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Dehdashti B, Miri M, Khanahmad H, Feizi A, Mohammadi F, Rouholamin S, Amin MM. In-Utero exposure to potential sources of indoor air pollution and umbilical cord blood leukocyte telomere length. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118791. [PMID: 38552826 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Indoor air pollution (IAP) has been associated with various adverse health effects. However, the evidence regarding such an association with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in cord blood samples is still scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between exposure to indicators of IAP and LTL in umbilical cord blood samples. This cross-sectional study was based on 188 mother-newborn pairs who participated in our study between 2020 and 2022 in Isfahan, Iran. Umbilical LTL was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the relationship between IAP indicators and umbilical LTL, adjusted for relevant covariates. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) of umbilical LTL was 0.92 (0.47). In fully adjusted models, frequency of using degreasing spray during pregnancy (times per month) (β = -0.047, 95% CI:0.09, -0.05, P-value = 0.02), using air freshener spray during pregnancy (β = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.5, -0.02, P-value = 0.03) and frequency of using insecticides during pregnancy (times per month) (β = -0.025, 95% CI: -0.047, -0.003, P-value = 0.02) were significantly associated with shorter umbilical LTL. There was a positive significant relationship between the frequency of using cleaning spray during pregnancy (times per month) with umbilical LTL (β = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.033, P-value = 0.01). Furthermore, the direct connection of the parking with home and the frequency of using barbecue (times per week) were marginally associated with shorter umbilical LTL. For other indicators of IAP, we did not observe any statistically significant associations. Overall, this study suggested a negative association between prenatal exposure to IAP during pregnancy and umbilical LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Dehdashti
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non- Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miri
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Safoura Rouholamin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non- Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Pili MP, Cagliero L, Panichi V, Bordoni M, Pansarasa O, Cremaschi G, Tonga EB, Cappelletti F, Provenzi L. Exposure to pollution during the first thousand days and telomere length regulation: A literature review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118323. [PMID: 38336161 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is a biomarker for cellular senescence and TL erosion is predictive of the risk for age-related diseases. Despite being genetically determined at birth, TL may be susceptible to modifications through epigenetic mechanisms. Pollutant agents are considered one of the major threats to both human and planetary health. Their ability to cross the placental barrier and induce oxidative stress in fetal cells is particularly concerning and it may be associated with early TL erosion. In consideration of the timely relevance of this topic, we conducted a literature review on the impact of prenatal exposure to pollutant agents on newborn TL. The search yielded a total of 1099 records, of which only 32 met the inclusion criteria for the review. These criteria included the participation of human subjects, a longitudinal design or collection of longitudinal data, reporting of original TL data, and a focus on exposure to pollutant agents. The majority of the studies reported a significant inverse association between prenatal exposure to pollutant agents and TL. Furthermore, the second trimester of pregnancy emerged as a special sensitive period for the occurrence of pollutant agent-driven TL modifications. Sex differences were inconsistently reported across studies. This review contributes to highlighting biochemical pathways for the threats of environmental pollution to human health. Future research is warranted to further highlight potential buffering mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Paola Pili
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Lucia Cagliero
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginia Panichi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Bordoni
- Cellular Models and Neuroepigenetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Cellular Models and Neuroepigenetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cremaschi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elgin Bilge Tonga
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Livio Provenzi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Hjazi A, Hsu CY, Al-Attar WM, Almajidi YQ, Hussien BM, Alzahrani AA, Kareem AK, Abdulhussien Alazbjee AA, Meng X. The association of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls with lipid profile and liver enzymes in umbilical cord blood samples. