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Yao Z, Luo L, Qin Y, Cheng J, Qu C. Research on mix design and mechanical performances of MK-GGBFS based geopolymer pastes using central composite design method. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9101. [PMID: 38643269 PMCID: PMC11032377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to alleviate environmental problems and reduce CO2 emissions, geopolymers had drew attention as a kind of alkali-activated materials. Geopolymers are easier access to raw materials, green and environment friendly than traditional cement industry. Its special reaction mechanism and gel structure show excellent characteristics such as quick hardening, high strength, acid and alkali resistance. In this paper, geopolymer pastes were made with metakaolin (MK) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as precursors. The effects of liquid-solid ratio (L/S) and modulus of sodium silicate (Ms) on the performances of MK-GGBFS based geopolymer paste (MSGP) were characterized by workability, strength and microstructural tests. The regression equations were obtained by central composite design method to optimize the mix design of MSGP. The goodness of fit of all the equations were more than 98%. Based on the results of experiments, the optimum mix design was found to have L/S of 0.75 and Ms of 1.55. The workability of MSGP was significantly improved while maintaining the strength under the optimum mix design. The initial setting time of MSGP decreased by 71.8%, while both of the fluidity and 28-d compressive strength increased by 15.3%, compared with ordinary Portland cement pastes. Therefore, geopolymers are promising alternative cementitious material, which can consume a large amount of MK and GGBFS and promote green and clean production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Yao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Ling Luo
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
- Xinjiang Civil Engineering Technology Research Center, Urumqi, 830017, China.
| | - Yongjun Qin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
- Xinjiang Civil Engineering Technology Research Center, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Jiangbo Cheng
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Changwei Qu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
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Aziz A, Driouich A, Ali MB, Felaous K, Bellil A, Jindal BB. Improving the physicomechanical performance of geopolymer mortars using human hair as fibers: new horizons for sustainable applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68129-68142. [PMID: 37120501 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Blast furnace slag-based geopolymer mortars strengthened with human hair fibers were synthesized in the present study. The mixture of NaOH and Na2SiO3 was used as activating solution. Zero percent, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 1.25% hair fibers were added by weight of slag. Several analytical approaches, including compressive strength, flexural strength, P-wave velocity, bulk density, porosity, water absorption, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, were used to assess the physicomechanical and microstructural characteristics of the geopolymer mortars. Overall, the results found revealed that the incorporation of human hair fibers into the slag-based geopolymer matrix brought about a noticeable improvement in the mechanical characteristics of the geopolymer mortars. Similarly, based on FTIR analysis, the geopolymer mortar is characterized by the presence of three principal bonds, namely, the stretching of Al-O, a shift of the absorption band of the Si-O-Si (Al), and the stretching of the O-C-O. Likewise, the mineralogical analysis shows that quartz and calcite are two crystalline phases dominant in the geopolymer matrix. In addition, SEM-EDS analysis shows a dense and continuous morphology devoid of microcracks with a few pores existing on the matrix surface with perfect integration of the hair fiber in the geopolymer matrix. According to these relevant properties, the synthesized geopolymers have potential applications as a suitable substitute for many Portland cement-based materials whose manufacture is energy-consuming and polluting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Aziz
- Geo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory (GEOBIO), Scientific Institute, "Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry" Research Center (GEOPAC), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, P.B. 703, 10106, Rabat-Agdal, Morocco
| | - Anas Driouich
- Laboratory of Process Engineering and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Environmental Materials Team, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, B.P. 8007 N.U, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khadija Felaous
- Geo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory (GEOBIO), Scientific Institute, "Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry" Research Center (GEOPAC), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, P.B. 703, 10106, Rabat-Agdal, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Bellil
- Geo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory (GEOBIO), Scientific Institute, "Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry" Research Center (GEOPAC), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, P.B. 703, 10106, Rabat-Agdal, Morocco
| | - Bharat Bhushan Jindal
- School of Civil Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir, Katra, India.
