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Salem MY, Hassan NY, Fayez YM, ElSabour SA, Ali ES. Simultaneous Determination of Hydrochlorothiazide in Combination with Some Antihypertensive Drugs in The Presence of Its Main Impurities in Pure Form and Pharmaceutical Formulations. CURR PHARM ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666180716161557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is potent diuretic that is used alone or in combination
with other drugs such as labetalol (Lab) (mixtures Ι) or nebivolol (Neb) (mixtures ΙΙ) to control
moderate to sever hypertension.
Introduction:
This paper demonstrates the establishment of different validated spectrophotometric and
chemometric methods for simultaneous estimation of these mixtures in pure form and pharmaceutical
formulations in the presence of HCTZ related impurities in quality control laboratories.
Methods:
(A) Derivative method (D3) of Lab and HCTZ and its related impurities at 245.3nm and
278.5nm respectively, (D1) of Neb and HCTZ at 294.2nm and 282.2nm, respectively. (B) First derivative
of ratio spectra method (DD 1) of Lab at 244.3nm, HCTZ at 261.2nm and 275.4nm, while at 294nm
for Neb and 269.4nm for HCTZ. (C) Ratio difference method which depends on measuring the distinction
between the amplitudes of ratio spectra at 240nm and 288.3nm for Lab and at 270.1nm and
277.4nm for HCTZ for mixture Ι while at 290.4nm and 299.2nm for Neb and at 232.2nm and 254nm for
HCTZ for mixture ΙΙ. (D) Mean centering of ratio spectra (MC) and (E) partial least squares regression
(PLS) and principal component regression (PCR).
Results:
These methods were applied over concentration ranges of 10-100 µg/ml, 10-75 µg/ml and 2.5-
25 µg/ml of Lab, Neb and HCTZ, respectively. Methods were validated according to ICH guidelines
and statistical comparison of results of reported and proposed methods revealed no difference.
Conclusion:
The methods were successfully used for the frequent analysis of selected mixtures in quality
control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maissa Yacuob Salem
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagiba Yehia Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Mohamed Fayez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah Abd ElSabour
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas Shaaban Ali
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Liu M, Chen L, Tian T, Zhang Z, Li X. Identification and Quantitation of Enantiomers by Capillary Electrophoresis and Circular Dichroism Independent of Single Enantiomer Standard. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13803-13809. [PMID: 31591882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Identification and quantitation of enantiomers is a critical and challenging step in the process of chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis, especially when the optically pure enantiomers are expensive or commercially unavailable. Herein, a method of CE in combination with circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy for the identification of enantiomeric peak independent of single enantiomer standard was proposed. By comparing the theoretical CD spectrum of the single enantiomer calculated by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) with the experimental CD spectrum of the enantiomeric mixture, the configuration of the dominant enantiomer in the nonracemic mixture was determined. Considering that the dominant enantiomer showed bigger peak area on the CE electrophoretogram, the enantiomeric peak was easily identified. Three kinds of enantiomers including seven chiral compounds (i.e., tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, Boc-valine, Boc-leucine, ibuprofen, and naproxen) were used to evaluate the reliability of the method. The concentration of the single enantiomer in the mixture can be further accurately quantified based on the total concentration of the mixture and the peak area ratio of a couple of enantiomers, and the accuracy was assessed by taking ibuprofen as an example. The developed CE-CD method provides an alternative tool for the analysis of nonracemic mixture with good ECD signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Lixia Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Tingting Tian
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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3
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Omar MA, Derayea SM, Abdel-Lateef MA, El Hamd MA. Derivatization of labetalol hydrochloride for its spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric determination inhuman plasma: Application to stability study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 190:457-463. [PMID: 28961530 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two simple, selective and accurate methods were developed for the determination of Labetalol hydrochloride in pure form and pharmaceutical tablets. Both methods are based on derivatization of the studied drug with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBDCl) in alkaline medium (pH7.5).The reaction product was measured spectrofluorimetrically at 540nm after excitation at 476nm (method I) or spectrophotometrically at 480nm (method II). The calibration graphs were rectilinear over the concentration ranges of 0.10-2.0 and 1.0-11.0μgmL-1 for methods I and II, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of commercial tablets without interference from common excipients. Furthermore, the spectrofluorimetric method was utilized for the in vitro determination of labetalol in spiked human plasma, with a percent mean recovery (n=3) of 97.80±1.29%. Moreover, the spectrofluorimetric method was extended to examine the stability study of LBT under different stress conditions such as alkaline, acidic, oxidative, photolytic and a thermal degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Omar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Sayed M Derayea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdel-Lateef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
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4
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Delplanques T, Boulahjar R, Charton J, Houze C, Howsam M, Servais AC, Fillet M, Lipka E. Single and dual cyclodextrins systems for the enantiomeric and diastereoisomeric separations of structurally related dihydropyridone analogues. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1922-1931. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Delplanques
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Rajaa Boulahjar
- Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Julie Charton
- Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Corentin Houze
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Michael Howsam
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Faculté de Médecine de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Anne-Catherine Servais
