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Barbhuiya S, Bhusan Das B, Adak D. Roadmap to a net-zero carbon cement sector: Strategies, innovations and policy imperatives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121052. [PMID: 38704956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The cement industry plays a significant role in global carbon emissions, underscoring the urgent need for measures to transition it toward a net-zero carbon footprint. This paper presents a detailed plan to this end, examining the current state of the cement sector, its carbon output, and the imperative for emission reduction. It delves into various low-CO2 technologies and emerging innovations such as alkali-activated cements, calcium looping, electrification, and bio-inspired materials. Economic and policy factors, including cost assessments and governmental regulations, are considered alongside challenges and potential solutions. Concluding with future prospects, the paper offers recommendations for policymakers, industry players, and researchers, highlighting the roadmap's critical role in achieving a carbon-neutral cement sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Barbhuiya
- Department of Engineering and Construction, University of East London, UK.
| | | | - Dibyendu Adak
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Meghalaya, Shillong, India
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2
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Kamolov A, Turakulov Z, Rejabov S, Díaz-Sainz G, Gómez-Coma L, Norkobilov A, Fallanza M, Irabien A. Decarbonization of Power and Industrial Sectors: The Role of Membrane Processes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:130. [PMID: 36837633 PMCID: PMC9964316 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the single largest contributor to climate change due to its increased emissions since global industrialization began. Carbon Capture, Storage, and Utilization (CCSU) is regarded as a promising strategy to mitigate climate change, reducing the atmospheric concentration of CO2 from power and industrial activities. Post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) is necessary to implement CCSU into existing facilities without changing the combustion block. In this study, the recent research on various PCC technologies is discussed, along with the membrane technology for PCC, emphasizing the different types of membranes and their gas separation performances. Additionally, an overall comparison of membrane separation technology with respect to other PCC methods is implemented based on six different key parameters-CO2 purity and recovery, technological maturity, scalability, environmental concerns, and capital and operational expenditures. In general, membrane separation is found to be the most competitive technique in conventional absorption as long as the highly-performed membrane materials and the technology itself reach the full commercialization stage. Recent updates on the main characteristics of different flue gas streams and the Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of each PCC technology are also provided with a brief discussion of their latest progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizbek Kamolov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Zafar Turakulov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Sarvar Rejabov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Sainz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Lucia Gómez-Coma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Adham Norkobilov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
- Department of Engineering Technologies, Shahrisabz Branch of Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Shahrisabz 181306, Uzbekistan
| | - Marcos Fallanza
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Angel Irabien
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
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Galusnyak SC, Petrescu L, Cormos CC. Environmental impact assessment of post-combustion CO 2 capture technologies applied to cement production plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115908. [PMID: 35961143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Decarbonizing the cement manufacturing sector presents an interesting and pressing challenge as it is one of the largest energy consumers in industry (i.e., 7%), emitting considerable amounts of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (i.e., 7%). This paper performs a technical and environmental assessment of decarbonisation of cement production through process modelling and simulation, thermal integration analysis, and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Integration of three post-combustion capture methods for a conventional cement plant with an annual productivity of one million tons and a carbon capture rate of 90% is evaluated in comparison to the reference case without carbon capture and storage (CCS). Mass and energy balances derived from simulations are used for the assessment of three innovative capture systems: reactive gas-liquid absorption using Methyl-Di-Ethanol-Amine, reactive gas-solid adsorption using calcium looping (CaL) technology and membrane separation. For the LCA study, a "cradle-to-gate" approach is carried out using GaBi software, according to the ReCiPe impact assessment method. The general conclusion is that integrating the CCS methods into the cement production process leads to a decrease in global warming potential (GWP) in the range of 69.91%-76.74%. Of the CCS technologies analysed, CaL technically outperforms the others as it requires 34% less coal and provides 1.6 times higher gross energy efficiency. From an environmental perspective, CaL integration ranks first, with the lowest scores in six of the nine impact categories and a GWP reduction of 76.74% compared to the baseline scenario without CCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Cristian Galusnyak
- Babes - Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos, RO-400028, Cluj - Napoca, Romania.
