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Mizota I, Nakamura Y, Mizutani S, Mizukoshi N, Terasawa S, Shimizu M. Highly Selective Synthesis of α-Aminoamide Utilizing an Umpolung Reaction and Characteristics of α-Hydrazonoester. Org Lett 2021; 23:4168-4172. [PMID: 34014099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An umpolung reaction with α-hydrazonoesters was investigated, and it was found that α-N,N-dialkylaminoamides could be directly synthesized in yields up to 92% via a concomitant rearrangement of dialkylamino groups. As an application, a short synthesis of an inhibitor of glycine type-1-transporter was accomplished via subsequent functional group transformations in 28% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Mizota
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Mizutani
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Nanami Mizukoshi
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shunya Terasawa
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,School of Energy Science and Engineering College, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
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Laconsay CJ, Tsui KY, Tantillo DJ. Tipping the balance: theoretical interrogation of divergent extended heterolytic fragmentations. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2231-2242. [PMID: 32190279 PMCID: PMC7059201 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05161a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we interrogate a type of heterolytic fragmentation reaction called a 'divergent fragmentation' using density functional theory (DFT), natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD), and external electric field (EEF) calculations. We demonstrate that substituents, electrostatic environment and non-statistical dynamic effects all influence product selectivity in reactions that involve divergent fragmentation pathways. Direct dynamics simulations reveal an unexpected post-transition state bifurcation (PTSB), and EEF calculations suggest that some transition states for divergent pathways can, in principle, be selectively stabilized if an electric field of the correct magnitude is oriented appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Croix J Laconsay
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Davis , CA 95616 , USA .
| | - Ka Yi Tsui
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Davis , CA 95616 , USA .
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Davis , CA 95616 , USA .
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3
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Xu SM, Wei L, Shen C, Xiao L, Tao HY, Wang CJ. Stereodivergent assembly of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines via synergistic catalytic asymmetric cascade reaction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5553. [PMID: 31804483 PMCID: PMC6895234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomerically enriched indole-containing heterocycles play a vital role in bioscience, medicine, and chemistry. As one of the most attractive subtypes of indole alkaloids, highly substituted tetrahydro-γ-carbolines are the basic structural unit in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. However, the syntheses of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines with high functionalities from readily available reagents are significant challenging. In particular, the stereodivergent syntheses of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines containing multi-stereogenic centers remain quite difficult. Herein, we report an expedient and stereodivergent assembly of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines with remarkably high levels of stereoselective control in an efficient cascade process from aldimine esters and indolyl allylic carbonates via a synergistic Cu/Ir catalyst system. Control experiments-guided optimization of synergistic catalysts and mechanistic investigations reveal that a stereodivergent allylation reaction and a subsequent highly stereoselective iso-Pictet-Spengler cyclization are the key elements to success. Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines are the basic structural unit in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. Here, the authors report a synergistic Cu/Ir system to assemble chiral tetrahydro-γ-carbolines via a stereodivergent allylation followed by a stereoselective iso-Pictet-Spengler cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ming Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hai-Yan Tao
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 230021, China.
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Zhao HP, Ma XP, Nie SM, Xiao Y, Mo DL. Synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines and spirobenzofuran-3,3′-quinolines through silver-mediated Appel reaction/C–Br bond cleavage/double selective rearrangement sequence. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00417c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A reduction and sequential silver-mediated Appel reaction/C–Br cleavage/double rearrangement cascade strategy was developed for the selective synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines and spirobenzofuran-3,3′-quinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- China
| | - Xiao-Pan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- China
| | - Shu-Min Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- China
| | - Yuhong Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- P. R. China
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- China
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