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM); University of Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM); University of Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
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5
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Recent developments in cyclodextrin functionalized monolithic columns for the enantioseparation of chiral drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:110-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Ali I, Suhail M, Al-Othman ZA, Alwarthan A, Aboul-Enein HY. Enantiomeric resolution of multiple chiral centres racemates by capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:683-94. [PMID: 26840015 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomeric resolution of multichiral centre racemates is an important area as some multichiral centre racemates are of great medicinal importance. However, enantioseparation of such types of racemates is a challenging task. Amongst many analytical techniques, capillary electrophoresis is a powerful technique and may be used to resolve such racemates. Only few papers are available describing enantiomeric resolution of such racemates. Therefore, efforts have been made to describe the enantiomeric resolution of multichiral centre racemates by capillary electrophoresis. This article discusses the importance of multichiral racemates, the need for capillary electrophoresis in enantiomeric resolution and chiral resolution of multichiral centre racemates using various chiral selectors. Further, attempts have been made to discuss the future challenges and prospects of enantiomeric resolution of multichiral racemates. The various chiral selectors used for the purpose are chiral crown ether, cyclodextrins, polysaccharides, macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics and ligand exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Suhail
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zeid A Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
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Hamidi S, Jouyban A. Pre-Concentration Approaches Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis in Bioanalysis of Chiral Cardiovascular Drugs. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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8
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Feng Y, Wang T, Jiang Z, Chankvetadze B, Crommen J. Comparative enantiomer affinity pattern of β-blockers in aqueous and nonaqueous CE using single-component anionic cyclodextrins. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1358-64. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research; Department of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research; Department of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zhengjin Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research; Department of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University; Tbilisi Georgia
| | - Jacques Crommen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research; Department of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
- Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Liege; Liege Belgium
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9
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Al-Othman ZA, Al-Warthan A, Alam SD, Ali I. Enantio-separation of drugs with multiple chiral centers by chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1514-24. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid A. Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Warthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Dilshad Alam
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University); New Delhi India
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University); New Delhi India
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10
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Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/9780471980582.ch13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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In situ synthesis of twelve dialkyltartrate–boric acid complexes and two polyols–boric acid complexes and their applications as chiral ion-pair selectors in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1248:182-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Aturki Z, D'Orazio G, Rocco A, Fanali S. Advances in the enantioseparation of β-blocker drugs by capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2602-28. [PMID: 21905049 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
β-Blocker drugs or β-adrenergic blocking agents are an important class of drugs, prescribed with great frequency. They are used for various diseases, particularly for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, cardioprotection after myocardial infarction (heart attack), and hypertension. Almost all β-blocker drugs possess one or more stereogenic centers; however; only some of them are administered as single enantiomers. Since both enantiomers can differ in their pharmacological and toxicological properties, enantioselective analytical methods are required not only for pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies but also for quality control of pharmaceutical preparations with the determination of enantiomeric purity. In addition to the chromatographic tools, in recent years, capillary electromigration techniques (CE, CEC, and MEKC) have been widely used for enantioselective purposes employing a variety of chiral selectors, e.g. CDs, polysaccharides, macrocyclic antibiotics, proteins, chiral ion-paring agents, etc. The high separation efficiency, rapid analysi,s and low consumption of reagents of electromigration methods make them a very attractive alternative to the conventional chromatographic methods. In this review, the development and applications of electrodriven methods for the enantioseparation of β-blocker drugs are reported. The papers concerning this topic, published from January 2000 until December 2010, are summarised here. Particular attention is given to the coupling of chiral CE and CEC methods to MS, as this detector provides high sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Aturki
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca di Roma, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
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13
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Wang LJ, Hu SQ, Guo QL, Yang GL, Chen XG. Di-n-amyl l-tartrate–boric acid complex chiral selector in situ synthesis and its application in chiral nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1300-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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14