| | - Letitia Petrescu
- Babes - Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos, RO-400028, Cluj - Napoca, Romania
| | - Calin-Cristian Cormos
- Babes - Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos, RO-400028, Cluj - Napoca, Romania
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4
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Lin X, Song H, Liu Y. Process design and comprehensive comparison of coal- and biomass-fired oxy-combustion power plant. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Multi Objective Optimization of the amines- CO2 Capture Absorption-Desorption Process by a Non-Equilibrium Rate Model. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang Y, Pan Z, Zhang W, Borhani TN, Li R, Zhang Z. Life cycle assessment of combustion-based electricity generation technologies integrated with carbon capture and storage: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112219. [PMID: 34656638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the key technology to reduce CO2 emissions from the conventional power systems. CCS has the flexibility, compatibility, and great potential to reduce emissions when combined with the current energy infrastructure. Through quantifying the environmental benefits of the combustion-based electricity generation system with CCS by life cycle assessment (LCA), decision-makers can grasp the contribution of upstream and downstream processes to various environmental impacts, a better trade-off between climate change and non-climate impact categories. This work reviews the LCA research on the combustion-based electricity generation system integrated with CCS in the past 10 years. These studies show that CCS can reduce the direct CO2 emissions from power plants by nearly 90%. While CCS effectively mitigates climate change, it also increases other environmental impacts to varying degrees and results in energy penalty of 15-44%. The actual greenhouse gas of the power plant is reduced by 40-80%. We further analyze a series of key issues involved in the LCA of the combustion-based electricity generation system integrated with CCS, including the functional unit, basic assumptions, system boundaries and assessment methods. Time span and the leakage need to be considered by researchers in LCA. The perspective of research needs to shift from the specific application of a single CCS to the impact assessment of large-scale deployment, and a single environment or economic discipline to interdisciplinary assessment. It is more cost-effective to realize the coordinated emission reduction between the power plant and the upstream and downstream supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China
| | - Zhen Pan
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China.
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Tohid N Borhani
- School of Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Li
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China
| | - Zhien Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, 401 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Ostovari H, Müller L, Skocek J, Bardow A. From Unavoidable CO 2 Source to CO 2 Sink? A Cement Industry Based on CO 2 Mineralization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5212-5223. [PMID: 33735574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The cement industry emits 7% of the global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the GHG emissions of the cement industry is challenging since cement production stoichiometrically generates CO2 during calcination of limestone. In this work, we propose a pathway towards a carbon-neutral cement industry using CO2 mineralization. CO2 mineralization converts CO2 into a thermodynamically stable solid and byproducts that can potentially substitute cement. Hence, CO2 mineralization could reduce the carbon footprint of the cement industry via two mechanisms: (1) capturing and storing CO2 from the flue gas of the cement plant, and (2) reducing clinker usage by substituting cement. However, CO2 mineralization also generates GHG emissions due to the energy required for overcoming the slow reaction kinetics. We, therefore, analyze the carbon footprint of the combined CO2 mineralization and cement production based on life cycle assessment. Our results show that combined CO2 mineralization and cement production using today's energy mix could reduce the carbon footprint of the cement industry by 44% or even up to 85% considering the theoretical potential. Low-carbon energy or higher blending of mineralization products in cement could enable production of carbon-neutral blended cement. With direct air capture, the blended cement could even become carbon-negative. Thus, our results suggest that developing processes and products for combined CO2 mineralization and cement production could transform the cement industry from an unavoidable CO2 source to a CO2 sink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Ostovari
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Leonard Müller
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Skocek
- Global R&D, HeidelbergCement AG, Oberklamweg 2-4, 69181 Leimen, Germany
| | - André Bardow
