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Balakrishnan A, Dhaipule NGK, Philip J. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of AISI 202 and 316L stainless steels under manganese-oxidizing biofilms. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:12. [PMID: 38107030 PMCID: PMC10719233 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we study the microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of AISI 316L (1-2% Mn) and AISI 202 (8-12% Mn) in the presence of manganese-oxidizing biofilms. Microbiological and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis on biofilms formed on the surfaces of both the SS materials after exposure to seawater for two months showed the presence of predominant Mn-oxidizing bacteria (MnOB) groups. The Mn contents in the biofilms formed on AISI 202 and 316L were 0.577 and 0.193 ppm, respectively. Mixed biofilms of 11 pure axenic cultures of MnOB isolated and identified from both the SS biofilms were used for MIC studies on SS. Electrochemical studies showed four orders of magnitude high icorr values (1.271 × 10-4 A.cm-2) and the onset of crevice corrosion potentials (502 mV) confirming the localized corrosion of AISI 202 and 316L, respectively, under MnOB biofilms. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis on biotic surfaces showed a reduced Mn content from 10.1 to 7.9 atom.% confirming the Mn oxidation in AISI 202. This study confirms that MnOB biofilms on the SS surfaces can lead to MIC due to biogenic Mn oxidation, depletion of Fe and Mn content, and enrichment of Cr content. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03845-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandkumar Balakrishnan
- Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, 603102 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Kalpakkam, Mumbai, 400094 India
| | - Nanda Gopala Krishna Dhaipule
- Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, 603102 India
| | - John Philip
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Kalpakkam, Mumbai, 400094 India
- Materials Characterization Group, MMG, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, 603102 India
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Esposito A, Borruso L, Rattray JE, Brusetti L, Ahmed E. Taxonomic and functional insights into rock varnish microbiome using shotgun metagenomics. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 95:5626342. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTRock varnish is a microbial habitat, characterised by thin (5–500 μm) and shiny coatings of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) oxides associated with clay minerals. This structure is well studied by geologists, and recently there have been reports about the taxonomical composition of its microbiome. In this study, we investigated the rock varnish microbiome using shotgun metagenomics together with analyses of elemental composition, lipid and small molecule biomarkers, and rock surface analyses to explore the biogeography of microbial communities and their functional features. We report taxa and encoded functions represented in metagenomes retrieved from varnish or non-varnish samples, additionally, eight nearly complete genomes have been reconstructed spanning four phyla (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and TM7). The functional and taxonomic analyses presented in this study provide new insights into the ecosystem dynamics and survival strategies of microbial communities inhabiting varnish and non-varnish rock surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Esposito
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology – CIBIO – University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Luigimaria Borruso
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jayne E Rattray
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Lorenzo Brusetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Engy Ahmed
- Institute of Soil Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Ren G, Yan Y, Nie Y, Lu A, Wu X, Li Y, Wang C, Ding H. Natural Extracellular Electron Transfer Between Semiconducting Minerals and Electroactive Bacterial Communities Occurred on the Rock Varnish. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:293. [PMID: 30886603 PMCID: PMC6410676 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rock varnish is a thin coating enriched with manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) oxides. The mineral composition and formation of rock varnish elicit considerable attention from geologists and microbiologists. However, limited research has been devoted to the semiconducting properties of these Fe/Mn oxides in varnish and relatively little attention is paid to the mineral-microbe interaction under sunlight. In this study, the mineral composition and the bacterial communities on varnish from the Gobi Desert in Xinjiang, China were analyzed. Results of principal components analysis and t-test indicated that more electroactive genera such as Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Dietzia, and Pseudomonas gathered on varnish bacterial communities than on substrate rock and surrounding soils. We then explored the culture of varnish, substrate and soil samples in media and the extracellular electron transfer (EET) between bacterial communities and mineral electrodes under light/dark conditions for the first time. Orthogonal electrochemical experiments demonstrated