1
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Wang XZ, Huang HG, Liu WB. Pd/Cu Dual Metal-Catalyzed Regioselective [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Malononitriles with Alkynes to Densely Substituted Pyridines. Org Lett 2024; 26:7324-7329. [PMID: 39172919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of nitriles and two alkynes is an efficient method for assembling pyridines. However, examples employing palladium catalysis have rarely been disclosed, and the processes of reactivity and selectivity remain unclear. We report here a palladium/copper dual metal-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of diynyl-tethered malononitriles and terminal alkynes to synthesize densely substituted pyridines. This method features a good substrate scope, synthetically useful yields, and perfect regioselectivity. The derivatization of the pyridine products demonstrates the potential application of this method in synthesizing heterocycles and as ligands in photocatalysis. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction undergoes aza-oxidative cycloaddition of Pd(0) with nitrile and alkyne, followed by alkyne insertion and reductive elimination. The presence of copper is crucial to its reactivity and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zhen Wang
- Hubei Research Center of Fundamental Science-Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hong-Gui Huang
- Hubei Research Center of Fundamental Science-Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Hubei Research Center of Fundamental Science-Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Rezaei E, Shahedi M, Habibi Z. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Nitrile-Bearing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10562-10571. [PMID: 39051740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters containing nitriles is a very important and challenging subject in organic chemistry. We used a biocatalytic approach under mild conditions to obtain new derivatives of these scaffolds by oxidation of catechols by Myceliophthora thermophila laccase (Novozym 51003) to afford o-quinones and 1,4-addition of a series of carbon nucleophiles containing tertiary alkyle nitriles to these intermediates. Using this approach, α-cyano carbonyls bearing a quaternary stereocenter were also prepared. Finally, the yields for the prepared compounds were 72-94%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Rezaei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Shahedi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Habibi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
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3
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Yang J, Xie ZY, Ye YJ, Ye SB, Wang YB, Wang WT, Qian PC, Song RJ, Sun Q, Ye LW, Li L. Ir/Zn-cocatalyzed chemo- and atroposelective [2+2+2] cycloaddition for construction of C─N axially chiral indoles and pyrroles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadk1704. [PMID: 38117883 PMCID: PMC10732529 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Here, an Ir/Zn-cocatalyzed atroposelective [2+2+2] cycloaddition of 1,6-diynes and ynamines was developed, forging various functionalized C─N axially chiral indoles and pyrroles in generally good to excellent yields (up to 99%), excellent chemoselectivities, and high enantioselectivities (up to 98% enantiomeric excess) with wide substrate scope. This cocatalyzed strategy not only provided an alternative promising and reliable way for asymmetric alkyne [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization in an easy handle but also settled the issues of previous [Rh(COD)2]BF4-catalyzed system on the construction of C─N axial chirality such as complex operations, limited substrate scope, and low efficiency. In addition, control experiments and theoretical calculations disclosed that Zn(OTf)2 markedly reduced the barrier of migration insertion to significantly increase reaction efficiency, which was distinctly different from previous work on the Lewis acid for improving reaction yield through accelerating oxidative addition and reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhong-Yang Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yu-Jie Ye
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Sheng-Bing Ye
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Qian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Technology and Application of Environmental Functional Materials, Institute of New Materials and Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Technology and Application of Environmental Functional Materials, Institute of New Materials and Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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4
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Palermo AF, Chiu BSY, Patel P, Rousseaux SAL. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Alkyne Hydrocyanation Enabled by Malononitrile and a Formaldehyde Additive. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37924301 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of a nickel-catalyzed reductive alkyne hydrocyanation is described using 2-methyl-2-phenylmalononitrile (MPMN), a C-bound electrophilic transnitrilation reagent. Reproducibility issues led to the detection of oxidized hemiaminal impurities within N,N-dimethylacetamide. These impurities release formaldehyde in situ, which was ultimately identified as a critical reaction additive. A range of diaryl and aryl-alkyl alkynes underwent hydrocyanation. Mechanistic experiments revealed that formaldehyde and MPMN undergo a Ni-catalyzed reductive coupling of two π-components, leading to the controlled release of glycolonitrile as the active cyanating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F Palermo
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Benjamin S Y Chiu
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Purvish Patel
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sophie A L Rousseaux
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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5
