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Zhang Y, Xue X, Meng L, Li D, Qiao W, Wang J, Xie D. Roles of autophagy-related genes in the therapeutic effects of Xuanfei Pingchuan capsules on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on transcriptome sequencing analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1123882. [PMID: 37274101 PMCID: PMC10232735 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1123882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Autophagy plays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the effect of Xuanfei Pingchuan capsule (XFPC) on autophagy-related genes of COPD by a bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. Methods: The best treatment duration was screened by CCK8 assays. HBE cells were divided into three groups: blank, CSE and XFPC. After intervened by XFPC, HBE cells were collected and sent to Shenzhen Huada Gene Company for transcriptome sequencing. Subsequently, differential expression analyses, target gene prediction, and function enrichment analyses were carried out. Expression changes were verified in HBE cells by real-time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting (WB). Results: The result of differential expression analysis displayed that 125 target genes of HBE cells were mainly related to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MKK) binding, interleukin 33 binding, 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase activity, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway. Among the target genes, the core genes related to autophagy obtained by maximum neighborhood component algorithm were CSF1, AREG, MAPK9, MAP3K7, and AKT3. RT-qPCR and WB methods were used to verify the result, it showed similar expression changes in CSF1, MAPK9, MAP3K7, and AKT3 in bronchial epithelial cells to those in the bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion: Through transcriptome sequencing and validation analysis, we predicted that CSF1, MAPK9, MAP3K7, and AKT3 may be the potential autophagy-related genes that play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. XFPC may regulate autophagy by down-regulating the expression of CSF1, MAPK9, MAP3K7, and AKT3, thus achieving the purpose of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Chassagnon G, Burgel PR. Mucus Plugs in Medium-sized Airways: A Novel Imaging Biomarker for Phenotyping Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203:932-934. [PMID: 33264069 PMCID: PMC8048760 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202011-4178ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Chassagnon
- Cochin Hospital Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Paris, France
- Université de Paris Paris, France and
| | - Pierre-Régis Burgel
- Cochin Hospital Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016 Université de Paris Paris, France
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Shen MD, Li YW, Xu LQ, Shi HY, Ni YY, Lin HJ, Li F. Role of active cycle of breathing technique for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A pragmatic, randomized clinical trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 117:103880. [PMID: 33540180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While active cycle of breathing technique for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with more sputum can improve clinic outcomes, less is known about sputum viscosity and sputum production of the intervention. OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to explore the effect of active cycle of breathing technique on sputum viscosity and production among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. DESIGN This was a two-arms, parallel, randomized clinical trial. SETTING Study enrollment, randomization and implementation were conducted in the department of respiratory medicine inpatient at the Medical Center in Changchun, China. PARTICIPANTS Hospitalized patients due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who met additional eligibility criteria were randomized to active cycle of breathing technique (n = 50) or usual care group (n = 50). METHODS Patients in the intervention group received a week-long intervention from an experienced physical therapist. Patients in the usual care group received usual care as well as information and advice in the light of their health plan from respiratory medicine. The primary outcome was the changes on sputum viscosity and production. RESULTS Among one hundred patients who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 54.89 [12.06] years; females, 58%), ninety-six participants completed the study. No significant differences were found between two groups on the changes of sputum viscosity (t = 0.277, P = 0.782). And there were insignificant differences between groups in the average amount of sputum among 1 h (Z=-1.848, P = 0.065) and significant differences in the average amount of sputum among 24 h (Z=-2.236, P = 0.025). From admission to one week recovery, the changes in ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (Z=-4.511, P<0.0001) and arterial oxygen saturation (Z=-2.997, P = 0.003) were better in active cycle breathing technique group. Total Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test scale were similar among two groups (Z=-1.818, P = 0.069). No adverse events occurred during the study. CONCLUSION For patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, active cycle of breathing technique can significantly result in sputum production and respiratory function, especially those of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease classification level 3, but did not result in the short-term improvement of sputum viscosity, quality of life and cost effectiveness. Registration number: ChiCTR2000033068.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Shen
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No 965, Xin Jiang Avenue, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Y W Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No 965, Xin Jiang Avenue, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - L Q Xu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No 965, Xin Jiang Avenue, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - H Y Shi
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No 965, Xin Jiang Avenue, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Y Y Ni
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No 965, Xin Jiang Avenue, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - H J Lin