that the most remarkable photocurrent density of 6.1 ± 0.4 μA/cm2 was observed between varnish electrode and varnish microflora. Finally, based on Raman and 16S rRNA gene-sequencing results, coculture system of birnessite and Pseudomonas (the major Mn oxide and a common electroactive bacterium in varnish) was established to study underlying mechanism. A steadily growing photocurrent (205 μA at 100 h) under light was observed with a stable birnessite after 110 h. However, only 47 μA was generated in the dark control and birnessite was reduced to Mn2+ in 13 h, suggesting that birnessite helped deliver electrons instead of serving as an electron acceptor under light. Our study demonstrated that electroactive bacterial communities were positively correlated with Fe/Mn semiconducting minerals in varnish, and diversified EET process occurred on varnish under sunlight. Overall, these phenomena may influence bacterial-community structure in natural environments over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingchun Yan
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Nie
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Anhuai Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Changqiu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongrui Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Khudur LS, Gleeson DB, Ryan MH, Shahsavari E, Haleyur N, Nugegoda D, Ball AS. Implications of co-contamination with aged heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons on natural attenuation and ecotoxicity in Australian soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:94-102. [PMID: 30172128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The bioremediation of historic industrial contaminated sites is a complex process. Co-contamination, often with lead which was commonly added to gasoline until 16 years ago is one of the biggest challenges affecting the clean-up of these sites. In this study, the effect of heavy metals, as co-contaminant, together with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) is reported, in terms of remaining soil toxicity and the structure of the microbial communities. Contaminated soil samples from a relatively hot and dry climate in Western Australia were collected (n = 27). Analysis of soils showed the presence of both contaminants, TPHs and heavy metals. The Microtox test confirmed that their co-presence elevated the remaining ecotoxicity. Toxicity was correlated with the presence of lead, zinc and TPH (0.893, 0.599 and 0.488), respectively, assessed using Pearson Correlation coefficient factor. Next Generation Sequencing of soil bacterial 16S rRNA, revealed a lack of dominate genera; however, despite the variation in soil type, a few genera including Azospirillum spp. and Conexibacter were present in most soil samples (85% and 82% of all soils, respectively). Likewise, many genera of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were identified in all soil samples. Streptomyces spp. was presented in 93% of the samples with abundance between 7% and 40%. In contrast, Acinetobacter spp. was found in only one sample but was a dominant member of (45%) of the microbial community. In addition, some bacterial genera were correlated to the presence of the heavy metals, such as Geodermatophilus spp., Rhodovibrio spp. and Rubrobacter spp. which were correlated with copper, lead and zinc, respectively. This study concludes that TPH and heavy metal co-contamination significantly elevated the associated toxicity. This is an important consideration when carrying out risk assessment associated with natural attenuation. This study also improves knowledge about the dynamics of microbial communities in mixed contamination scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leadin S Khudur
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
| | - Deirdre B Gleeson
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Megan H Ryan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Nagalakshmi Haleyur
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
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Lang-Yona N, Maier S, Macholdt DS, Müller-Germann I, Yordanova P, Rodriguez-Caballero E, Jochum KP, Al-Amri A, Andreae MO, Fröhlich-Nowoisky J, Weber B. Insights into microbial involvement in desert varnish formation retrieved from metagenomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 10:264-271. [PMID: 29488349 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Desert varnishes are dark rock coatings observed in arid environments and might resemble Mn-rich coatings found on Martian rocks. Their formation mechanism is not fully understood and the possible microbial involvement is under debate. In this study, we applied DNA metagenomic Shotgun sequencing of varnish and surrounding soil to evaluate the composition of the microbial community and its potential metabolic function. We found that the α diversity was lower in varnish compared to soil samples (p value < 0.05), suggesting distinct populations with significantly higher abundance of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria within the varnish. Additionally, we observed increased levels of transition metal metabolic processes in varnish compared to soil samples. Nevertheless, potentially relevant enzymes for varnish formation were detected at low to insignificant levels in both niches, indicating no current direct microbial involvement in Mn oxidation. This finding is supported by quantitative genomic analysis, elemental analysis, fluorescence imaging and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. We thus conclude that the distinct microbial communities detected in desert varnish originate from settled Aeolian microbes, which colonized this nutrient-enriched niche, and discuss possible indirect contributions of microorganisms to the formation of desert varnish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Lang-Yona
