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Wang L, Zhang Y, Shang C, Sun C. Effect of different substituent on the ESIPT process and fluorescence features of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole derivatives: A DFT/TD-DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124714. [PMID: 38941752 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
In this contribution, four derivatives of 5'-(para-R-Phenylene) vinyl-2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole (PVHBO) were ingeniously designed by introducing two electron-withdrawing substituents and two electron-donating substituents, aiming to investigate the influence of different substituents on the photophysical properties of PVHBO and the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process via the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. By utilizing the geometric parameters and the simulated infrared (IR) spectra, we compared the intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs) strengths in the S0 and S1 states of the molecules. Via conducting the hole-electron analysis, the reduction in fluorescence intensity for the enol and keto forms of PVHBO, PVHBO-MeO, and PVHBO-NH2 were also well explicated. Besides, the potential energy curves (PECs) and corresponding transition state (TS) structures for both S0 and S1 states were also constructed to accurately obtain energy barriers of forward and reversed proton transfer processes. The calculated absorption and fluorescence spectra also show that PVHBO-NH2 has the largest Stokes shifts of 158 nm and 219 nm in both the enol and keto states, with a significant increase in fluorescence intensity observed upon the induction of electron-withdrawing groups. Through this work, it can provide the theoretical basis for the design of novel luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Changjiao Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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2
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Jain A, De S, Haloi P, Barman P. The solvent-regulated excited state reaction mechanism of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole aggregates. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:65-78. [PMID: 38006523 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The excited state relaxation dynamics of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT) in the gas phase and the solvents have been explored experimentally and theoretically. However, the fundamental mechanism of its emission in aggregates is still unexplored. In this article, we have presented a detail investigation of solvent-regulated excited state (ES) reactions for HBT aggregates with the aid of several experimental and theoretical research. The careful investigation of solvatochromic and electrochemical behavior elucidates that the emission around 460 nm of HBT in DMSO and DMSO-water fraction correspond to the excited state internal charge transfer (ESICT). The quantum chemical analysis further supports this observation. The concentration-dependent 1H NMR and emission studies of HBT in DMSO revealed the formation of aggregates at higher concentrations that facilitate the charge transfer. The emission pattern of HBT in the AcN-water fraction demonstrates that the sequential internal charge transfer-proton transfer (ESICT-ESIPT) occurs in HBT aggregates. The pH studies show that HBT aggregates are potential ratiometric sensors for near-physiological pH ranges. Moreover, a ground-state zwitterionic conformation of HBT is observed in the basic medium formed by ground-state internal proton transfer (GSIPT). Overall, this study provides a better understanding of solvent-regulated ES reaction mechanism in the case of HBT aggregates and other substituted HBT compound aggregates published previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Jain
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Soumik De
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Pankaj Haloi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Pranjit Barman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India.
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3
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Naka K, Sato H, Higashi M. Theoretical study of the mechanism of the solvent dependency of ESIPT in HBT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20080-20085. [PMID: 34338683 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06604d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (HBT) has been widely studied for use as a system for excited-state intramolecular proton transfer. However, the mechanism underlying the solvent dependency of HBT fluorescence spectra remains unclear. In this study, the HBT photochemical process in the S1 state was analysed using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in the enol form of HBT was found to depend on the hydrogen-bond acceptability of the solvent. The twisting of the keto form of HBT is determined by whether HBT acts as a hydrogen-bond acceptor or donor. A specific stacking structure of the enol form of HBT was found to decrease the S1 → S0 transition energy, which corresponds to the experimental fluorescence spectra in a DMSO/H2O solution mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Naka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. .,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan.,Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Masahiro Higashi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. .,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
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4
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Roohi H, Rostami T. Mechanism of the photo triggered ring-opening reaction of spiropyran derivatives (SP-X1-7; X1-7 = H, NO2, CF3, CN, OH, OMe and NMe2) in the gas phase and various solvent media: A GD3-TD-DFT approach. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Evidence for stepwise excited state double proton transfer process in quinolone–pyrazole triggered by methanol solvent. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Wiethaus G, Toldo JM, da Silveira Santos F, da Costa Duarte R, Gonçalves PFB, Rodembusch FS. Experimental and theoretical investigation of long-wavelength fluorescence emission in push–pull benzazoles: intramolecular proton transfer or charge transfer in the excited state? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4408-4420. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05186k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ESIPT is disfavoured and charge-transfer emission, prior to ESIPT, seems to be responsible for long-emission wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Wiethaus
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | - Josene Maria Toldo
- Grupo de Química Teórica e Computacional
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | - Fabiano da Silveira Santos
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Costa Duarte
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | - Paulo Fernando Bruno Gonçalves
- Grupo de Química Teórica e Computacional
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | - Fabiano Severo Rodembusch
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
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7
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Kroetz T, dos Santos MC, Beal R, Zanotto GM, Santos FS, Giacomelli FC, Gonçalves PFB, de Lima VR, Dal-Bó AG, Rodembusch FS. Proton transfer in fluorescent secondary amines: synthesis, photophysics, theoretical calculation and preparation of photoactive phosphatidylcholine-based liposomes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1171-1184. [DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00017h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New proton-transfer lipophilic based benzazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Kroetz