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Tang K, Miao J, Zhou T, Liu Y, Song L. Reaction kinetics in reactive extraction for chiral separation of α-cyclohexyl-mandelic acid enantiomers with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2010.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Caslavska J, Thormann W. Stereoselective determination of drugs and metabolites in body fluids, tissues and microsomal preparations by capillary electrophoresis (2000–2010). J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:588-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Tang K, Miao J, Zhou T, Song L. Kinetic study on reactive extraction for chiral separation of phenylsuccinic acid enantiomers. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-4143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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18
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Lipka E, Vaccher MP, Vaccher C, Bonte JP. Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis with Highly Sulfated Cyclodextrins; Resolution of Benzoxazolinone Aminoalcohols, and Aminoketon Precursors, Potential Adrenergic Ligands. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032711003717448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Application of charged single isomer derivatives of cyclodextrins in capillary electrophoresis for chiral analysis. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:953-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mikus P, Maráková K. Advanced CE for chiral analysis of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in biological samples. Electrophoresis 2010; 30:2773-802. [PMID: 19653234 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of recent trends indicates that CE can show real advantages over chromatographic methods in ultratrace enantioselective determination of biologically active compounds in complex biological matrices. It is due to high separation efficiency and many applicable in-capillary electromigration effects in CE (countercurrent migration, stacking effects) enhancing significantly (enantio)separability and enabling effective sample preparation (preconcentration, purification, analyte derivatization). Other possible on-line combinations of CE, such as column coupled CE-CE techniques and implementation of nonelectrophoretic techniques (extraction, membrane filtration, flow injection) into CE, offer additional approaches for highly effective sample preparation and separation. CE matured to a highly flexible and compatible technique enabling its hyphenation with powerful detection systems allowing extremely sensitive detection (e.g. LIF) and/or structural characterization of analytes (e.g. MS). Within the last decade, more as well as less conventional analytical on-line approaches have been effectively utilized in this field and their practical potentialities are demonstrated on many new application examples in this article. Here, three basic areas of (enantioselective) drug bioanalysis are highlighted and supported by a brief theoretical description of each individual approach in a compact review structure (to create integrated view on the topic), including (i) progressive enantioseparation approaches and new enantioselective agents, (ii) in-capillary sample preparation (preconcentration, purification, derivatization), and (iii) detection possibilities related to enhanced sensitivity and structural characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mikus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Carvalho TMDJP, Cavalli RDC, Marques MP, Da Cunha SP, Baraldi CDO, Lanchote VL. Stereoselective analysis of labetalol in human plasma by LC-MS/MS: application to pharmacokinetics. Chirality 2009; 21:738-44. [PMID: 19006203 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Labetalol is clinically available as a mixture of two racemates (four stereoisomers). The stereoisomer (R,R) has as main activity the beta1-antagonism and the stereoisomer (S,R) is highly selective for the alpha1 adrenoceptor and is responsible for most of the alpha-blocker activity. In the present investigation, a method for the analysis of labetalol stereoisomers in human plasma was developed and applied to pharmacokinetic studies. Plasma samples (0.5 ml) were extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether at pH 9.5. The four labetalol stereoisomers were analyzed by LC-MS/MS on a Chirobiotic V column using a mobile phase consisting of methanol, acetic acid, and diethylamine, with a recovery of more than 90% for all four. The quantitation limit was 0.5 ng/ml and linearity was observed at 250 ng/ml plasma for each stereoisomer. Studies of precision and accuracy presented coefficients of variation and percentage inaccuracy of less than 15%, indicating that the method is precise and accurate. The method was applied to the study of the kinetic disposition of labetalol over a period of 12 h after oral administration of a single 100 mg dose to a hypertensive pregnant woman. The clinical study revealed stereoselectivity in the pharmacokinetics of labetalol, with a lower plasma proportion for the active stereoisomers (R,R)-labetalol and (S,R)-labetalol. The stereoselectivity observed after oral administration is due to the hepatic metabolism and the first pass effect, with an AUC(R,R)/AUC(S,S) ratio of 0.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Maria De Jesus Ponte Carvalho
- Department of Clinical, Toxicologic, and Bromatologic Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Simultaneous Determination of Labetalol and Furosemide by First-Derivative Synchronous Spectrofluorimetry. J Fluoresc 2009; 19:817-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-009-0479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Bragg W, Norton D, Shamsi SA. Optimized separation of beta-blockers with multiple chiral centers using capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 875:304-16. [PMID: 18619928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This work focuses on the simultaneous analysis of beta-blockers with multiple stereogenic centers using capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry (CEC-MS) with a vancomycin stationary phase. The critical mobile phase variables (composition of organic solvents, acid/base ratios) as well as column temperature and electric field strength, effecting enantioresolution and analysis time were first optimized sequentially. Next, to achieve global optimum a multivariate D-optimal design was used. Although multivariate approach did not improve enantioresolution any further, analysis time was significantly reduced. Under optimum CEC-MS conditions, all stereoisomers were resolved with resolution in the range 1.0-3.1 in less than 60 min with an average signal-to-noise (S/N) greater than 1000. The developed CEC-MS method has the potential to emerge as a screening method for analysis of multiple chiral compounds using a single protocol using the same column and mobile phase conditions, thus reducing the operation time and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Bragg
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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24