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Maier
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dorothea S Macholdt
- Biogeochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Climate Geochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Isabell Müller-Germann
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Petya Yordanova
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Emilio Rodriguez-Caballero
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus P Jochum
- Climate Geochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Abdullah Al-Amri
- Geology and Geophysics Department, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meinrat O Andreae
- Biogeochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Geology and Geophysics Department, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Weber
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Guo J, Zhao L, Lu W, Jia H, Wang L, Liu X, Sun Y. Effect of historical residual hexachlorocyclohexanes and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane on bacterial communities in sediment core collected from an estuary in northeastern China by next-generation sequencing. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 93:68-74. [PMID: 25736815 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the influence of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) on bacterial communities of sediment core from an estuary formed during the period of 1960-2011. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that o,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDD (mitotane), and depth had important influences on bacterial community distributions (p<0.05). Furthermore, our results found variance explained by all variables was 82.9%, while that by o,p'-DDD was 24.4%, and that of o,p'-DDT was 9.8%, indicating that o,p'-DDD had a greater influence on sediment-dwelling bacteria than o,p'-DDT. Also, bacterial diversity was affected and the Shannon index was significantly negatively correlated with total HCHs (r=-0.579, p<0.05) and total DDTs (r=-0.607, p<0.01), respectively. Furthermore, our results showed that Flavobacteria and Clostridia content can be considered an indicator of pollution of HCHs and DDTs in sediment core samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Guo
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Longhao Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Weihong Lu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hongliang Jia
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Luo Wang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xianjie Liu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Yeqing Sun
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, PR China.
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Malhotra J, Aparna K, Dua A, Sangwan N, Trimurtulu N, Rao DLN, Lal R. Microbial and genetic ecology of tropical Vertisols under intensive chemical farming. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:4081. [PMID: 25384370 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There are continued concerns on unscientific usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, particularly in many developing countries leading to adverse consequences for soil biological quality and agricultural sustainability. In farmers' fields in tropical Vertisols of peninsular India, "high" fertilizer and pesticide usage at about 2.3 times the recommended rates in black gram (Vigna mungo) did not have a deleterious effect on the abundance of culturable microorganisms, associative nitrogen fixers, nitrifiers, and 16S rRNA gene diversity compared to normal rates. However, "very high" application at about five times the fertilizers and 1.5 times pesticides in chilies (Capsicum annuum) adversely affected the populations of fungi, actinomycetes, and ammonifiers, along with a drastic change in the eubacterial community profile and diversity over normal rates. Actinobacteria were dominant in black gram normal (BG1) (47%), black gram high (BG2) (36%), and chili normal (CH1) (30%) and were least in chili very high (CH2) (14%). Geodermatophilus formed 20% of Actinobacteria in BG1 but disappeared in BG2, CH1, and CH2. Asticcacaulis dominated at "very high" input site (CH2). Diversity of nitrogen fixers was completely altered; Dechloromonas and Anaeromyxobacter were absent in BG1 but proliferated well in BG2. There was reduction in rhizobial nifH sequences in BG2 by 46%. Phylogenetic differences characterized by UniFrac and principal coordinate analysis showed that BG2 and CH2 clustered together depicting a common pattern of genetic shift, while BG1 and CH1 fell at different axis. Overall, there were adverse consequences of "very high" fertilizer and pesticide usage on soil microbial diversity and function in tropical Vertisols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Malhotra
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
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