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Li Q, Cui H, Li Y, Song X, Liu W, Wang Y, Hou H, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang F, Song J, Ye H, Song S, Che T, Shao S, Kong D, Liang B. Challenges and engineering application of landfill leachate concentrate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116028. [PMID: 37150383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate concentrate (LLC) is a concentrated waste stream from landfill leachate treatment systems and has been recognized as a key challenge due to its high concentration of salts, heavy metals, organic matters, etc. Improper management of LLC (e.g. reinjection) would exacerbate the performance of upstream treatment processes and pose risks to the surrounding environments near landfill sites. Addressing the challenge and recovering resources from LLC have thus been attracting considerable attention. Although many LLC treatment technologies have been developed, a comprehensive discussion about the challenges still lacks. This review critically evaluates mainstream LLC treatment technologies, namely incineration, coagulation, advanced oxidation, evaporation and solidification/stabilization. We then introduce a geopolymer-based solidification (GS) process as a promising technology owning to its simple casting process and reusable final product and summarizes engineering applications in China. Finally, we suggest investigating hybrid systems to minimize LLC production and achieve the on-site reuse of LLC. Collectively, this review provides useful information to guide the selection of LLC treatment technologies and suggests a sustainable alternative for large-scale application, while also highlighting the need of joint efforts in the industry to achieve efficient, ecofriendly and economical on-site management of landfill waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanlin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Song
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongxuan Wang
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Haimeng Hou
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - You Li
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Jun Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Hanfeng Ye
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Sirui Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Tong Che
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Deyong Kong
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China; Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China.
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Wei X, Xie F, Dong C, Wang P, Xu J, Yan F, Zhang Z. Safe disposal of hazardous waste incineration fly ash: Stabilization/solidification of heavy metals and removal of soluble salts. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116246. [PMID: 36162320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous waste incineration fly ash (HFA) is considered a hazardous waste owing to the high associated concentrations of heavy metals and soluble salts. Hence, cost effective methods are urgently needed to properly dispose HFA. In this study, geopolymers were prepared by alkali-activation technology to stabilize and solidify heavy metals in HFA. In addition, the effects of three different aluminosilicates (metakaolin, fly ash, and glass powder) on the heavy metal immobilization efficiency were investigated. Because the soluble salt content of HFA is too high for their direct placement in flexible landfill sites and water washing can lead to heavy metal leaching, water-washing experiments were conducted after alkali-activation treatment to remove soluble salts. The results suggest that the concentrations of heavy metals leached from geopolymers can satisfy the Chinese Standard limits (GB18598-2019) when the addition of aluminosilicates exceeds 20 wt%. More than 77% of Cl- and >64% of SO42- in geopolymers could be removed via water-washing treatment. The Zn leaching concentration was maintained below approximately 0.52 ppm. After alkali-activation treatment, the water-washing process could efficiently remove soluble salts while inhibiting heavy metal leaching. Sodium-aluminosilicate-hydrate (N-A-S-H) gel, a product of the geopolymerization process in this study, was demonstrated to act as a protective shell that inhibited heavy metal leaching. Hence, HFA-based geopolymers are considered suitable for disposal in flexible landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuankun Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, PR China; College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Feng Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Chunling Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Pengju Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jiyun Xu
- China Everbright Greentech LTD, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Feng Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zuotai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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Yang X, Ji Z, Wang K, Pei Y. Synergistic effect of novel Co-modified micro/nano geopolymers in a photo-PDS system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136211. [PMID: 36037946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Persulfate activation is an efficient advanced oxidation process for water treatment. However, many catalyst materials make their preparation methods and raw materials very complicated and expensive while pursuing high-efficiency catalytic effects. In this research, a novel Co-modified micro/nano geopolymer (Co-MNG) material was prepared from solid waste using a mechanochemical method. The whole preparation process of Co-MNG is simple and time-saving, and most of its raw materials are solid waste. In addition, it has few adverse effects on the environment during preparation and use and has a good effect on PDS activation. Under dark conditions, 1 mg L-1 of unloaded Co metal MNG material could degrade 20 mg L-1 Rhodamine B solution by 79% in 60 min with 15 mM PDS, but the application of visible light could not enhance its effect. However, after adding 4 wt% of different Co-containing compounds, the prepared Co-MNG materials could improve their degradation effect under the same conditions, and it is more obvious under the condition of applying visible light. Among them, MNG-Co(NO3)2 could completely degrade RhB within 40 min under the application of visible light. ESR (electron spin resonance) tests showed that the MNG-Co(NO3)2 material could generate a variety of active radicals in a photo-PDS system, such as h+, ·OH, ·O2- and SO4-. Mechanistic research experiments showed that both visible light and Co-MNG materials can activate PDS to a certain extent, but when both exist at the same time, the material could effectively couple visible light and Co activation of PDS in a photo-PDS activation system to achieve synergistic degradation of pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zehua Ji
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kemeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Bipolar membrane electrodialysis for sustainable utilization of inorganic salts from the reverse osmosis concentration of real landfill leachate. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Yu Z, Li Y, Gu R, Song J, Cheng S, Chu J. Polymeric solid wastes for efficient and stable solar desalination and the outdoor clean water production performance prediction. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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