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Rahman MZ, Maity P, Mohammed OF, Gascon J. Insight into the role of reduced graphene oxide for enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in disordered carbon nitride. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11213-11221. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00200k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compared to crystalline carbon nitride, the performance of disordered carbon nitride (d-CN) as a hydrogen production photocatalyst is extremely poor. Owing to disordered atomic orientation, it is prone to numerous...
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Bertram SN, Spokoyny B, Franke D, Caram JR, Yoo JJ, Murphy RP, Grein ME, Bawendi MG. Single Nanocrystal Spectroscopy of Shortwave Infrared Emitters. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1042-1049. [PMID: 30500155 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Short-wave infrared (SWIR) emitters are at the center of ground-breaking applications in biomedical imaging, next-generation optoelectronic devices, and optical communications. Colloidal nanocrystals based on indium arsenide are some of the most promising SWIR emitters to date. However, the lack of single-particle spectroscopic methods accessible in the SWIR has prevented advances in both nanocrystal synthesis and fundamental characterization of emitters. Here, we demonstrate an implementation of a solution photon correlation Fourier spectroscopy (s-PCFS) experiment utilizing the SWIR sensitivity and time resolution of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors to extract single-particle emission linewidths from colloidal indium arsenide/cadmium selenide (InAs/CdSe) core/shell nanocrystals emissive from 1.2 to 1.6 μm. We show that the average single InAs/CdSe nanocrystal fluorescence linewidth is, remarkably, as narrow as 52 meV, similar to what has been observed in some of the most narrowband nanostructured emitters in the visible region. Additionally, the single nanocrystal fluorescence linewidth increases with increasing shell thickness, suggesting exciton-phonon coupling as the dominant emission line-broadening mechanism in this system. The development of the SWIR s-PCFS technique has enabled measurements of spectral linewidths of colloidal SWIR-emissive NCs in solution and provides a platform to study the single NC spectral characteristics of SWIR emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie N Bertram
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Boris Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Daniel Franke
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Justin R Caram
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E Young Drive E , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Jason J Yoo
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Ryan P Murphy
- MIT Lincoln Laboratory , 244 Wood Street , Lexington , Massachusetts 02421 , United States
| | - Matthew E Grein
- MIT Lincoln Laboratory , 244 Wood Street , Lexington , Massachusetts 02421 , United States
| | - Moungi G Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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Li W, Long R, Hou Z, Tang J, Prezhdo OV. Influence of Encapsulated Water on Luminescence Energy, Line Width, and Lifetime of Carbon Nanotubes: Time Domain Ab Initio Analysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:4006-4013. [PMID: 29969269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In a broad range of applications, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are in direct contact with a condensed-phase environment that perturbs CNT properties. Experiments show that water molecules encapsulated inside of semiconducting CNTs reduce the electronic energy gap, enhance elastic and inelastic electron-phonon scattering, and shorten the excited-state lifetime. We rationalize the observed effects at the atomistic level using real-time time-dependent density functional theory combined with nonadiabatic molecular dynamics. Encapsulated water makes the nanotube more rigid, suppressing radial breathing modes while enhancing and slightly shifting the optical G-mode. Water screens Coulomb interactions and shifts charge carrier energies and wave functions. The screening, together with distortion of the CNT geometry and lifting of orbital degeneracy, produces a luminescence red shift. Enhanced elastic and inelastic electron-phonon scattering explains line width broadening and shortening of the excited-state lifetime. The influence of water on the CNT properties is similar to that of defects; however, in contrast to defects, water creates no new phonon modes or electronic states in the CNTs. The atomistic understanding of the influence of the condensed-phase environment on CNT optical, electronic, and vibrational properties, and electron-vibrational dynamics guides design of novel CNT-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhufeng Hou
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- College of Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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Suzuki T, Singh R, Bayer M, Ludwig A, Wieck AD, Cundiff ST. Coherent Control of the Exciton-Biexciton System in an InAs Self-Assembled Quantum Dot Ensemble. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:157402. [PMID: 27768374 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.157402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Coherent control of a strongly inhomogeneously broadened system, namely, InAs self-assembled quantum dots, is demonstrated. To circumvent the deleterious effects of the inhomogeneous broadening, which usually masks the results of coherent manipulation, we use prepulse two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy to provide a size-selective readout of the ground, exciton, and biexciton states. The dependence on the timing of the prepulse is due to the dynamics of the coherently generated populations. To further validate the results, we performed prepulse polarization dependent measurements and confirmed the behavior expected from selection rules. All measured spectra can be excellently reproduced by solving the optical Bloch equations for a 4-level system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Suzuki