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Yang JS, Lu K, Li CX, Zhao ZH, Zhang FM, Zhang XM, Tu YQ. NiH-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkylation for the Synthesis of β- or γ-Branched Chiral Aromatic N-Heterocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22122-22134. [PMID: 37749771 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
A nickel hydride-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydroalkylation reaction was developed to give access to a library of chiral β- or γ-branched aromatic N-heterocycles. This intriguing asymmetric transformation features excellent selectivities, step- and atom-economies, and generating two kinds of chiral products through one synthetic strategy. Furthermore, the possible reaction mechanism was extensively investigated using numerous control experiments and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zu-Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, Minhang, China
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6
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Huang HG, Zheng YQ, Zhong D, Deng JL, Liu WB. Reductive Aza-Pauson-Khand Reaction of Nitriles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10463-10469. [PMID: 37129915 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
γ-Lactams are valuable heterocycles in synthetic chemistry and drug development. Here, we report a reductive aza-Pauson-Khand reaction (aza-PKR) of an alkyne, a nitrile, and Co2(CO)8. A wide array of bicyclic α,β-unsaturated γ-lactams containing two adjacent stereocenters, including an all-carbon quaternary center, from alkyne-tethered malononitriles are efficiently accessed in high diastereoselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic investigations by experiments and DFT calculations reveal that the reaction undergoes an aza-PKR process followed by a in situ reduction. The reducing reagent generated in situ from water also provides a practical tool for deuterium incorporation into the γ-position of lactams using D2O as the deuterium source. This study represents a new mode for [2 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition that enables the direct use of nitrile in aza-heterocycle synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gui Huang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dayou Zhong
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiang-Lian Deng
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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7
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Liu WM, Lu Z, Wei Q, Liu WB. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive anti-Arylative Annulation of Alkyne-Tethered Malononitriles to Construct Quaternary Stereocenters. Org Lett 2023; 25:1811-1816. [PMID: 36919903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed reductive desymmetrizing annulation of alkyne-tethered malononitriles and (hetero)aryl iodides is reported for the access of cyclohexenones containing an α-all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. The use of a nickel catalyst derived from an electron-rich phosphinooxazoline ligand combined with iron powder as a reductant is crucial to the success of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei, China
| | - Zhiwu Lu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Zheng YQ, Li CL, Liu WB, Yu ZX. DFT Study of Mechanism and Stereochemistry of Nickel-Catalyzed trans-Arylative Desymmetrizing Cyclization of Alkyne-Tethered Malononitriles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16079-16083. [PMID: 36383065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Present here is a density functional theory (DFT) study of the mechanism and origin of enantioselectivity of Ni-catalyzed desymmetric cyclization of alkyne-tethered malononitriles and aryl boronic acids. The reaction starts from transmetalation and arylnickel addition, followed by trans to cis isomerization to give cis-alkenyl nickel species. The stereodetermining step is the CN insertion, which prefers a transition state with the bystander CN group staying away from the ligand to reduce steric repulsion, and gives the final (R)-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Zheng
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Chen-Long Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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9
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Miele M, Pillari V, Pace V, Alcántara AR, de Gonzalo G. Application of Biobased Solvents in Asymmetric Catalysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196701. [PMID: 36235236 PMCID: PMC9570574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The necessity of more sustainable conditions that follow the twelve principles of Green Chemistry have pushed researchers to the development of novel reagents, catalysts and solvents for greener asymmetric methodologies. Solvents are in general a fundamental part for developing organic processes, as well as for the separation and purification of the reaction products. By this reason, in the last years, the application of the so-called green solvents has emerged as a useful alternative to the classical organic solvents. These solvents must present some properties, such as a low vapor pressure and toxicity, high boiling point and biodegradability, and must be obtained from renewable sources. In the present revision, the recent application of these biobased solvents in the synthesis of optically active compounds employing different catalytic methodologies, including biocatalysis, organocatalysis and metal catalysis, will be analyzed to provide a novel tool for carrying out more ecofriendly organic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Miele
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Veronica Pillari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vittorio Pace
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (A.R.A.); (G.d.G.); Tel.: +39-011-6707934 (V.P.); +34-913941821 (A.R.A.); +34-955420802 (G.d.G.)