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141096. [PMID: 38176591 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and its effects on newborns and potential biological mechanisms is not well defined yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether PCBs are associated with lipid profile and non-invasive markers of hepatocyte injuries in samples of blood obtained from the umbilical cord. This study included 450 mothers-newborn pairs. Umbilical levels of PCBs were measured using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrophotometry (GC/MS). Lipid profile including low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), as well as liver enzymes i.e., alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), γ-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined from umbilical cord blood samples. Quantile g-computation analysis was applied to evaluate the collective influence of PCBs on both lipid profiles and liver enzymes, along with the impact of lipid profiles on liver enzymes. Exposure to the mixture of PCBs was significantly associated with increases in ALP, AST, ALT, and GGT levels in cord blood samples, with increments of 90.38 U/L (95%CI: 65.08, 115.70, p < 0.01), 11.88 U/L (95%CI: 9.03, 14.74, p < 0.01), 2.19 U/L (95%CI:1.43, 2.94, p < 0.01), and 50.67 U/L (95%CI: 36.32, 65.03, p < 0.01), respectively. Additionally, combined PCBs exposure was correlated with significant increases in umbilical TG, TC, and LDL-C levels, with values of 3.97 mg/dL (95%CI: 0.86, 7.09, p = 0.01), 6.30 mg/dL (95%CI: 2.98, 9.61, p < 0.01), and 4.63 mg/dL (95%CI: 2.04, 7.23, p < 0.01) respectively. Exposure to the mixture of lipids was linked to elevated levels of AST and GGT in umbilical cord blood samples. Furthermore, a noteworthy mediating role of TC and LDL-C was observed in the association between total PCBs exposure and umbilical cord blood liver enzyme levels. Overall our findings suggested that higher levels of umbilical cord blood PCBs and lipid profile could affect liver function in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Lecturer Dr and Dean Assistant of Baghdad College of Medical Sciences-department of Pharmacy (pharmaceutics), Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | - A K Kareem
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
| | | | - Xuan Meng
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
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Ferreira ALL, Freitas-Costa N, da Silva Rosa Freire S, Figueiredo ACC, Padilha M, Alves-Santos NH, Kac G. Association between persistent organic pollutants in human milk and the infant growth and development throughout the first year postpartum in a cohort from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:115050-115063. [PMID: 37878172 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are compounds that are recalcitrant and ubiquitous that bioaccumulate in human milk (HM) and can impact infant growth and development. We explore the association between POP concentration in HM at 2-50 days postpartum and infant growth and development trajectory throughout the first year of life. A cohort of 68 healthy adult Brazilian women and their infants were followed from 28 to 35 gestational weeks to 12 months postpartum. HM samples were collected between 2 and 50 days postpartum, and POP concentrations were analyzed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Concentrations of POPs >limit of quantification (LOQ) were defined as presence, and concentrations ≤LOQ as an absence. Growth z-scores were analyzed according to WHO growth charts and infant development scores according to Age & Stages Questionnaires at 1 (n = 66), 6 (n = 50), and 12 months (n = 45). Linear mixed effects (LME) models were used to investigate the association of POPs in HM with infant growth and development. Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) correction for multiple testing was performed to reduce the false discovery ratio. P < 0.1 was considered for models with the interaction between POPs and time/sex. After BH correction, adjusted LME models with time interaction showed (1) a positive association between the presence of β hexachlorocyclohexane and an increase in head circumference-for-age z-score (β = 0.003, P = 0.095); (2) negative associations between total POPs (β = -0.000002, P = 0.10), total organochlorine pesticides (β = -0.000002, P = 0.10), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene concentrations in HM (β = -0.000002, P = 0.10) and fine motor scores. No statistical difference between the sexes was observed. Postnatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides in HM shows a positive association with the trajectory of head circumference-for-age z-score and a negative association with the trajectories of fine motor skills scores. Future studies on POP variation in HM at different postpartum times and their effect on infant growth and development should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lorena Lima Ferreira
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373/CCS, Bloco J, 2o Andar, Sala 29, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Freitas-Costa
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373/CCS, Bloco J, 2o Andar, Sala 29, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Samary da Silva Rosa Freire
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373/CCS, Bloco J, 2o Andar, Sala 29, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Amanda Caroline Cunha Figueiredo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373/CCS, Bloco J, 2o Andar, Sala 29, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Health Science Center, Serra dos Órgãos University Center, Avenida Alberto Tôrres, 111 - Alto, Rio de Janeiro, 25964-004, Teresópilis, Brazil
| | - Marina Padilha
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373/CCS, Bloco J, 2o Andar, Sala 29, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Nadya Helena Alves-Santos
- Faculty of Collective Health, Institute for Health and Biological Studies, Federal University of South and Southeast of Pará, Rodovia BR-230 (Transamazônica), Loteamento Cidade Jardim, Avenida dos Ipês, s/n.o - Cidade Jardim, Maraba, PA, 68500-000, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Kac
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373/CCS, Bloco J, 2o Andar, Sala 29, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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