- JILA, University of Colorado & National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Rohan Singh
- JILA, University of Colorado & National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universtät Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Arne Ludwig
- Lehrstuhl fuer Angewandte Festkoerperphysik, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas D Wieck
- Lehrstuhl fuer Angewandte Festkoerperphysik, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Steven T Cundiff
- JILA, University of Colorado & National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Cui J, Beyler AP, Coropceanu I, Cleary L, Avila TR, Chen Y, Cordero JM, Heathcote SL, Harris DK, Chen O, Cao J, Bawendi MG. Evolution of the Single-Nanocrystal Photoluminescence Linewidth with Size and Shell: Implications for Exciton–Phonon Coupling and the Optimization of Spectral Linewidths. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:289-96. [PMID: 26636347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrew P. Beyler
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Igor Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Liam Cleary
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas R. Avila
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - José M. Cordero
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - S. Leigh Heathcote
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel K. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jianshu Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Moungi G. Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Room-temperature exciton coherence and dephasing in two-dimensional nanostructures. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6086. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Ma X, Roslyak O, Wang F, Duque JG, Piryatinski A, Doorn SK, Htoon H. Influence of exciton dimensionality on spectral diffusion of single-walled carbon nanotubes. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10613-20. [PMID: 25251324 DOI: 10.1021/nn504138m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We study temporal evolution of photoluminescence (PL) spectra from individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) at cryogenic and room temperatures. Sublinear and superlinear correlations between fluctuating PL spectral positions and line widths are observed at cryogenic and room temperatures, respectively. We develop a simple model to explain these two different spectral diffusion behaviors in the framework of quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) caused by surface charges trapped in the vicinity of SWCNTs. We show that the wave function properties of excitons, namely, localization at cryogenic temperature and delocalization at room temperature, play a critical role in defining sub- and superlinear correlations. Room temperature PL spectral positions and line widths of SWCNTs coupled to gold dimer nanoantennas on the other hand exhibit sublinear correlations, indicating that excitonic emission mainly originates from nanometer range regions and excitons appear to be localized. Our numerical simulations show that such apparent localization of excitons results from plasmonic confinement of excitation and an enhancement of decay rates in the gap of the dimer nanoantennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Ma
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, ‡Theoretical Division, and §Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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Cui J, Beyler AP, Bischof TS, Wilson MWB, Bawendi MG. Deconstructing the photon stream from single nanocrystals: from binning to correlation. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:1287-310. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60330j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Cui J, Beyler AP, Marshall LF, Chen O, Harris DK, Wanger DD, Brokmann X, Bawendi MG. Direct probe of spectral inhomogeneity reveals synthetic tunability of single-nanocrystal spectral linewidths. Nat Chem 2013; 5:602-6. [PMID: 23787751 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The spectral linewidth of an ensemble of fluorescent emitters is dictated by the combination of single-emitter linewidths and sample inhomogeneity. For semiconductor nanocrystals, efforts to tune ensemble linewidths for optical applications have focused primarily on eliminating sample inhomogeneities, because conventional single-molecule methods cannot reliably build accurate ensemble-level statistics for single-particle linewidths. Photon-correlation Fourier spectroscopy in solution (S-PCFS) offers a unique approach to investigating single-nanocrystal spectra with large sample statistics and high signal-to-noise ratios, without user selection bias and at fast timescales. With S-PCFS, we directly and quantitatively deconstruct the ensemble linewidth into contributions from the average single-particle linewidth and from sample inhomogeneity. We demonstrate that single-particle linewidths vary significantly from batch to batch and can be synthetically controlled. These findings delineate the synthetic challenges facing underdeveloped nanomaterials such as InP and InAs core-shell particles and introduce new avenues for the synthetic optimization of fluorescent nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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