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Shigematsu T, Koshiyama K. Changes in free energy barrier for water permeation by stretch-induced phase transitions in phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:9159-9166. [PMID: 37656194 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2250447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Water permeation through phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers is the key to understanding tension-induced rupture of biological cell membranes. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of stretched phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers to investigate changes in the free energy profile of water molecules across the bilayer and the lipid structure responsible for water permeation. We modeled stretching of the bilayer by applying areal strain. In stretched phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers, the hydrophobic tail of the phospholipids became disordered and the free energy barrier to water permeation decreased. Upon exceeding the critical areal strain, a phase transition to an interdigitated gel phase occurred before rupture, and the hydrophobic tail ordering as well as the free energy barrier were restored. In pure phospholipid bilayers, we did not observe such recoveries. These transient recoveries in the phospholipid/cholesterol bilayer suppressed water permeation and membrane rupture, followed by an increase in the critical areal strain at which the bilayer ruptured. This result agrees with experimental results and provides a reasonable molecular mechanism for the toughness of phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers under tension.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Shigematsu
- Department of Mechanical Science & Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Koshiyama
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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2
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Vo ATN, Murphy MA, Prabhu RK, Stone TW. Influence of phospholipid head and tail molecular structures on cell membrane mechanical response under tension. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:085103. [PMID: 39177086 DOI: 10.1063/5.0214893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological cell membranes are primarily comprised of a diverse lipid bilayer with multiple phospholipid (lipid) types, each of which is comprised of a hydrophilic headgroup and two hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails. The lipid type determines the molecular structure of head and tail groups, which can affect membrane mechanics at nanoscale and subsequently cell viability under mechanical loading. Hence, using molecular dynamics simulations, the current study investigated seven membrane phospholipids and the effect of their structural differences on physical deformation, mechanoporation damage, and mechanical failure of the membranes under tension. The inspected phospholipids showed similar yield stresses and strains, as well as pore evolution and damage, but significantly different failure strains. In general, failure occurred at a lower strain for lipids with a larger equilibrium area per lipid. The obtained results suggest that larger headgroup structure, greater degree of unsaturation, and tail-length asymmetry influenced the phospholipids' ability to pack against each other, increased the fluidity and equilibrium area per lipid of the membrane, and resulted in lower failure strain. Overall, this study provides insights on how different phospholipid structures affect membrane physical responses at the molecular level and serves as a reference for future studies of more complex membrane systems with intricate biophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T N Vo
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Michael A Murphy
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - Raj K Prabhu
- NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - Tonya W Stone
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
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3
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Ušaj M, Pavlin M, Kandušer M. Feasibility Study for the Use of Gene Electrotransfer and Cell Electrofusion as a Single-Step Technique for the Generation of Activated Cancer Cell Vaccines. J Membr Biol 2024:10.1007/s00232-024-00320-5. [PMID: 39133276 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-024-00320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies hold great potential for cancer immunotherapy. This approach is based on manipulation of dendritic cells to activate immune system against specific cancer antigens. For the development of an effective cell vaccine platform, gene transfer, and cell fusion have been used for modification of dendritic or tumor cells to express immune (co)stimulatory signals and to load dendritic cells with tumor antigens. Both, gene transfer and cell fusion can be achieved by single technique, a cell membrane electroporation. The cell membrane exposed to external electric field becomes temporarily permeable, enabling introduction of genetic material, and also fusogenic, enabling the fusion of cells in the close contact. We tested the feasability of combining gene electrotransfer and electrofusion into a single-step technique and evaluated the effects of electroporation buffer, pulse parameters, and cell membrane fluidity for single or combined method of gene delivery or cell fusdion. We determined the percentage of fused cells expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) in a murine cell model of melanoma B16F1, cell line used in our previous studies. Our results suggest that gene electrotransfer and cell electrofusion can be applied in a single step. The percentage of viable hybrid cells expressing GFP depends on electric pulse parameters and the composition of the electroporation buffer. Furthermore, our results suggest that cell membrane fluidity is not related to the efficiency of the gene electrotransfer and electrofusion. The protocol is compatible with microfluidic devices, however further optimization of electric pulse parameters and buffers is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Ušaj
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, 391 82, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maša Kandušer
- Institute for Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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4