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | | | - Roiney Beal
- Grupo de Química Teórica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | - Gabriel Modernell Zanotto
- Grupo de Química Teórica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo F. B. Gonçalves
- Grupo de Química Teórica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano S. Rodembusch
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Instituto de Química
- CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS
- Brazil
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8
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Xu L, Xu Y, Cheung NH, Wong KY. Practical approach for beryllium atomic clusters: TD-DFT potential energy surfaces from equilibrium to dissociation for excited states of 2s → 2p. Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Density Functional Theory Applied to Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer in Imidazole-, Oxazole-, and Thiazole-Based Systems. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051231. [PMID: 29883373 PMCID: PMC6100175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is a photoinduced process strongly associated to hydrogen bonding within a molecular framework. In this manuscript, we computed potential energy data using Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) for triphenyl-substituted heterocycles, which evidenced an energetically favorable proton transfer on the excited state (i.e., ESIPT) but not on the ground state. Moreover, we describe how changes on heterocyclic functionalities, based on imidazole, oxazole, and thiazole systems, affect the ESIPT process that converts an enolic species to a ketonic one through photon-induced proton transfer. Structural and photophysical data were obtained theoretically by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and contrasted for the three heterocyclics. Different functionals were used, but B3LYP was the one that adequately predicted absorption data. It was observed that the intramolecular hydrogen bond is strengthened in the excited state, supporting the occurrence of ESIPT. Finally, it was observed that, with the formation of the excited state, there is a decrease in electronic density at the oxygen atom that acts as proton donor, while there is a substantial increase in the corresponding density at the nitrogen atom that serves as proton acceptor, thus, indicating that proton transfer is indeed favored after photon absorption.
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10
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Roohi H, Alizadeh P. Fine tuning the emission wavelengths of the 7-hydroxy-1-indanone based nano-structure dyes: Near-infrared (NIR) dual emission generation with large stokes shifts. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 196:83-102. [PMID: 29444499 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes have recently gained special attention due to their applications to use as molecular probes for imaging of biological targets and sensitive determination. In this study, photophysical properties of the 7-hydroxy-1-indanone based fluorophors A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and 3R-B2 (R=CF3, NH2, NO2 and OMe) in the gas and three solution phases were probed using TD-DFT method at PBE0/6-311++G(d,p) and M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) levels of theory. In addition to structural and photophysical properties as well as ESIPT mechanism of all mentioned molecules, the FC and relaxed potential energy surfaces of B2 and 3R-B2 (R=CF3 and NH2) molecules were explored in gas phase and acetonitrile, cyclohexane and water solvents. It is predicted that the A1, A3 and 3R-B2 chromophores afford normal (615-670nm) and NIR fluorescence emissions (770-940nm; biological window) with the large Stokes shifts of >160 and >300nm, respectively. A good aggrement was found between theoretical and experimental results. In sum, these new types of dyes may render the new approaches for the development of the most efficient NIR fluorescent probes for enhanced image contrast and optimal apparent brightness in biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Roohi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Parvaneh Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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11
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Prommin C, Kanlayakan N, Chansen W, Salaeh R, Kerdpol K, Daengngern R, Kungwan N. Theoretical Insights on Solvent Control of Intramolecular and Intermolecular Proton Transfer of 2-(2′-Hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:5773-5784. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b03454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanatkran Prommin
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- The
Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Narissa Kanlayakan
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Warinthon Chansen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rusrina Salaeh
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Khanittha Kerdpol
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rathawat Daengngern
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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12
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Zhou X, Jiang Y, Zhao X, Guo D. ESIPT-Based Photoactivatable Fluorescent Probe for Ratiometric Spatiotemporal Bioimaging. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16101684. [PMID: 27754338 PMCID: PMC5087472 DOI: 10.3390/s16101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photoactivatable fluorophores have become an important technique for the high spatiotemporal resolution of biological imaging. Here, we developed a novel photoactivatable probe (PHBT), which is based on 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT), a small organic fluorophore known for its classic luminescence mechanism through excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) with the keto form and the enol form. After photocleavage, PHBT released a ratiometric fluorophore HBT, which showed dual emission bands with more than 73-fold fluorescence enhancement at 512 nm in buffer and more than 69-fold enhancement at 452 nm in bovine serum. The probe displayed a high ratiometric imaging resolution and is believed to have a wide application in biological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
- Environment Monitoring Department, Changsha Environmental Protection College, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Yuren Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Xiongjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Dong Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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13
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Santos FS, Ramasamy E, Ramamurthy V, Rodembusch FS. Excited state behavior of benzoxazole derivatives in a confined environment afforded by a water soluble octaacid capsule. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Dutta B, De R, Chowdhury J. Prototropic tautomerism of 4-Methyl 1,2,4-Triazole-3-Thione molecule in solvent water medium: DFT and Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics study. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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