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Lipka E, Vaccher C, Bonte JP, Foulon C. Chiral Separation of Four Piperidinic Benzoxazolinone Compounds by CE and LC. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Lipka E, Vaccher C, Bonte JP. Enantiomeric Resolution of Benzoxazolinonic Aminoalcohols, Potential Adrenergic Ligands, by LC and CE. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Zhang H, Shao H, A Y, Zhang Z. Optimized Conditions of Enantioseparation of β-Blockers by CZE Using Carboxymethyl-β-Cyclodextrin as Chiral Selector. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Juvancz Z, Kendrovics RB, Iványi R, Szente L. The role of cyclodextrins in chiral capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1701-12. [PMID: 18421743 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The members of the enantiomeric pairs frequently show rather different biological effects, so their chiral selective synthesis, pharmacological studies and analysis are necessary. CE has unique advantages in chiral analysis. The most frequently used chiral selectors are CDs in this field. This paper gives a short view on the advantages on CE in direct chiral separations, emphasizing the role of CDs. The reason for the broad selectivity spectra of CDs is discussed in detail. The physical background of chiral selective separations is briefly shown in CE. Their interaction mechanisms are shortly defined. The general trend of their use is statistically evaluated. Most frequently used CDs and CD derivatives are characterized. Advantages of ionizable CDs and single-isomer derivatives are shown. The general trend of their use is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Juvancz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Budapest Tech. Polytechnical Institution, Budapest, Hungary.
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28
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Wang Z, Ouyang J, Baeyens WR. Recent developments of enantioseparation techniques for adrenergic drugs using liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 862:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 10/20/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Dai R, Nie X, Li H, Saeed MK, Deng Y, Yao G. Investigation of β-CD-derivatized erythromycin as chiral selector in CE. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:2566-72. [PMID: 17577196 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble beta-CD-derivatized erythromycin (EM) was synthesized and used as an effective chiral selector for the resolution of chiral compounds in CZE. The purpose of substitution at the primary hydroxyl site of beta-CD with 1-oxygen-2,3-epoxypropane is to produce a compound having functions of both beta-CD and EM. beta-CD-derivatized EM exhibited excellent enantioselectivities compared with single beta-CD and EM for chiral separation in CE. We also investigated the influence of pH and concentration of BGE, concentration of chiral selector, applied potential, and organic modifier on chiral compounds' separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongji Dai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
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30
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Tian K, Chen H, Tang J, Chen X, Hu Z. Enantioseparation of palonosetron hydrochloride by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sodium cholate as chiral selector. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1132:333-6. [PMID: 16999973 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Revised: 08/27/2006] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The enantioseparation of four stereoisomers of palonosetron hydrochloride by micellar electrokinetic chromatography using sodium cholate as chiral surfactant was described. Sodium cholate was shown to be effective in separating palonosetron hydrochloride stereoisomers. For method optimization, several parameters such as sodium cholate concentration, buffer pH and concentration, the types and concentration of organic modifiers and applied voltage, on the enantioseparation were evaluated and the optimum conditions were obtained as follows: 30 mM borate buffer (pH 9.40) containing 70 mM sodium cholate and 20% (v/v) methanol with an applied voltage of 20 kV. Under these conditions, baseline separation of palonosetron hydrochloride stereoisomers was achieved within 18 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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31
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Van Eeckhaut A, Michotte Y. Chiral separations by capillary electrophoresis: Recent developments and applications. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:2880-95. [PMID: 16688697 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the different classes of chiral selectors that are used in CE. The main properties of every class are described, together with the mechanism of enantioseparation. Newly introduced selectors are also discussed. Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications published from January 2004 till March 2005 are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Van Eeckhaut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Pharmaceutical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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32
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Ha PTT, Hoogmartens J, Van Schepdael A. Recent advances in pharmaceutical applications of chiral capillary electrophoresis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:1-11. [PMID: 16516428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2005] [Revised: 01/05/2006] [Accepted: 01/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This review article summarizes developments and applications of chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) in the pharmaceutical field published from January 2004 to June 2005. Due to the tremendous number of publications, this article is aimed to focus on major developments in chiral separations and some selected applications rather than to provide a descriptive overview of all published papers. Valuable information is also collected from several excellent reviews published during this period. Developments are classified according to CE modes, namely capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC), microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC). In the CZE section, different types of chiral selectors including cyclodextrins, oligo- and polysaccharides, crown ethers, macrocyclic antibiotics, ligand exchange systems and proteins are described. Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis is also included in this section. Coupling CE to MS is discussed in a separate part, followed by a summary of selected pharmaceutical applications of enantioselective CE. Finally, some conclusions are drawn and prospects of CE in chiral analysis are also drafted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Thanh Ha
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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