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Vo ATN, Murphy MA, Phan PK, Prabhu RK, Stone TW. Effect of Force Field Resolution on Membrane Mechanical Response and Mechanoporation Damage under Deformation Simulations. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:865-875. [PMID: 37016179 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Damage induced by transient disruption and mechanoporation in an intact cell membrane is a vital nanoscale biomechanical mechanism that critically affects cell viability. To complement experimental studies of mechanical membrane damage and disruption, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed at different force field resolutions, each of which follows different parameterization strategies and thus may influence the properties and dynamics of membrane systems. Therefore, the current study performed tensile deformation MD simulations of bilayer membranes using all-atom (AA), united-atom (UA), and coarse-grained Martini (CG-M) models to investigate how the damage biomechanics differs across atomistic and coarse-grained (CG) simulations. The mechanical response and mechanoporation damage were qualitatively similar but quantitatively different in the three models, including some progressive changes based on the coarse-graining level. The membranes yielded and reached ultimate strength at similar strains; however, the coarser systems exhibited lower average yield stresses and failure strains. The average failure strain in the UA model was approximately 7% lower than the AA, and the CG-M was 20% lower than UA and 27% lower than AA. The CG systems also nucleated a higher number of pores and larger pores, which resulted in higher damage during the deformation process. Overall, the study provides insight on the impact of force field-a critical factor in modeling biomolecular systems and their interactions-in inspecting membrane mechanosensitive responses and serves as a reference for justifying the appropriate force field for future studies of more complex membranes and more diverse biomolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T N Vo
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, 200 Research Blvd, Starkville, MS, 39759, USA.
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - Michael A Murphy
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, 200 Research Blvd, Starkville, MS, 39759, USA
| | - Phong K Phan
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, 200 Research Blvd, Starkville, MS, 39759, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Raj K Prabhu
- NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, TX, 77058, USA
| | - Tonya W Stone
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, 200 Research Blvd, Starkville, MS, 39759, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA
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5
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Mou Q, Xu M, Deng J, Hu N, Yang J. Studying the roles of salt ions in the pore initiation and closure stages in the biomembrane electroporation. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:026103. [PMID: 37180734 PMCID: PMC10168715 DOI: 10.1063/5.0147104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroporation shows great potential in biology and biomedical applications. However, there is still a lack of reliable protocol for cell electroporation to achieve a high perforation efficiency due to the unclear influence mechanism of various factors, especially the salt ions in buffer solution. The tiny membrane structure of a cell and the electroporation scale make it difficult to monitor the electroporation process. In this study, we used both molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and experimental methods to explore the influence of salt ions on the electroporation process. Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were constructed as the model, and sodium chloride (NaCl) was selected as the representative salt ion in this study. The results show that the electroporation process follows lag-burst kinetics, where the lag period first appears after applying the electric field, followed by a rapid pore expansion. For the first time, we find that the salt ion plays opposite roles in different stages of the electroporation process. The accumulation of salt ions near the membrane surface provides an extra potential to promote the pore initiation, while the charge screening effect of the ions within the pore increases the line tension of the pore to induce the instability of the pore and lead to the closure. The GUV electroporation experiments obtain qualitatively consistent results with MD simulations. This work can provide guidance for the selection of parameters for cell electroporation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Mou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Mengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jinan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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6
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Kramar P, Miklavčič D. Effect of the cholesterol on electroporation of planar lipid bilayer. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 144:108004. [PMID: 34864271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electroporation threshold depends on the membrane composition, with cholesterol being one of its key components already studied in the past, but the results were inconclusive. The aim of our study was to determine behaviour of planar lipid bilayers with varying cholesterol concentrations under electric field. This would give us a better insight into cholesterol effect on membrane properties during electroporation process, since cholesterol is one of the major components of biological membranes and plays a crucial role in membrane organisation, dynamics, and function. Planar lipid bilayers were prepared from phosphatidylcholine lipids with 0, 20, 30, 50 and 80 mol% cholesterol. Capacitance was measured using the discharge method. Results show no statistical difference of cBLM between the cholesterol concentrations. Breakdown voltage Ubr of planar lipid bilayers was measured by means of linear rising voltage with seven different slopes. Obtained results were fitted to a strength-duration curve, where parameter Ubrmin represents minimal breakdown voltage, and parameter τRC represents the inclination of the strength-duration curve. Adding cholesterol to planar lipid bilayer gradually increased its Ubrmin until 50 mol% cholesterol concentration. Afterwards at 80 mol% Ubrmin does not further increase, in fact it reduces by 20% of the Ubrmin at 50 mol% cholesterol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kramar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Slovenia.