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Energy Systems Engineering (IEK-10), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Energy & Process Systems Engineering, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Balsara S, Jain PK, Ramesh A. An integrated methodology to overcome barriers to climate change mitigation strategies: a case of the cement industry in India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20451-20475. [PMID: 33410023 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cement is a basic requirement of today's society and is the only thing that humans consume more volume than water, but cement manufacturing is the most energy- and emission-intensive process. Hence, the cement industry is currently under pressure to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. Climate change mitigation strategies implemented in the industry leads to GHGs reduction, climate risks, pollutants, and another adverse impact on the environment. In order to implement climate change mitigation strategies in the cement industry, a careful analysis of barriers that hinder the emission reduction must be taken. However, most existing research on the barriers to mitigation measures is focused on developed countries. Among the most important emerging economies, India, the second-largest producer and consumer of cement, faces challenges to implement emission reduction measures. To bridge this gap, this paper identifies and evaluates the barriers and solutions to overcome these barriers in the context of India. This study employs a three-phase methodology based on fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to identify barriers and solutions to overcome these barriers to climate change mitigation strategies adoption in Indian cement industry. Fuzzy AHP is employed to prioritize these barriers, and to rank solutions of these barriers, Fuzzy TOPSIS is employed. Ten Indian cement manufacturing industry is taken to illustrate the proposed three-phase methodology. Finally, the result of the analysis offers an effective decision support tool to the Indian cement industry to eliminate and overcome barriers to mitigation strategies adoption and build their green image in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Balsara
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Shri G.S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore, 452003, India.
| | - Pramod K Jain
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
- Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anbanandam Ramesh
- Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
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Abstract
We examined the cost implications of selecting six different types of heat exchangers as the lean/rich heat exchanger in an amine-based CO2 capture process. The difference in total capital cost between different capture plant scenarios due to the different costs of the heat exchangers used as the lean/rich heat exchanger, in each case, is in millions of Euros. The gasketed-plate heat exchanger (G-PHE) saves significant space, and it saves considerable costs. Selecting the G-PHE instead of the shell and tube heat exchangers (STHXs) will save €33 million–€39 million in total capital cost (CAPEX), depending on the type of STHX. About €43 million and €2 million in total installed costs (CAPEX) can be saved if the G-PHE is selected instead of the finned double-pipe heat exchanger (FDP-HX) or welded-plate heat exchanger, respectively. The savings in total annual cost is also in millions of Euros/year. Capture costs of €5/tCO2–€6/tCO2 can be saved by replacing conventional STHXs with the G-PHE, and over €6/tCO2 in the case of the FDP-HX. This is significant, and it indicates the importance of clearly stating the exact type and not just the broad classification of heat exchanger used as lean/rich heat exchanger. This is required for cost estimates to be as accurate as possible and allow for appropriate comparisons with other studies. Therefore, the gasketed-plate heat exchanger is recommended to save substantial costs. The CO2 capture costs of all scenarios are most sensitive to the steam cost. The plate and frame heat exchangers (PHEs) scenario’s capture cost can decline from about €77/tCO2 to €59/tCO2 or rise to €95/tCO2.
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11
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The UK and German Low-Carbon Industry Transitions from a Sectoral Innovation and System Failures Perspective. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13194994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Industrial processes are associated with high amounts of energy consumed and greenhouse gases emitted, stressing the urgent need for low-carbon sectoral transitions. This research reviews the energy-intensive iron and steel, cement and chemicals industries of Germany and the United Kingdom, two major emitting countries with significant activity, yet with different recent orientation. Our socio-technical analysis, based on the Sectoral Innovation Systems and the Systems Failure framework, aims to capture existing and potential drivers of or barriers to diffusion of sustainable industrial technologies and extract implications for policy. Results indicate that actor structures and inconsistent policies have limited low-carbon innovation. A critical factor for the successful decarbonisation of German industry lies in overcoming lobbying and resistance to technological innovation caused by strong networks. By contrast, a key to UK industrial decarbonisation is to drive innovation and investment in the context of an industry in decline and in light of Brexit-related uncertainty.