| | - Andrés R. Alcántara
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (A.R.A.); (G.d.G.); Tel.: +39-011-6707934 (V.P.); +34-913941821 (A.R.A.); +34-955420802 (G.d.G.)
| | - Gonzalo de Gonzalo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Seville, c/ Profesor García González 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (A.R.A.); (G.d.G.); Tel.: +39-011-6707934 (V.P.); +34-913941821 (A.R.A.); +34-955420802 (G.d.G.)
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10
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Xie Y, Huang L, Feng H, Qi Y, Van der Eycken EV, Feng H. Regio- and Chemoselective Copper-Catalyzed Formal [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of Primary Amines with Arylacetylenes to 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Pyridines. Org Lett 2022; 24:6346-6350. [PMID: 36005451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Disclosed herein is an efficient strategy for the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted pyridines via CuI/NBS-catalyzed formal intermolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition of easily available primary amines and nonactivated terminal alkynes. Moreover, this given reaction features a new mode of cycloaddition with high regio- and chemoselectivity, good atom- and step-economy, broad substrate scope, and wide functional group compatibility. Further mechanism studies indicate that this transformation starts with oxidative alkynylation of the amine to form a propargylamine intermediate, followed by radical addition to the alkyne and intramolecular cycloaddition, delivering the pharmacologically interesting multisubstituted pyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Liliang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huihui Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yayu Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Street 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Huangdi Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
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11
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Li L, Li JZ, Sun YB, Luo CM, Qiu H, Tang K, Liu H, Wei WT. Visible-Light-Catalyzed Tandem Radical Addition/1,5-Hydrogen Atom Transfer/Cyclization of 2-Alkynylarylethers with Sulfonyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2022; 24:4704-4709. [PMID: 35724683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel visible-light-catalyzed tandem radical addition/1,5-hydrogen atom transfer/cyclization cascade of 2-alkynylarylethers with sulfonyl chlorides in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran was developed under photocatalyst- and additive-free conditions. This reaction relies on unique energy transfer and solvent-radical relay strategies to generate sulfonyl radicals for the preparation of a series of sulfonyl-functionalized dihydrobenzofurans in moderate to high yields catalyzed by visible light or solar radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jiao-Zhe Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yong-Bin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Chun-Mei Luo
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Hui Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Keqi Tang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Hongxin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials & Industrial Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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12
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Chen ZH, Sun RZ, Yao F, Hu XD, Xiang LX, Cong H, Liu WB. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Aryl/Alkenyl-Cyano Cyclization Coupling to All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4776-4782. [PMID: 35263101 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective nickel-catalyzed intramolecular reductive cross-coupling of C(sp2) electrophiles and cyano groups is reported. Enantioenriched CN-containing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters are assembled by desymmetrizing cyclization of aryl/alkenyl halide-tethered malononitriles. The use of an organic reductant, (EtO)2MeSiH, is crucial to the enantioselectivity and reactivity. Applications of the method are demonstrated through the synthesis of bioactive molecules and their cyanated analogues and the total synthesis of the natural product diomuscinone. This study exhibits the potential of desymmetrizing reductive coupling strategies to access structurally rigid and synthetically versatile molecules from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Chen
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Rui-Ze Sun
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xu-Dong Hu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Long-Xue Xiang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Hengjiang Cong
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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13
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Wang G, Shen C, Ren X, Dong K. Ni-Catalyzed enantioselective reductive arylcyanation/cyclization of N-(2-iodo-aryl) acrylamide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1135-1138. [PMID: 34981092 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04996h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Ni/(S,S)-BDPP-catalyzed intramolecular Heck cyclization of N-(2-iodo-aryl) acrylamide with 2-methyl-2-phenylmalononitrile was developed to give oxindoles with good enantioselectivities. We found that utilizing such an electrophilic cyanation reagent could tackle the deleterious effect of the coordinative cyanide ion in the asymmetric alkene arylcyanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Chaoren Shen
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyi Ren
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Kaiwu Dong
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
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14
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Cai J, Cen K, Usman M, Shen W, Liu M, Yang R. A review for the assembly of multi-substituted pyridines via Co-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition with nitriles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7391-7404. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01344d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, many methods for the facile synthesis of pyridines and their derivatives have been developed. The [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction of alkynes and nitriles catalyzed by transition metals...