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Slovenia
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Gu L, Wei T, Zhou M, Yang H, Zhou Y. Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Response of Cell Membranes to High-Speed Equibiaxial Stretching: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10736-10747. [PMID: 34524826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The difference between diseased and healthy cellular membranes in response to mechanical stresses is crucial for biology, as well as in the development of medical devices. However, the biomolecular mechanisms by which mechanical stresses interact with diseased cellular components remain largely unknown. In this work, we focus on the response of diseased cellular membranes with lipid peroxidation to high-speed tensile loadings. We find that the critical areal strain (ξc, when the pore forms) is highly sensitive to lipid peroxidation. For example, ξc of a fully oxidized bilayer is only 64 and 69% of the nonoxidized one at the stretching speed of 0.1 and 0.6 m/s, respectively. ξc decreases with the increase in the oxidized lipid ratio, regardless of the speeds. Also, the critical rupture tension of membranes exhibits a similar change. It is obvious that the oxidized membranes are more easily damaged than normal ones by high-speed stretching, which coincides with experimental findings. The reason is that peroxidation introduces a polar group to the tail of lipids, increases the hydrophilicity of tails, and warps the tails to the membrane-water interface, which causes loose accumulation and disorder of lipid tails. This can be deduced from the variation in the area per lipid and order parameter. In addition, the lowering stretching modulus and line tension of membranes (i.e., softening) after lipid peroxidation is also a significant factor. We reveal the difference between the peroxidized (diseased) and normal membrane in response to high-speed stretching, give the ξc value in the pore formation of membranes and analyze the influence of the stretching speed, peroxidation ratio, and molecular structure of phospholipids. We hope that the molecular-level information will be useful for the development of biological and medical devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Gu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.,School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
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Muhammed E, Cooper J, Devito D, Mushi R, del Pilar Aguinaga M, Erenso D, Crogman H. Elastic property of sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait red blood cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210188R. [PMID: 34590447 PMCID: PMC8479689 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.096502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE We introduce a model for better calibration of the trapping force using an equal but oppositely directed drag force acting on a trapped red blood cell (RBC). We demonstrate this approach by studying RBCs' elastic properties from deidentified sickle cell anemia (SCA) and sickle cell trait (SCT) blood samples. AIM A laser trapping (LT) force was formulated and analytically calculated in a cylindrical model. Using this trapping force relative percent difference, the maximum (longitudinal) and minimum (transverse) radius rate and stiffness were used to study the elasticity. APPROACH The elastic property of SCA and SCT RBCs was analyzed using LT technique with computer controlled piezo-driven stage, in order to trap and stretch the RBCs. RESULTS For all parameters, the results show that the SCT RBC samples have higher elastic property than the SCA RBCs. The higher rigidity in the SCA cell may be due to the lipid composition of the membrane, which was affected by the cholesterol concentration. CONCLUSIONS By developing a theoretical model for different trapping forces, we have also studied the elasticity of RBCs in SCT (with hemoglobin type HbAS) and in SCA (with hemoglobin type HbSS). The results for the quantities describing the elasticity of the cells consistently showed that the RBCs in the SCT display lower rigidity and higher deformability than the RBCs with SCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endris Muhammed
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Physics, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - James Cooper
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States
| | - Daniel Devito
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States
| | - Robert Mushi
- Meharry Medical College, Meharry Sickle Cell Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Maria del Pilar Aguinaga
- Meharry Medical College, Meharry Sickle Cell Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Meharry Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Daniel Erenso
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States
| | - Horace Crogman
- California State University Dominguez Hills, Department of Physics, Carson, California, United States