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12
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Chahal A, Abbas H. Capacity of C4H8Ti4 cluster for adsorption of CO2 and CO: a computational study. J Mol Model 2020; 26:126. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Balsara S, Jain PK, Ramesh A. An integrated approach using AHP and DEMATEL for evaluating climate change mitigation strategies of the Indian cement manufacturing industry. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:863-878. [PMID: 31202139 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Concrete, a cement-based product is the highest manufactured and second highest consumed product after water on earth. Across the world, production of cement is the most energy and emission intensive industry hence, the cement industry is currently under pressure to reduce greenhouse gases emissions (GHGEs). However, reducing the GHGEs of the cement industry especially for developing country like India is not an easy task. Cement manufacturing industry needs to focus on significant climate change mitigation strategies to reduce the GHGEs to sustain its production. This study aims at identifying significant climate change mitigation strategies of the cement manufacturing industry in the context of India. Extant literature review and expert opinion are used to identify climate change mitigation strategies of the cement manufacturing industry. In the present study, a model projects by applying both AHP and DEMATEL techniques to assess the climate change mitigation strategies of the cement industry. The AHP technique help in establishing the priorities of climate change mitigation strategies, while the DEMATEL technique forms the causal relationships among them. Through AHP, the results of this research demonstrate that Fuel emission reduction is on top most priority while the relative importance priority of the main remaining factors is Process emission reduction - Electric energy-related emission - Emission avoidance and reduction - Management mitigation measures. The findings also indicate that the main factors, Process emission reduction, and Fuel emission reduction are categorized in cause group factors, while the remaining factors, Electric energy-related emission, Emission avoidance and reduction and Management mitigation measures are in effect group factors. Present model will help supply chain analysts to develop both short-term and long-term decisive measures for effectively managing and reducing GHGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Balsara
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India; Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Shri G.S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore, India.
| | | | - Anbanandam Ramesh
- Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India.
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14
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Environmental Performance Analysis of Cement Production with CO2 Capture and Storage Technology in a Life-Cycle Perspective. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11092626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy and CO2 intensive industries. With the growth of cement production, CO2 emissions are increasing rapidly too. Carbon capture and storage is the most feasible new technology option to reduce CO2 emissions in the cement industry. More research on environmental impacts is required to provide the theoretical basis for the implementation of carbon capture and storage in cement production. In this paper, GaBi software and scenario analysis were employed to quantitatively analyze and compare the environmental impacts of cement production with and without carbon capture and storage technology, from the perspective of a life-cycle assessment; aiming to promote sustainable development of the cement industry. Results of two carbon capture and storage scenarios show decreases in the impacts of global warming potential and some environmental impacts. However, other scenarios show a significant increase in other environmental impacts. In particular, post-combustion carbon capture technology can bring a more pronounced increase in toxicity potential. Therefore, effective measures must be taken into account to reduce the impact of toxicity when carbon capture and storage is employed in cement production. CO2 transport and storage account for only a small proportion of environmental impacts. For post-combustion carbon capture, most of the environmental impacts come from the unit of combined heat and power and carbon capture, with the background production of MonoEthanolAmine contributing significantly. In combined heat and power plants, natural gas is more advantageous than a 10% coal-saving, and thermal efficiency is a key parameter affecting the environmental impacts. Future research should focus on exploring cleaner and effective absorbents or seeking the alternative fuel in combined heat and power plants for post-combustion carbon capture. If the power industry is the first to deploy carbon capture and storage, oxy-combustion carbon capture is an excellent choice for the cement industry.
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Sadeghi M, Jafari M, Yari M, Mahmoudi S. Exergoeconomic assessment and optimization of a syngas production system with a desired H2/CO ratio based on methane tri-reforming process. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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