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, No 71, Xinmin Street, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - F Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No 965, Xin Jiang Avenue, 130000 Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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Papi A, Avdeev S, Calverley PMA, Cordeiro CR, Jesenak M, Koblížek V, Petkova D, Rogliani P, Tarraf H, Tzanakis N, Ulmeanu R, Uzaslan E, Adir Y. Use of mucolytics in COPD: A Delphi consensus study. Respir Med 2020; 175:106190. [PMID: 33217537 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND International guidelines recommend mucolytic agents as add-on therapy in selected patients with COPD because they may reduce exacerbations and improve health status. As the evidence varies among mucolytic agents, we used the Delphi method to assess consensus amongst an international panel of COPD experts on mucolytics use in COPD. METHODS 53 COPD experts from 12 countries were asked to complete an online questionnaire and rate their agreement with 15 statements using a 5-point scale. The mucolytic agents evaluated were carbocysteine, erdosteine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Data were collected anonymously and consensus presented using descriptive statistics. RESULTS The 47 respondents reached consensus on the statements. They agreed that regular treatment with mucolytic agents effectively reduces the frequency of exacerbations, reduces the duration of mild-to-moderate exacerbations, and can increase the time to first exacerbation and symptom-free time in COPD patients. Consensus was consistently highest for erdosteine. The experts agreed that all three mucolytics display antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Erdosteine and NAC were thought to improve the efficacy of some classes of antibacterial drugs. All three mucolytics were considered effective for the short-term treatment of symptoms of acute exacerbations when added to other drugs. The panel agreed that approved doses of mucolytic agents have favorable side-effect profiles and can be recommended for regular use in patients with a bronchitic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Consensus findings support the wider use of mucolytic agents as add-on therapy for COPD. However, the differences in pharmacological actions and clinical effectiveness must be considered when deciding which mucolytic to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Papi
- Respiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Sergey Avdeev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter M A Calverley
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Milos Jesenak
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Koblížek
- Pneumology Dept., University Hospital Hradec Králové, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Petkova
- Medical University Varna, Bulgaria; University Hospital St. Marina, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Hesham Tarraf
- Faculty of Medicine, University Medical School, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Esra Uzaslan
- Faculty of Medicine, Pulmonology Dept., Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Yochai Adir
- Pulmonary Division, Lady Davis-Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Choate R, Pasquale CB, Parada NA, Prieto-Centurion V, Mularski RA, Yawn BP. The Burden of Cough and Phlegm in People With COPD: A COPD Patient-Powered Research Network Study. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION 2020; 7:49-59. [PMID: 31999902 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.7.1.2019.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Cough and phlegm are common symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may significantly affect quality of life. This study assessed the burden of cough and phlegm on clinical outcomes and quality of life among people with a self-reported physician diagnosis of COPD. Methods Patient-reported data from the COPD Foundation's Patient-Powered Research Network (COPD PPRN) were utilized. Cough and phlegm severity and frequency were assessed by responses to questions on the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and categorized into none/low, moderate and severe. Quality of life domains were evaluated using the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS-29). Associations between cough and phlegm levels and PROMIS-29 domains were examined using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results The 5286 participants were average age 64.4 years (SD=11.4), 87.9% white, 60.4% female, 51.2% married, and 42.2% with caregivers. Approximately three-fourths of the participants had moderate or severe cough or phlegm levels. Respondents with moderate and high cough or phlegm had significantly worse dyspnea (p<0.0001), more exacerbations in the previous one year (p<0.0001), worse physical and social functioning, and more symptoms of anxiety and depression on PROMIS-29 compared to those with no/low cough and phlegm. Conclusions In this group of people with COPD, higher levels of cough and phlegm are associated with worse clinical and quality of life outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Choate
- Research, COPD Foundation, Inc., Washington, DC.,University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington
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Ansari SF, Memon M, Brohi N, Tahir A. N-acetylcysteine in the Management of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Cureus 2019; 11:e6073. [PMID: 31832291 PMCID: PMC6892576 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable disease of the airways characterized by limited airflow. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) may be precipitated by noxious stimuli. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has mucolytic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. We conducted this study to evaluate the effect of adding high-dose NAC to the protocol treatment of AECOPD. Methods In this single-center, prospective, interventional study, patients admitted with AECOPD, airflow obstruction on spirometry, and who were current smokers with 10 or more packs per year were included after attaining informed consent. NAC granules 600 mg twice daily orally (high dose) were included in the regimen of 25 randomly selected patients and the other 25 were managed without NAC. An improvement in clinical and biochemical markers was observed on day three and day seven. For statistical analysis, SPSS for Windows version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was utilized. Results The study was completed by 21 patients in the NAC group and 19 in the non-NAC group. In the NAC group, there was a significant improvement in the mean partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) both on day three (p=0.03) and day seven (p=0.01). The mean partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was at the borderline in the two groups on day three; however, on day seven, the NAC group showed significantly improved PaCO2 as compared to the non-NAC group (p=0.007). There were significant improvements in oxygen saturation of the NAC group on day seven (p=0.02). There were significant improvements in clinical signs, including wheezing and dyspnea and the need for nasal oxygen support (p≤0.05). Conclusion The addition of 600 mg twice daily NAC (high dose) to the protocol treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD may have beneficial outcomes. In the future, the role of high-dose NAC in AECOPD must be studied through multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials with larger sample sizes in order to either establish or invalidate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeba F Ansari
- Internal Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK
| | | | - Naveed Brohi
- Pulmonology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Amber Tahir
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
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