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Lyu D, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Effects of cholesterol on bilayers with various degrees of unsaturation of their phospholipid tails under mechanical stress. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11088-11094. [PMID: 35495327 PMCID: PMC9050462 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00624f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is one of the essential components of the cell membrane. It has a significant influence on various mechanical properties of biomembranes, such as fluidity and elasticity, which have attracted much attention. It is also well known that the concentration of cholesterol affects the mechanical strength of cell membranes. In this paper, we aim to explore the influence of the degree of unsaturation of phospholipid tails on the concentration-effect of cholesterol. Three different phospholipids (DPPC, DIPC and DAPC) were selected as the respective main components of the bilayers and several concentrations of cholesterol were also added to the systems. Our coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations show that as the cholesterol concentration increases, the saturated phospholipid bilayer is first strengthened, by increasing the rupture tension from 68.9 to 110 mN m-1, and then weakened. The non-monotonic concentration-effect gradually decreases as the degree of unsaturation of the phospholipid tails increases, and in particular, the mechanical strength of the DAPC bilayer hardly changes. The results suggest that cholesterol does not influence a bilayer composed of highly unsaturated phospholipids. Furthermore, lateral density distributions reveal that the distribution of cholesterol in the bilayer is related to the carbon tail unsaturation of the phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Lyu
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University No. 135 Xingang Xi Road Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University No. 135 Xingang Xi Road Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University No. 135 Xingang Xi Road Guangzhou 510275 China
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10
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Saitta F, Signorelli M, Fessas D. Hierarchy of interactions dictating the thermodynamics of real cell membranes: Following the insulin secretory granules paradigm up to fifteen-components vesicles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110715. [PMID: 31841777 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A fifteen-components model membrane that reflected the 80 % of phospholipids present in Insulin Secretory Granules was obtained and thermodynamic exploitation was performed, through micro-DSC, in order to assess the synergic contributions to the stability of a mixed complex system very close to real membranes. Simpler systems were also stepwise investigated, to complete a previous preliminary study and to highlight a hierarchy of interactions that can be now summarized as phospholipid tail unsaturation > phospholipid tail length > phospholipid headgroup > membrane curvature. In particular, Small Unilamellar Vesicles (SUVs) that consisted in phospholipids with different headgroups (choline, ethanolamine and serine), was step by step considered, following inclusion of sphingomyelins and lysophosphatidylcholines together with a more complete fatty acids distribution characterizing the phospholipid bilayer of the Insulin Secretory Granules. The inclusion of cholesterol was finally considered and the influence of three FFAs (stearic, oleic and elaidic acids) was investigated in comparison with simpler systems, highlighting the magnitude of the effects on such a detailed membrane in the frame of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Saitta
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Signorelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Dimitrios Fessas
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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11
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Saeedimasine M, Montanino A, Kleiven S, Villa A. Role of lipid composition on the structural and mechanical features of axonal membranes: a molecular simulation study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8000. [PMID: 31142762 PMCID: PMC6541598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of cellular membranes is critical for the functionality of axons. Failure of the axonal membranes (plasma membrane and/or myelin sheath) can be the origin of neurological diseases. The two membranes differ in the content of sphingomyelin and galactosylceramide lipids. We investigate the relation between lipid content and bilayer structural-mechanical properties, to better understand the dependency of membrane properties on lipid composition. A sphingomyelin/phospholipid/cholesterol bilayer is used to mimic a plasma membrane and a galactosylceramide/phospholipid/cholesterol bilayer to mimic a myelin sheath. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed at atomistic and coarse-grained levels to characterize the bilayers at equilibrium and under deformation. For comparison, simulations of phospholipid and phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers are also performed. The results clearly show that the bilayer biomechanical and structural features depend on the lipid composition, independent of the molecular models. Both galactosylceramide or sphingomyelin lipids increase the order of aliphatic tails and resistance to water penetration. Having 30% galactosylceramide increases the bilayers stiffness. Galactosylceramide lipids pack together via sugar-sugar interactions and hydrogen-bond phosphocholine with a correlated increase of bilayer thickness. Our findings provide a molecular insight on role of lipid content in natural membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saeedimasine
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Annaclaudia Montanino
- Division of Neuronic Engineering, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Svein Kleiven
- Division of Neuronic Engineering, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Villa
