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Çalışkan E, Kaplan A, Şekerci G, Çapan İ, Tekin S, Erkan S, Koran K, Sandal S, Görgülü AO. Synthesis, docking studies, in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation and DNA damage mechanism of new tyrosine-based tripeptides. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23388. [PMID: 37243846 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Peptides are one of the leading groups of compounds that have been the subject of a great deal of biological research and still continue to attract researchers' attention. In this study, a series of tripeptides based on tyrosine amino acids were synthesized by the triazine method. The cytotoxicity properties of all compounds against human cancer cell lines (MCF-7), ovarian (A2780), prostate (PC-3), and colon cancer cell lines (Caco-2) were determined by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay method, and % cell viability and logIC50 values of the compounds were calculated. Significant decreases in cell viability were observed in all cells (p < 0.05). The comet assay method was used to understand that the compounds that showed a significant decrease in cell viability had this effect through DNA damage. Most of the compounds exhibited cytotoxicity by DNA damage mechanism. Besides, their interactions between investigated molecule groups with PDB ID: 3VHE, 3C0R, 2ZCL, and 2HQ6 target proteins corresponding to cancer cell lines, respectively, were investigated by docking studies. Finally, molecules with high biological activity against biological receptors were determined by ADME analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eray Çalışkan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bingol University, Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Alpaslan Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Türkiye
| | | | - İrfan Çapan
- Department of Material and Material Processing Technologies, Technical Sciences Vocational College, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Suat Tekin
- Physiology Department, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Sultan Erkan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Kenan Koran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Türkiye
| | | | - Ahmet O Görgülü
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Wang C, Zhou J, Wang S, Liu Y, Long K, Sun T, Zhi W, Yang Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Zheng X, Zheng X, Li Y, Jia P. Guanxining injection alleviates fibrosis in heart failure mice and regulates SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116367. [PMID: 36914037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Lamiaceae, Danshen in Chinese) and Chuanxiong Rhizoma (rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Apiaceae, Chuanxiong in Chinese) both are important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for activating blood and eliminating stasis. Danshen-chuanxiong herb pair has been used for more than 600 years in China. Guanxinning injection (GXN) is a Chinese clinical prescription refined from aqueous extract of Danshen and Chuanxiong at the ratio of 1:1 (w/w). GXN has been mainly used in the clinical therapy of angina, heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease in China for almost twenty years. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the role of GXN on renal fibrosis in heart failure mice and the regulation of GXN on SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. MATARIALS AND METHODS The transverse aortic constriction model was used to mimic HF accompanied by kidney fibrosis model. GXN was administrated by tail vein injection in dose of 12.0, 6.0, 3.0 mL/kg, respectively. Telmisartan (6.1 mg/kg, gavage) was used as a positive control drug. Cardiac ultrasound indexes of ejection fraction (EF), cardiac output (CO), left ventricle volume (LV Vol), HF biomarker of pro-B type natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP), kidney function index of serum creatinine (Scr), kidney fibrosis index of collagen volume fraction (CVF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were evaluated and contrasted. Metabolomic method was employed to analyze the endogenous metabolites changes in kidneys. Besides, contents of catalase (CAT), xanthine oxidase (XOD), nitricoxidesynthase (NOS), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), the x(c)(-) cysteine/glutamate antiporter (SLC7A11) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) in kidney were quantitatively analyzed. In addition, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the chemical composition of GXN and network pharmacology was used to predict possible mechanisms and the active ingredients of GXN. RESULTS The cardiac function indexes of EF, CO and LV Vol, kidney functional indicators of Scr, the degree of kidney fibrosis indicators CVF and CTGF were all relieved to different extent for the model mice treated with GXN. 21 differential metabolites involved in redox regulation, energy metabolism, organic acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, etc were identified. Aspartic acid, homocysteine, glycine, and serine, methionine, purine, phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism were found to be the core redox metabolic pathways regulated by GXN. Furthermore, GXN were found to increase CAT content, upregulate GPX4, SLC7A11 and FTH1 expression in kidney significantly. Not only that, GXN also showed good effect in down-regulating XOD and NOS contents in kidney. Besides, 35 chemical constituents were initially identified in GXN. Active ingredients of GXN-targets-related enzymes/transporters-metabolites network was established to find out that GPX4 was a core protein for GXN and the top 10 active ingredients with the most relevant to renal protective effects of GXN were rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, senkyunolide E, protocatechualdehyde, protocatechuic acid, danshensu, L-Ile, vanillic acid, salvianolic acid A. CONCLUSION GXN could significantly maintain cardiac function and alleviate the progression of fibrosis in the kidney for HF mice, and the mechanisms of action were related to regulating redox metabolism of aspartate, glycine, serine, and cystine metabolism and SLC7A11/GPX4 axis in kidney. The cardio-renal protective effect of GXN may be attributed to multi-components like rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, senkyunolide E, protocatechualdehyde, protocatechuic acid, danshensu, L-Ile, vanillic acid, salvianolic acid A et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunliu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaihua Long
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbing Zhi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaopu Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Pu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Barchanska H, Płonka J, Nowak P, Kostina-Bednarz M. Metabolic profiles and fingerprints for the investigation of the influence of nitisinone on the metabolism of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1473. [PMID: 36702867 PMCID: PMC9879944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitisinone (2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione, NTBC) is considered a potentially effective drug for the treatment of various metabolic diseases associated with disorders of L-tyrosine metabolism however, side-effects impede its widespread use. This work aimed to broaden the knowledge of the influence of NTBC and its metabolites 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (ATFA), 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (NTFA), and cyclohexane-1,3-dione (CHD) on the catabolism of L-tyrosine and other endogenous compounds in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Based on a targeted analysis performed by LC-ESI-MS/MS, based on multiple reaction monitoring, it was found that the dissipation kinetics of the parent compound and its metabolites are compatible with a first-order reaction mechanism. Moreover, it has been proven that formed NTBC metabolites, such as CHD, cause a decrease in L-tyrosine, L-tryptophan, and L-phenylalanine concentrations by about 34%, 59% and 51%, respectively, compared to the untreated model organism. The overall changes in the metabolism of yeast exposed to NTBC or its derivatives were evaluated by non-targeted analysis via LC-ESI-MS/MS in the ion trap scanning mode. Based on principal components analysis, a statistically significant similarity between metabolic responses of yeast treated with ATFA or NTFA was observed. These findings facilitate further studies investigating the influence of NTBC on the human body and the mechanism of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Barchanska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Joanna Płonka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Paulina Nowak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marianna Kostina-Bednarz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
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