449 mL/gVSadded (GBC) for 175°C-3g/L-NaOH pretreatment, which was >45% higher over control. The highest improvement of >65% in biogas yield was observed for 200°C-3g/L-NaOH pretreatment despite the lower biogas yield. The conductive materials amended digester shows a significant decrease in the 5-HMF and furfurals concertation. The highest reduction in 5-HMF (44%) and furfural (51%) concentrations were observed for 200°C-3g/L-NaOH pretreatment, and 25 g/L GBC amended tests. The score plots from the principal component analysis (PCA) of the characterization of the digestate showed that the data were significant, whereas the loading plots depicted the correlation of different experimental parameters studied (like fate of recalcitrant, biogas yield and other parameters post AD of OFMSW when aided with conductive materials). Application of regression models in all the batch assays depicted that a lag phase of 2-4 days was observed in Modified Gompertz Model (MGM), 4-5 days in Logistic Model (LM) and a rapid hydrolysis was proven with the value of hydrolysis coefficient being between 0.003 and 0.029 from the first-order (FO) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsha Ahmed
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian, Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Shivi Tyagi
- Department of Environmental Science, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, India
| | - Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamilnadu, Neelakudi, Tiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian, Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian, Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
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13
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The Energetic Aspect of Organic Wastes Addition on Sewage Sludge Anaerobic Digestion: A Laboratory Investigation. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14196113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the possibilities to achieve energy neutrality of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the implementation of the anaerobic co-digestion strategy. However, a key factor in its successful implementation on the technical scale is the application of components with complementary composition to sewage sludge (SS). In the 7resent study, the influence of adding various co-substrates on the energy balance of anaerobic digestion was evaluated. The following organic wastes were used as additional components to SS: organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and distillery spent wash (DW) applied in two- and three-component systems. The experiments were performed in semi-flow anaerobic reactors with the volume of 40 L under mesophilic conditions (35 °C) at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 20, 18, and 16 d. The application of substrates to SS resulted in enhancements of methane yields as compared to SS mono-digestion. The statistically significant differences were observed in tertiary mixtures at both HRT of 18 and 16 d. Therein, average values were 0.20 and 0.23 m3 kg−1VSadd at HRT of 18 and 16 d, respectively. Among all co-digestion series, the most beneficial effect on energy balance was found in 20% v/v DW presence in both two- and three-component systems at HRT of 16 d.
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