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
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12
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Murphy MA, Mun S, Horstemeyer MF, Baskes MI, Bakhtiary A, LaPlaca MC, Gwaltney SR, Williams LN, Prabhu RK. Molecular dynamics simulations showing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) membrane mechanoporation damage under different strain paths. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:1346-1359. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1453376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Murphy
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Sungkwang Mun
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - M. F. Horstemeyer
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - M. I. Baskes
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - A. Bakhtiary
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Michelle C. LaPlaca
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven R. Gwaltney
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
- Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Lakiesha N. Williams
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - R. K. Prabhu
- Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (CAVS), Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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13
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Shigematsu T, Koshiyama K, Wada S. Stretch-Induced Interdigitation of a Phospholipid/Cholesterol Bilayer. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2556-2563. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Shigematsu
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Koshiyama
- Department of Mechanical Science & Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wada
- Department of Mechanical Science & Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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14
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Li J, Jin K, Mushnoori SC, Dutt M. Mechanisms underlying interactions between PAMAM dendron-grafted surfaces with DPPC membranes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24982-24992. [PMID: 35542143 PMCID: PMC9082323 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03742f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofouling is a pervasive problem which demands the creation of smart, antifouling surfaces. Towards this end, we examine the interactions between a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipid bilayer and a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendron-grafted surface. In addition, we investigate the impact of dendron generation on the system behavior. To resolve the multiscale dynamical processes occurring over a large spatial scale, we employ Molecular Dynamics simulations with a coarse-grained implicit solvent force field. Our results demonstrate the transient and equilibrium system dynamics to be determined by the PAMAM dendron generation along with the underlying mechanisms. Higher generation dendrons are observed to favor penetration of the DPPC molecules into the dendron branches, thereby enabling sustained interactions between the membrane and the dendron-grafted surface. Under equilibrium, the membrane adopts a bowl-shaped morphology whose dimensions are determined by the dendron generation and density of interactions. The results from our study can be used to guide the design of novel surfaces with selective antifouling properties which can prevent the adsorption of microorganisms onto lipid membranes. The interactions between a DPPC lipid membrane and a PAMAM dendron-grafted surface.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Rutgers
- The State University of New Jersey
- USA
| | - Kai Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Rutgers
- The State University of New Jersey
- USA
| | - Srinivas C. Mushnoori
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Rutgers
- The State University of New Jersey
- USA
| | - Meenakshi Dutt
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Rutgers
- The State University of New Jersey
- USA
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15
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Yang YL, Sheng YJ, Tsao HK. Branching pattern effect and co-assembly with lipids of amphiphilic Janus dendrimersomes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27305-27313. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the branching patterns on the membrane properties of Janus dendrimers in water has been investigated by dissipative particle dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jane Sheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Heng-Kwong Tsao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- National Central University
- Jhongli 320
- Taiwan
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16
