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Mao J, Gao Y, Meng Z. Crystallization and phase behavior in mixture systems of anhydrous milk fat, palm stearin, and palm oil: Formation of eutectic crystals. Food Chem 2023; 399:133877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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2
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Seilert J, Rudolph‐Flöter S, Flöter E. On the Relation of Entropy and Enthalpy of Fusion in Triglycerides. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seilert
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 Berlin 13353 Germany
| | - Susanne Rudolph‐Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 Berlin 13353 Germany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 Berlin 13353 Germany
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3
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Seilert J, Flöter E. A Configurational Approach to Model Triglyceride Pure Component Properties. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seilert
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Seestr. 13 13353 Berlin Germany
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Seilert J, Moorthy AS, Kearsley AJ, Flöter E. Revisiting a model to predict pure triglyceride thermodynamic properties: parameter optimization and performance. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seilert
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Arun S. Moorthy
- Mass Spectrometry Data Center National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Anthony J. Kearsley
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
| | - Eckhard Flöter
- Department of Food Process Engineering Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany
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Macridachis-González J, Bayés-García L, Calvet T. An Insight into the Solid-State Miscibility of Triacylglycerol Crystals. Molecules 2020; 25:E4562. [PMID: 33036267 PMCID: PMC7583920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystallization properties of triacylglycerols (TAGs) strongly determine the functional properties of natural lipids. The polymorphic and mixing phase behavior of TAG molecules have long been, and still are, a hot topic of research with special relevance for the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industry. To avoid the difficulties arising from the study of whole real fats, studies at the molecular level on mixtures of a limited number of TAGs has become an indispensable tool to identify the underlying causes of the physical properties in lipid systems. In particular, phase diagrams of binary mixtures of TAGs exhibiting a different degree of heterogeneity (monoacid or mixed fatty acids; molecular symmetry; the presence of cis or trans double bonds) have resulted in a significant breakthrough in our knowledge about structure-interaction-function relationships. The present work aims to provide an overview of the main reports regarding binary and ternary TAG systems, from the early studies to the most recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Macridachis-González
- Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geología Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.-G.); (T.C.)
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Liu C, Meng Z, Cao P, Jiang J, Liang X, Piatko M, Campbell S, Lo SK, Liu Y. Visualized phase behavior of binary blends of coconut oil and palm stearin. Food Chem 2018; 266:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Bhaggan K, Smith KW, Blecker C, Danthine S. Polymorphism and Kinetic Behavior of Binary Mixtures of Trisaturated Triacylglycerols Containing Palmitic and Stearic Acid Under Non‐Isothermal Conditions. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnadath Bhaggan
- Bunge Loders Croklaan1521 AZWormerveerThe Netherlands
- ULgGxABTAvenue de la Faculté d′agronomie 2B5030GemblouxBelgium
| | - Kevin W. Smith
- Fat Science Consulting Ltd16 Arundel DriveBedfordMK41 8HPUK
| | | | - Sabine Danthine
- ULgGxABTAvenue de la Faculté d′agronomie 2B5030GemblouxBelgium
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8
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Xu Y, Dong C. Phase behavior of binary mixtures of three different 1,3-diacylglycerols. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yayuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology; Oil and Plant Protein Center; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province P. R. China
| | - Cao Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology; Oil and Plant Protein Center; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province P. R. China
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10
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Miyasaki EK, Santos CAD, Vieira LR, Ming CC, Calligaris GA, Cardoso LP, Gonçalves LAG. Acceleration of polymorphic transition of cocoa butter and cocoa butter equivalent by addition ofd-limonene. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eriksen Koji Miyasaki
- Department of Materials Engineering and Bioprocess; Faculty of Chemical Engineering; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | | | - Luana Reis Vieira
- Department of Food Technology; Faculty of Food Engineering; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | - Chiu Chih Ming
- Department of Food Technology; Faculty of Food Engineering; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | - Guilherme A. Calligaris
- Department of Applied Physics; Gleb Watagh in Institute of Physics; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | - Lisandro Pavie Cardoso
- Department of Applied Physics; Gleb Watagh in Institute of Physics; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
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11
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Mixing Phase Behavior of 1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2-Oleoyl-sn-Glycerol (POP) and 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-Oleoyl-rac-Glycerol (PPO) in n-Dodecane Solution. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-014-2534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Pattarino F, Bettini R, Foglio Bonda A, Della Bella A, Giovannelli L. Polymorphism and kinetic behavior of binary mixtures of triglycerides. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:87-94. [PMID: 24971693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The work is aimed at investigating the polymorphism and the phase transition kinetics of binary lipid mixtures with potential application in controlled drug delivery. The lipid systems, constituted of glyceryl tristearate (GTS) added with different amounts (1.0-7.5% w/w) of a medium-chain liquid triglyceride (C10-C12 acyl derivative - MCT), were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, by X-ray diffraction and hot-stage microscopy. The liquid lipid, although present in small amount, modified the thermal profile and the diffraction pattern of the systems, indicating that it promoted the formation of the GTS stable polymorph, β, during the re-solidification of the melted mixture. This promotion effect of MCT was concentration-dependent and evident for systems containing MCT>2.5%. Also the kinetics of transformation of GTS polymorphs was affected by the percentage of the liquid component. The α → β-transition was a biphasic process which for GTS-MCT mixture (99:1) superimposed that of pure GTS, while followed a different trend for systems containing percentages of MCT higher than 2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Pattarino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Largo Donegani, 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Ruggero Bettini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Foglio Bonda
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Largo Donegani, 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Della Bella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Lorella Giovannelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Largo Donegani, 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
