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Thakar SP, Dabhi RC, Rathod SL, Patel UP, Rana A, Shrivastav PS, George LB, Highland H. In situ chlorpyrifos (CPF) degradation by Acrobeloides maximus: Insights from chromatographic analysis. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464555. [PMID: 38091714 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of nematodes in zooremediation of chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate pesticide. The nematode population Acrobeloides maximus (A. maximus) was employed for bioremediation, converting CPF into non-toxic residues. Optimal growth conditions for mass production of A. maximus were achieved by maintaining a temperature of 25 °C, pH 8, and supplementing the culture medium with plant nutrients. The nematodes were then immobilized within sodium alginate beads. The efficacy of the degradation process was assessed using various analytical techniques, including UV-Visible spectroscopy, HPTLC, FTIR, and LC-MS, confirming the successful breakdown of CPF. The bioreactor demonstrated a complete degradation efficiency of CPF exceeding 99%. Additionally, LC-MS analysis was conducted to elucidate the degradation pathway based on the formation of intermediates. These results underscore the potential of A. maximus as a sustainable organism for addressing environmental contamination arising from CPF pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta P Thakar
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics and Wildlife Conservation and Biology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India.
| | - Ranjitsinh C Dabhi
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Suryajit L Rathod
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Unnati P Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Aasha Rana
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Pindwara, Sirohi, Rajasthan 307026, India
| | - Pranav S Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Linz-Buoy George
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics and Wildlife Conservation and Biology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Hyacinth Highland
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics and Wildlife Conservation and Biology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
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Elangovan B, Detchanamurthy S, Senthil Kumar P, Rajarathinam R, Deepa VS. Biotreatment of Industrial Wastewater using Microalgae: A Tool for a Sustainable Bioeconomy. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00971-0. [PMID: 37999921 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Fresh water is one of the essential sources of life, and its requirement has increased in the past years due to population growth and industrialization. Industries use huge quantities of fresh water for their processes, and generate high quantities of wastewater rich in organic matter, nitrates, and phosphates. These effluents have contaminated the freshwater sources and there is a need to recycle this wastewater in an ecologically harmless manner. Microalgae use the nutrients in the wastewater as a medium for growth and the biomass produced are rich in nutrition that can cater growing food and energy needs. The primary and secondary metabolites of microalgae are utilized as biofuel and as active ingredients in cosmetics, animal feed, therapeutics, and pharmaceutical products. In this review, we explore food processing industries like dairy, meat, aquaculture, breweries, and their wastewater for the microalgal growth. Current treatment methods are expensive and energy demanding, which indirectly leads to higher greenhouse gas emissions. Microalgae acts as a potential biotreatment tool and mitigates carbon dioxide due to their high photosynthetic efficiency. This review aims to address the need to recycle wastewater generated from such industries and potentiality to use microalgae for biotreatment. This will help to build a circular bioeconomy by using wastewater as a valuable resource to produce valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Elangovan
- R&D, Seagrass Tech Pvt. Ltd, Karaikal, 609604, Puducherry, India
| | | | - P Senthil Kumar
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, 605014, Puducherry, India.
| | - Ravikumar Rajarathinam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600062, India
| | - Vijaykumar Sudarshana Deepa
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Tadepalligudem, 534101, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Sun X, Anoopkumar AN, Aneesh EM, Madhavan A, Binod P, Kuddus M, Pandey A, Sindhu R, Awasthi MK. Hormesis-tempting stressors driven by evolutionary factors for mitigating negative impacts instigated over extended exposure to chemical elements. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121246. [PMID: 36764380 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive responses to moderate environmental challenges by the biological systems have usually been credited to hormesis. Since the hormetic biphasic dose-response illustrates a prominent pattern towards biological responsiveness, the studies concerning such aspects will get much more significance in risk assessment practices and toxicological evaluation research. From this point of view, the past few epochs have witnessed the extending recognition of the notion concerning hormesis. The extraction of its basic foundations of evolutionary perspectives-along with the probable underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms followed by the practical implications to enhance the quality of life. To get better and more effective output in this regard, the present article has evaluated the various observations of previous investigations. The intent of integrating the novel inferences concerning the hormesis-tempting stressors driven by predominant evolutionary factors for mitigating the adverse impacts that were prompted over frequent and continuous exposure to the various chemical elements. Such inferences can offer extensive insight into the implications concerning the risk assessment of hormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, China
| | - A N Anoopkumar
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Embalil Mathachan Aneesh
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, 690525, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Mohammed Kuddus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR- Indian Institute for Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31 MG Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, 691 505, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, China.
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