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Jasa J, Li D, Cleveland RO, Negahban M, Jérusalem A. Molecular dynamics simulations of heterogeneous cell membranes in response to uniaxial membrane stretches at high loading rates. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8316. [PMID: 28814791 PMCID: PMC5559491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemobiomechanical signatures of diseased cells are often distinctively different from that of healthy cells. This mainly arises from cellular structural/compositional alterations induced by disease development or therapeutic molecules. Therapeutic shock waves have the potential to mechanically destroy diseased cells and/or increase cell membrane permeability for drug delivery. However, the biomolecular mechanisms by which shock waves interact with diseased and healthy cellular components remain largely unknown. By integrating atomistic simulations with a novel multiscale numerical framework, this work provides new biomolecular mechanistic perspectives through which many mechanosensitive cellular processes could be quantitatively characterised. Here we examine the biomechanical responses of the chosen representative membrane complexes under rapid mechanical loadings pertinent to therapeutic shock wave conditions. We find that their rupture characteristics do not exhibit significant sensitivity to the applied strain rates. Furthermore, we show that the embedded rigid inclusions markedly facilitate stretch-induced membrane disruptions while mechanically stiffening the associated complexes under the applied membrane stretches. Our results suggest that the presence of rigid molecules in cellular membranes could serve as “mechanical catalysts” to promote the mechanical destructions of the associated complexes, which, in concert with other biochemical/medical considerations, should provide beneficial information for future biomechanical-mediated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
| | - Zesheng Zhang
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - John Jasa
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Dongli Li
- University of Oxford, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Robin O Cleveland
- University of Oxford, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Mehrdad Negahban
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Antoine Jérusalem
- University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
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17
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Busija AR, Patel HH, Insel PA. Caveolins and cavins in the trafficking, maturation, and degradation of caveolae: implications for cell physiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C459-C477. [PMID: 28122734 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00355.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Caveolins (Cavs) are ~20 kDa scaffolding proteins that assemble as oligomeric complexes in lipid raft domains to form caveolae, flask-shaped plasma membrane (PM) invaginations. Caveolae ("little caves") require lipid-lipid, protein-lipid, and protein-protein interactions that can modulate the localization, conformational stability, ligand affinity, effector specificity, and other functions of proteins that are partners of Cavs. Cavs are assembled into small oligomers in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), transported to the Golgi for assembly with cholesterol and other oligomers, and then exported to the PM as an intact coat complex. At the PM, cavins, ~50 kDa adapter proteins, oligomerize into an outer coat complex that remodels the membrane into caveolae. The structure of caveolae protects their contents (i.e., lipids and proteins) from degradation. Cellular changes, including signal transduction effects, can destabilize caveolae and produce cavin dissociation, restructuring of Cav oligomers, ubiquitination, internalization, and degradation. In this review, we provide a perspective of the life cycle (biogenesis, degradation), composition, and physiologic roles of Cavs and caveolae and identify unanswered questions regarding the roles of Cavs and cavins in caveolae and in regulating cell physiology.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Busija
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Paul A Insel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and .,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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18
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Sliozberg YR, Chantawansri TL. Mechanism resulting in chemical imbalance due to cellular damage associated with mechanoporation: A molecular dynamics study. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Kirsch SA, Böckmann RA. Membrane pore formation in atomistic and coarse-grained simulations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1858:2266-2277. [PMID: 26748016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biological cells and their organelles are protected by ultra thin membranes. These membranes accomplish a broad variety of important tasks like separating the cell content from the outer environment, they are the site for cell-cell interactions and many enzymatic reactions, and control the in- and efflux of metabolites. For certain physiological functions e.g. in the fusion of membranes and also in a number of biotechnological applications like gene transfection the membrane integrity needs to be compromised to allow for instance for the exchange of polar molecules across the membrane barrier. Mechanisms enabling the transport of molecules across the membrane involve membrane proteins that form specific pores or act as transporters, but also so-called lipid pores induced by external fields, stress, or peptides. Recent progress in the simulation field enabled to closely mimic pore formation as supposed to occur in vivo or in vitro. Here, we review different simulation-based approaches in the study of membrane pores with a focus on lipid pore properties such as their size and energetics, poration mechanisms based on the application of external fields, charge imbalances, or surface tension, and on pores that are induced by small molecules, peptides, and lipids. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biosimulations edited by Ilpo Vattulainen and Tomasz Róg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja A Kirsch