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13
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Solid Fat Content of vegetable oils and simulation of interesterification reaction: Predictions from thermodynamic approach. J FOOD ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Teles dos Santos M, Gerbaud V, Roux GL. Modeling and simulation of melting curves and chemical interesterification of binary blends of vegetable oils. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Bayés-García L, Calvet T, Àngel Cuevas-Diarte M, Ueno S, Sato K. In situ observation of transformation pathways of polymorphic forms of 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl glycerol (POP) examined with synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and DSC. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce26522b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Bouzidi L, Omonov TS, Garti N, Narine SS. Relationships between molecular structure and kinetic and thermodynamic controls in lipid systems. Part I: propensity for oil loss of saturated triacylglycerols. Food Funct 2012; 4:130-43. [PMID: 23070069 DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30164d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pure saturated triacylglycerols (TAGs) in canola oil were used as model systems to analyse oil loss in structured oil both from thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives. Two important parameters which effectively and predictively measure the relative propensity of a solid network to lose/hold oil were defined: (1) the rate of oil loss, K, which is a quantified representation of the kinetics of oil loss and (2) the initial amount of oil susceptible to be lost, i.e., the propensity for oil loss (POL), which is a representation of the thermodynamics of oil binding. It was found that the POL and K values do not always trend in the same fashion, suggesting that the mechanism of oil binding is complex, depending on the structurant's crystalline form locked within the oil network. The two parameters were, however, correlated to the melting and thermal behavior of the structurants, to the polymorphic structures that are obtained during the cooling process and to the habit (shape, size and morphology) of the crystalline phase in the oil. Both POL and K had a strong correlation to the oil loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laziz Bouzidi
- Trent Centre for Biomaterials Research, Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry Departments, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
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Bouzidi L, Narine SS. Relationships between molecular structure and kinetic and thermodynamic controls in lipid systems. Part II: Phase behavior and transformation paths of SSS, PSS and PPS saturated triacylglycerols—Effect of chain length mismatch. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:77-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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18
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Bouzidi L, Narine SS. Relationships between molecular structure and kinetic and thermodynamic controls in lipid systems. Part III. Crystallization and phase behavior of 1-palmitoyl-2,3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol (PSS) and tristearoylglycerol (SSS) binary system. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 165:105-19. [PMID: 22119326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The phase behavior of 1-palmitoyl-2,3-distearoyl-sn-glycerol (PSS)/tristearoylglycerol (SSS) binary system was investigated in terms of polymorphism, crystallization and melting behavior, microstructure and solid fat content (SFC) using widely different constant cooling rates. Kinetic phase diagrams were experimentally determined from the DSC heating thermograms and analyzed using a thermodynamic model to account for non-ideality of mixing. The kinetic phase diagram presented a typical eutectic behavior with a eutectic point at the 0.5(PSS) mixture with a probable precipitation line from 0.5(PSS) to 1.0(PSS), regardless of the rate at which the sample was cooled. The eutectic temperature decreased only slightly with increasing cooling rate. PSS has a strong effect on the physical properties of the PSS-SSS mixtures. In fact, the overall phase behavior of the PSS-SSS binary system was determined, for a very large part, by the asymmetrical TAG. Moreover, PSS is a key driver of the high stability observed in crystal growth, polymorphism and phase development. Levels as low as 10% PSS, when cooled slowly, and 30% when cooled rapidly, were found to be sufficient to suppress the effect of thermal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laziz Bouzidi
- Trent Centre for Biomaterials Research, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8
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19
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Phase Equilibrium and Optimization Tools: Application for Enhanced Structured Lipids for Foods. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bouzidi L, Boodhoo MV, Kutek T, Filip V, Narine SS. The binary phase behavior of 1,3-dilauroyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol and 1,2-dilauroyl-3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:607-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Revised: 05/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laziz Bouzidi
- Trent Biomaterials Research Program, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
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Boodhoo MV, Bouzidi L, Narine SS. The binary phase behavior of 1, 3-dipalmitoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol and 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol. Chem Phys Lipids 2009; 160:11-32. [PMID: 19501207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The binary phase behavior of purified 1, 3-dipalmitoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol (PSP) and 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol (PPS) was investigated at a very slow (0.1 degrees C/min) and a relatively fast (3.0 degrees C/min) cooling rate. Mixtures with molar fractions of 0.1 increments were studied in terms of melting and crystallization, polymorphism, solid fat content (SFC), hardness and microstructure. Only the alpha-form of a double chain length (DCL) structure was detected for all mixtures in both experiments. The kinetic phase diagram, constructed using heating DSC thermograms, displayed two distinct behaviors separated by a singularity at the 0.5(PSP) composition: a eutectic in the X(PSP)< or =0.5 and a monotectic in the X(PSP)< or =0.5 concentration region. The singularity was attributed to the formation of a 1:1 (mol:mol) molecular compound. Apart from the segment from 0.0(PSP) to the eutectic point, X(E), the simulation of the liquidus line using a model based on the Hildebrand equation suggested that the molecular interactions are strong and tend to favor the formation of unlike pairs in the liquid state and that the miscibility is not significantly dependent on cooling rate. The kinetic effects are manifest in all measured properties, particularly dramatically in the X(PSP)< or =X(E) concentration region. An analysis of induction time as measured by pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (pNMR) showed that PPS retards crystal growth, an effect which can explain the peculiarity of this concentration region. At both cooling rates, fit of the SFC (%) versus time curves to a modified form of the Avrami model revealed two common growth modes for all the mixtures. The polarized light microscope (PLM) of the PSP-PPS mixtures revealed networks made of spherulitic crystallites of size, growth direction and boundaries that are varied and sensitive to composition and cooling rate. The change in the microstructure and final SFC (%), particularly noticeable at compositions close to the eutectic, explain in part the differences seen in relative hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Boodhoo
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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