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Reflectance Spectroscopy of Ammonium Salts: Implications for Planetary Surface Composition. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10100902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent discoveries have demonstrated that the surfaces of Mars, Ceres and other celestial bodies, as well as asteroids and comets, are characterized by the presence of ammonium-bearing minerals. A careful study of remote data compared with the analyses of more accurate laboratory data might allow a better remote characterization of planetary bodies. In this paper, the reflectance spectra of some ammoniated hydrous and anhydrous salts, namely sal-ammoniac NH4Cl, larderellite (NH4)B5O7(OH)2·H2O, mascagnite (NH4)SO4, struvite (NH4)MgPO4·6H2O and tschermigite (NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O, were collected at 293 and at 193 K. The aim is to detect how the NH4 vibrational features are affected by the chemical and structural environment. All samples were recovered after cooling cycles and were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Reflectance spectra of the studied minerals show absorption features around 1.3, 1.6, 2.06, 2.14, 3.23, 5.8 and 7.27 μm, related to the ammonium group. Between them, the 2ν3 at ~1.56 μm and the ν3 + ν4 at ~2.13 μm are the most affected modes by crystal structure type, with their position being strictly related to both anionic group and the strength of the hydrogen bonds. The reflectance spectra of water-rich samples [struvite (NH4)MgPO4·6(H2O) and tschermigite (NH4)Al(SO4)2·12(H2O)] show only H2O fundamental absorption features in the area from 2 to 2.8 μm and a band from hygroscopic water at 3 μm. Thermal analyses (TA), thermal gravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) allowed to evaluate the dehydration temperatures and the occurring phase transitions and decompositions in the analyzed samples. In almost all samples, endothermic peaks at distinct temperatures were registered associated to loss of water molecules, differently linked to the structures. Moreover, an endothermic peak at 465 K in sal-ammoniac was associated to the phase transition from CsCl to NaCl structure type.
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Li J, Liu M, Guo X, Dai C, Xu S, Wei Y, Liu Z, Song C. In Situ Aluminum Migration into Zeolite Framework during Methanol-To-Propylene Reaction: An Innovation To Design Superior Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shutao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingxu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, EMS Energy Institute, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Lim AR. Behavior of H 2O surrounding NH 4+ and Al 3+ in NH 4Al(SO 4) 2·12H 2O by 1H MAS NMR, 14N NMR, and 27Al NMR. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the thermodynamic properties and structural geometry of NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O, we studied the magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) and static NMR as a function of temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Ran Lim
- Analytical Laboratory of Advanced Ferroelectric Crystals
- Jeonju University
- Jeonju 55069
- Korea
- Department of Science Education
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Gu H, Hao X. Electrolytic coloration below 0°C and spectral properties of ammonium alum crystals using a pointed anode. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 146:273-276. [PMID: 25819315 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium alum crystals are colored electrolytically below 0°C and under various voltages using a pointed anode and a flat cathode. SO2(-), O3(-), O2(-), O(-) hole-trapped centers and O(0), O(2-), H(+) radicals are produced in colored ammonium alum crystals. The absorption bands of the SO2(-) and O3(-) hole-trapped centers are observed in the absorption spectra of the colored ammonium alum crystals. The hole-trapped centers and radicals come mainly from the electric-field-induced decomposition of the SO4(2-) radicals and crystalline water molecules. Current is measured during electrolytic coloration. Electron exchanges from electrons and small charged radicals to electrodes induce complete current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongen Gu
- Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqing Hao
- Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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