- Computational Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer A Böckmann
- Computational Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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20
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Lai AL, Freed JH. The Interaction between Influenza HA Fusion Peptide and Transmembrane Domain Affects Membrane Structure. Biophys J 2015; 109:2523-2536. [PMID: 26682811 PMCID: PMC4699882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral glycoproteins, such as influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and human immunodeficiency virus gp41, are anchored by a single helical segment transmembrane domain (TMD) on the viral envelope membrane. The fusion peptides (FP) of the glycoproteins insert into the host membrane and initiate membrane fusion. Our previous study showed that the FP or TMD alone perturbs membrane structure. Interaction between the influenza HA FP and TMD has previously been shown, but its role is unclear. We used PC spin labels dipalmitoylphospatidyl-tempo-choline (on the headgroup), 5PC and 14PC (5-C and 14-C positions on the acyl chain) to detect the combined effect of FP-TMD interaction by titrating HA FP to TMD-reconstituted 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol)/cholesterol lipid bilayers using electron spin resonance. We found that the FP-TMD increases the lipid order at all positions, which has a greater lipid ordering effect than the sum of the FP or TMD alone, and this effect reaches deeper into the membranes. Although HA-mediated membrane fusion is pH dependent, this combined effect is observed at both pH 5 and pH 7. In addition to increasing lipid order, multiple components are found for 5PC at increased concentration of FP-TMD, indicating that distinct domains are induced. However, the mutation of Gly1 in the FP and L187 in the TMD eliminates the perturbations, consistent with their fusogenic phenotypes. Electron spin resonance on spin-labeled peptides confirms these observations. We suggest that this interaction may provide a driving force in different stages of membrane fusion: initialization, transition from hemifusion stalk to transmembrane contact, and fusion pore formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jack H Freed
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
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21
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Effects of Stretching Speed on Mechanical Rupture of Phospholipid/Cholesterol Bilayers: Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15369. [PMID: 26471872 PMCID: PMC4607938 DOI: 10.1038/srep15369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rupture of biological cell membrane under mechanical stresses is critical for cell viability. It is triggered by local rearrangements of membrane molecules. We investigated the effects of stretching speed on mechanical rupture of phospholipid/cholesterol bilayers using unsteady molecular dynamics simulations. We focused on pore formation, the trigger of rupture, in a 40 mol% cholesterol-including bilayer. The unsteady stretching was modeled by proportional and temporal scaling of atom positions at stretching speeds from 0.025 to 30 m/s. The effects of the stretching speed on the critical areal strain, where the pore forms, is composed of two regimes. At low speeds (<1.0 m/s), the critical areal strain is insensitive to speed, whereas it significantly increases at higher speeds. Also, the strain is larger than that of a pure bilayer, regardless of the stretching speeds, which qualitatively agrees with available experimental data. Transient recovery of the cholesterol and phospholipid molecular orientations was evident at lower speeds, suggesting the formation of a stretch-induced interdigitated gel-like phase. However, this recovery was not confirmed at higher speeds or for the pure bilayer. The different responses of the molecular orientations may help explain the two regimes for the effect of stretching speed on pore formation.
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22
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Róg T, Vattulainen I. Cholesterol, sphingolipids, and glycolipids: what do we know about their role in raft-like membranes? Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 184:82-104. [PMID: 25444976 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipids rafts are considered to be functional nanoscale membrane domains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, characteristic in particular of the external leaflet of cell membranes. Lipids, together with membrane-associated proteins, are therefore considered to form nanoscale units with potential specific functions. Although the understanding of the structure of rafts in living cells is quite limited, the possible functions of rafts are widely discussed in the literature, highlighting their importance in cellular functions. In this review, we discuss the understanding of rafts that has emerged based on recent atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation studies on the key lipid raft components, which include cholesterol, sphingolipids, glycolipids, and the proteins interacting with these classes of lipids. The simulation results are compared to experiments when possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland; MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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