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Wang T, Lv M, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Cai Z, Zhang Y, Song J, Liu J, Yin H, Shang F. TDDFT Study on the ESIPT Properties of 2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)-Benzothiazole and Sensing Mechanism of a Derived Fluorescent Probe for Fluoride Ion. Molecules 2024; 29:1541. [PMID: 38611820 PMCID: PMC11013366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The level of fluoride ions (F-) in the human body is closely related to various pathological and physiological states, and the rapid detection of F- is important for studying physiological processes and the early diagnosis of diseases. In this study, the detailed sensing mechanism of a novel high-efficiency probe (PBT) based on 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole derivatives towards F- has been fully investigated based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods. F- attacks the O-P bond of PBT to cleavage the dimethylphosphinothionyl group, and the potential products were evaluated by Gibbs free energy and spectroscopic analyses, which ultimately identified the product as HBT-Enol1 with an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Bond parameters, infrared vibrational spectroscopy and charge analysis indicate that the hydrogen bond is enhanced at the excited state (S1), favoring excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). The mild energy barrier further evidences the occurrence of ESIPT. Combined with frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, the fluorescence quenching of PBT was attributed to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism and the fluorescence turn-on mechanism of the product was attributed to the ESIPT process of HBT-Enol1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Meiheng Lv
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Zexu Cai
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiaqi Song
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Hang Yin
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Fangjian Shang
- College of Aeronautical Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China;
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Luminescent Zn Halide Complexes with 2-(2-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole Derivatives. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10090138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a comparative study of coordination behaviour of 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzothiazole (NH2-pbt) and its phosphorus-containing derivative, α-aminophosphine oxide (PCNH-pbt), towards zinc halides. The corresponding coordination compounds [Zn(L)2Hal2] (L = PCNH-pbt, Hal = Cl, 1 and Hal = Br, 2) and [Zn(L’)Hal2] (L’ = NH2-pbt, Hal = Cl, 3 and Hal = Br, 4) were obtained as single phases. As evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, L’ ligand coordinates to Zn in a chelate manner via two N atoms. Despite a similar coordination mode in complexes 3 and 4, the spatial geometry of the ligand differs notably, which implies a relatively high flexibility of NH2-pbt. The L ligand exhibits another coordination mode, binding with Zn only via the oxygen of the P=O group. The differences in the structures of NH2-pbt, 3 and 4, and their counterparts, PCNH-pbt, 1 and 2, induce differences in their solid-state photoluminescence properties. The former group of the compounds exhibits conventional single-band emission, while the latter group reveals two bands. The minor band at 450 nm is ascribed to a radiative transition for the regular amine species, while the major band at 520–550 nm can be associated either with the proton-transferred imine species (ESIPT mechanism) or with a charge transfer state (TICT) with a different geometry.
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