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Non-bilayer structures in mitochondrial membranes regulate ATP synthase activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1860:586-599. [PMID: 29179995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is an anionic phospholipid at the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) that facilitates the formation of transient non-bilayer (non-lamellar) structures to maintain mitochondrial integrity. CL modulates mitochondrial functions including ATP synthesis. However, the biophysical mechanisms by which CL generates non-lamellar structures and the extent to which these structures contribute to ATP synthesis remain unknown. We hypothesized that CL and ATP synthase facilitate the formation of non-bilayer structures at the IMM to stimulate ATP synthesis. By using 1H NMR and 31P NMR techniques, we observed that increasing the temperature (8°C to 37°C), lowering the pH (3.0), or incubating intact mitochondria with CTII - an IMM-targeted toxin that increases the formation of immobilized non-bilayer structures - elevated the formation of non-bilayer structures to stimulate ATP synthesis. The F0 sector of the ATP synthase complex can facilitate the formation of non-bilayer structures as incubating model membranes enriched with IMM-specific phospholipids with exogenous DCCD-binding protein of the F0 sector (DCCD-BPF) elevated the formation of immobilized non-bilayer structures to a similar manner as CTII. Native PAGE assays revealed that CL, but not other anionic phospholipids, specifically binds to DCCD-BPF to promote the formation of stable lipid-protein complexes. Mechanistically, molecular docking studies identified two lipid binding sites for CL in DCCD-BPF. We propose a new model of ATP synthase regulation in which CL mediates the formation of non-bilayer structures that serve to cluster protons and ATP synthase complexes as a mechanism to enhance proton translocation to the F0 sector, and thereby increase ATP synthesis.
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Alessandrini A, Muscatello U. AFM and FTIR Spectroscopy Investigation of the Inverted Hexagonal Phase of Cardiolipin. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:3437-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jp809705d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Alessandrini
- Department of Physics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, I-41100, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, I-41100, Modena, Italy; and CNR-INFM-S3 National Center on Nanostructure and BioSystems at Surfaces, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Umberto Muscatello
- Department of Physics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, I-41100, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, I-41100, Modena, Italy; and CNR-INFM-S3 National Center on Nanostructure and BioSystems at Surfaces, 41100 Modena, Italy
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Róg T, Martinez-Seara H, Munck N, Orešič M, Karttunen M, Vattulainen I. Role of Cardiolipins in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane: Insight Gained through Atom-Scale Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:3413-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8077369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 527, FI-33101 Temrpere, Finland, Department of Physical Chemistry, Barcelona University, Spain, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FI-02044 VVT, Finland, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada N6A 3K7, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, and Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 527, FI-33101 Temrpere, Finland, Department of Physical Chemistry, Barcelona University, Spain, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FI-02044 VVT, Finland, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada N6A 3K7, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, and Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box
| | - Nana Munck
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 527, FI-33101 Temrpere, Finland, Department of Physical Chemistry, Barcelona University, Spain, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FI-02044 VVT, Finland, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada N6A 3K7, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, and Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box
| | - Matej Orešič
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 527, FI-33101 Temrpere, Finland, Department of Physical Chemistry, Barcelona University, Spain, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FI-02044 VVT, Finland, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada N6A 3K7, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, and Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box
| | - Mikko Karttunen
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 527, FI-33101 Temrpere, Finland, Department of Physical Chemistry, Barcelona University, Spain, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FI-02044 VVT, Finland, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada N6A 3K7, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, and Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 527, FI-33101 Temrpere, Finland, Department of Physical Chemistry, Barcelona University, Spain, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FI-02044 VVT, Finland, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada N6A 3K7, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark, and Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box
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Kocherginsky N. Acidic lipids, H(+)-ATPases, and mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation. Physico-chemical ideas 30 years after P. Mitchell's Nobel Prize award. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 99:20-41. [PMID: 19049812 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peter D. Mitchell, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 30 years ago, in 1978, formulated the chemiosmotic theory of oxidative phosphorylation. This review initially analyzes the major aspects of this theory, its unresolved problems, and its modifications. A new physico-chemical mechanism of energy transformation and coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation is then suggested based on recent concepts regarding proteins, including ATPases that work as molecular motors, and acidic lipids that act as hydrogen ion (H(+)) carriers. According to this proposed mechanism, the chemical energy of a redox substrate is transformed into nonequilibrium states of electron-transporting chain (ETC) coupling proteins. This leads to nonequilibrium pumping of H(+) into the membrane. An acidic lipid, cardiolipin, binds with this H(+) and carries it to the ATP-synthase along the membrane surface. This transport generates gradients of surface tension or electric field along the membrane surface. Hydrodynamic effects on a nanolevel lead to rotation of ATP-synthase and finally to the release of ATP into aqueous solution. This model also explains the generation of a transmembrane protonmotive force that is used for regulation of transmembrane transport, but is not necessary for the coupling of electron transport and ATP synthesis.
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