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15
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Ren X, Wang G, Ji X, Dong K. Synthesis of Two Types of Nitriles Both Bearing Quaternary Carbon Centers in One-Pot Manner. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202107017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Li K, Wei L, Sun M, Li B, Liu M, Li C. Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyridines with All‐Carbon Quaternary Carbon Centers via Cobalt‐Catalyzed Desymmetric [2+2+2] Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Linsheng Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Minghe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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17
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Li K, Wei L, Sun M, Li B, Liu M, Li C. Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyridines with All-Carbon Quaternary Carbon Centers via Cobalt-Catalyzed Desymmetric [2+2+2] Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20204-20209. [PMID: 34213812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A Co-catalyzed enantioselective desymmetric [2+2+2] cycloaddition for synthesis of pyridines with all-carbon quaternary carbon centers has been developed. The regio- and enantioselectivities are controlled by the inherent nature of terminal alkynes and the substituents on the bisoxazolinephosphine ligands. Pyridines with 5-substitutents could be obtained with >20:1 regioselectivity and up to 94 % ee when terminal alkyl, alkenyl or silyl alkynes and DTBM/Ph-based NPN* ligand L6 were used. Terminal aryl alkynes and Ph/Bn-based ligand L4 leads to formation of pyridines with 6-substitutents in up to 99 % ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Linsheng Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Minghe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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18
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Zhang H, Li W, Hu XD, Liu WB. Enantioselective Synthesis of Fused Isocoumarins via Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Alkyne-Tethered Malononitriles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10799-10811. [PMID: 34255511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective palladium-catalyzed annulation of alkyne-tethered malononitriles for the synthesis of 3,4-ring-fused isocoumarins is described. This cascade strategy involves oxypalladation of ortho-alkynylbenzoates and desymmetrizing addition onto one cyano group of the pendant malononitriles, which enables the concurrent construction of two rings and an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter in a single operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Weishuang Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xu-Dong Hu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), and College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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19
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Cho IY, Kim WG, Jeon JH, Lee JW, Seo JK, Seo J, Hong SY. Nickelocene as an Air- and Moisture-Tolerant Precatalyst in the Regioselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted Pyridines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9328-9343. [PMID: 34190562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ni(COD)2-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions to access pyridines have been extensively studied. However, this catalyst typically requires drying procedures and inert-atmosphere techniques for the reactions. Herein, we report operationally simple nickel(0) catalysis to access substituted pyridines from various nitriles and 1,6-diynes without the aid of air-free techniques. The Ni-Xantphos-based catalytic manifold is tolerant to air, moisture, and heat while promoting the [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions with high reaction yields and broad substrate scope. In addition, we disclose that not only the steric effect but also the frontier molecular orbital interactions can play a critical role in determining the regiochemical outcome of nickel-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of substituted pyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Woo Gyum Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Jongcheol Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
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20
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Lei L, Liang YF, Liang C, Qin JK, Pan CX, Su GF, Mo DL. Copper(i)-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of aza-ortho-quinone methides with bicyclic alkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3379-3383. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00319d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient copper(i)-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of aza-ortho-quinone methides (ao-QMs) and bicyclic alkenes to prepare tetrahydroquinoline-fused bicycles bearing multiple stereocenters in good yields is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lei
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
| | - Yu-Feng Liang
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
| | - Cui Liang
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
| | - Jiang-Ke Qin
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
| | - Cheng-Xue Pan
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
| | - Gui-Fa Su
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State key laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
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