1
|
Ramos-Martín F, D'Amelio N. Biomembrane lipids: When physics and chemistry join to shape biological activity. Biochimie 2022; 203:118-138. [PMID: 35926681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Biomembranes constitute the first lines of defense of cells. While small molecules can often permeate cell walls in bacteria and plants, they are generally unable to penetrate the barrier constituted by the double layer of phospholipids, unless specific receptors or channels are present. Antimicrobial or cell-penetrating peptides are in fact highly specialized molecules able to bypass this barrier and even discriminate among different cell types. This capacity is made possible by the intrinsic properties of its phospholipids, their distribution between the internal and external leaflet, and their ability to mutually interact, modulating the membrane fluidity and the exposition of key headgroups. Although common phospholipids can be found in the membranes of most organisms, some are characteristic of specific cell types. Here, we review the properties of the most common lipids and describe how they interact with each other in biomembrane. We then discuss how their assembly in bilayers determines some key physical-chemical properties such as permeability, potential and phase status. Finally, we describe how the exposition of specific phospholipids determines the recognition of cell types by membrane-targeting molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ramos-Martín
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire UMR 7025 CNRS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, 80039, France.
| | - Nicola D'Amelio
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire UMR 7025 CNRS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, 80039, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martins IBS, Viegas TG, Dos Santos Alvares D, de Souza BM, Palma MS, Ruggiero Neto J, de Araujo AS. The effect of acidic pH on the adsorption and lytic activity of the peptides Polybia-MP1 and its histidine-containing analog in anionic lipid membrane: a biophysical study by molecular dynamics and spectroscopy. Amino Acids 2021; 53:753-767. [PMID: 33890127 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immune system of many species. AMPs are short sequences rich in charged and non-polar residues. They act on the lipid phase of the plasma membrane without requiring membrane receptors. Polybia-MP1 (MP1), extracted from a native wasp, is a broad-spectrum bactericide, an inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation being non-hemolytic and non-cytotoxic. MP1 mechanism of action and its adsorption mode is not yet completely known. Its adsorption to lipid bilayer and lytic activity is most likely dependent on the ionization state of its two acidic and three basic residues and consequently on the bulk pH. Here we investigated the effect of bulk acidic (pH 5.5) and neutral pH (7.4) solution on the adsorption, insertion, and lytic activity of MP1 and its analog H-MP1 to anionic (7POPC:3POPG) model membrane. H-MP1 is a synthetic analog of MP1 with lysines replaced by histidines. Bulk pH changes could modulate this peptide efficiency. The combination of different experimental techniques and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that the adsorption, insertion, and lytic activity of H-MP1 are highly sensitive to bulk pH in opposition to MP1. The atomistic details, provided by MD simulations, showed peptides contact their N-termini to the bilayer before the insertion and then lay parallel to the bilayer. Their hydrophobic faces inserted into the acyl chain phase disturb the lipid-packing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Bernardes Santana Martins
- Department of Physics, IBILCE, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265-Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Taisa Giordano Viegas
- Department of Physics, IBILCE, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265-Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Dayane Dos Santos Alvares
- Department of Physics, IBILCE, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265-Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Monson de Souza
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Palma
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - João Ruggiero Neto
- Department of Physics, IBILCE, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265-Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Suman de Araujo
- Department of Physics, IBILCE, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265-Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|