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Chang KC, Chang PJ, Chen JC, Huang SM, Liu SM, Shih CJ, Chen WC. In Vitro Characterizations of Post-Crosslinked Gelatin-Based Microspheres Modified by Phosphatidylcholine or Diammonium Phosphate as Antibiotic Delivery Vehicles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061504. [PMID: 36987284 PMCID: PMC10054754 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel-based microspheres prepared by emulsification have been widely used as drug carriers, but biocompatibility remains a challenging issue. In this study, gelatin was used as the water phase, paraffin oil was used as the oil phase, and Span 80 was used as the surfactant. Microspheres were prepared using a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or phosphatidylcholine (PC) were further used to improve the biocompatibility of post-crosslinked gelatin microspheres. The biocompatibility of DAP-modified microspheres (0.5-10 wt.%) was better than that of PC (5 wt.%). The microspheres soaked in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) lasted up to 26 days before fully degrading. Based on microscopic observation, the microspheres were all spherical and hollow inside. The particle size distribution ranged from 19 μm to 22 μm in diameter. The drug release analysis showed that the antibiotic gentamicin loaded on the microspheres was released in a large amount within 2 h of soaking in PBS. It was stabilized until the amount of microspheres integrated was significantly reduced after soaking for 16 days and then released again to form a two-stage drug release curve. In vitro experiments showed that DAP-modified microspheres at concentrations less than 5 wt.% had no cytotoxicity. Antibiotic-impregnated and DAP-modified microspheres had good antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, but these drug-impregnated groups hinder the biocompatibility of hydrogel microspheres. The developed drug carrier can be combined with other biomaterial matrices to form a composite for delivering drugs directly to the affected area in the future to achieve local therapeutic effects and improve the bioavailability of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chi Chang
- Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jheng Chang
- Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chih Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Meng Huang
- Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Liu
- Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jen Shih
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Clapis JR, Fan MJ, Kovarik ML. Supported bilayer membranes for reducing cell adhesion in microfluidic devices. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1535-1540. [PMID: 33690748 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The high surface area-to-volume ratio of microfluidic channels makes them susceptible to fouling and clogging when used for biological analyses, including cell-based assays. We evaluated the role of electrostatic and van der Waals interactions in cell adhesion in PDMS microchannels coated with supported lipid bilayers and identified conditions that resulted in minimal cell adhesion. For low ionic strength buffer, optimum results were obtained for a zwitterionic coating of pure egg phosphatidylcholine; for a rich growth medium, the best results were obtained for zwitterionic bilayers or those with slight negative or moderate positive charge from the incorporation of 5-10 mol% egg phosphatidylglycerol or 30 mol% ethylphosphocholine. In both solutions, the presence of 10 g L-1 glucose in the cell suspension reduced cell adhesion. Under optimum conditions, all cells were consistently removed from the channels, demonstrating the utility of these coatings for whole-cell microfluidic assays. These results provide practical information for immediate application and suggest future research areas on cell-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Clapis
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity College, 300 Summit St., Hartford, CT 06106, USA.
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Huang Z, Du Y, Li X, Sun X, Feng Z, Ma X. Enantioseparation of basic drugs by capillary electrochromatography using a stationary phase of transfersomes. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zijie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
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Duša F, Chen W, Witos J, Wiedmer SK. Nanoplasmonic Sensing and Capillary Electrophoresis for Fast Screening of Interactions between Phosphatidylcholine Biomembranes and Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:5889-5900. [PMID: 29715032 PMCID: PMC6150717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic sensing (NPS), based on localized surface plasmon resonance, with sensors composed of glass covered with golden nanodisks and overlaid with a SiO2 coating was applied in this study. Egg phosphatidylcholine (eggPC), being an easily accessible membrane-forming lipid, was used for preparation of biomimicking membranes. Small unilamellar vesicles with an approximate hydrodynamic diameter of 30 nm, formed by sonication in 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid buffer, were adsorbed within 10 min on the sensor surface either as intact vesicles or as a planar bilayer. The adsorbed biomembrane systems were further utilized for interaction studies with four different well-known surfactants (negatively and positively charged, zwitterionic, and nonionic) and each surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Our results allowed the evaluation of different NPS patterns for every particular supported membrane system, surfactant, and its concentration. The most significant effect on the membrane was achieved upon the introduction of zwitterionic surfactant micelles, which in fact completely solubilized and removed the lipid membranes from the sensor surface. Other surfactant micelles interacted with the membranes and formed mixed structures remaining on the sensor surface. The studies performed at the concentrations below the CMCs of the surfactants showed that different mixed systems were formed. Depending on the supported membrane system and the type of surfactant, the mixed systems indicated different formation kinetics. Additionally, the final water rinse revealed the stability of the formed systems. To investigate the effect of the studied surfactants on the overall surface charge of the biomembrane, capillary electrophoresis (CE) experiments were carried out in parallel with the NPS analysis. The electroosmotic flow mobility of an eggPC-coated fused silica capillary was used to measure the total surface charge of the biomembrane after its treatment with the surfactants. Our results indicated in general good correlation between CE and NPS data. However, some discrepancies were seen while applying either zwitterionic or positively charged surfactants. This confirmed that CE analysis was able to provide additional data about the investigated systems. Taken together, the combination of NPS and CE proved to be an efficient way to describe the nature of interactions between biomimicking membranes and amphiphilic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Duša
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Wen Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanna Witos
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Susanne K. Wiedmer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Polymerized phospholipid bilayers as permanent coatings for small amine separations using mixed aqueous/organic capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:80-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Capillary ion electrophoresis of inorganic anions and uric acid in human saliva using a polyvinyl alcohol coated capillary column and hexamethonium chloride as additive of background electrolyte. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 887-888:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Mori M, Kaseda M, Yamamoto T, Yamada S, Itabashi H. Capillary ion electrophoresis–capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection of inorganic cations in human saliva on a polyvinyl alcohol-coated capillary. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 402:2425-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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9
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MacDonald AM, Bahnasy MF, Lucy CA. A modified supported bilayer/diblock polymer – Working towards a tunable coating for capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:178-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 10/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Mei J, Tian YP, He W, Xiao YX, Wei J, Feng YQ. Preparation approaches of the coated capillaries with liposomes in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:6979-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Martma K, Fernaeus SZ, Land T, Shimmo R. New capillary coatings in open tubular CEC as models for biological membranes. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:1586-9. [PMID: 20358541 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Novel stationary phases in open tubular CEC were investigated. The coating procedure was fast and simple. The coating material contained membrane suspension of different neuronal cell lines. The performance and stability of three cell lines: human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, murine microglia Bv-2 and human glioma U87-MG cells were studied. The coating solution was expected to contain both membrane proteins and membrane lipids. The presence of membrane proteins was tested by Western blotting and the presence of phospholipids by the analysis of phosphorus content. The stability of the coating was estimated by monitoring the mobility of EOF over successive runs. The effects of pH, storage time and temperature on the coating stability were also studied. The results showed that the cell membrane-based coating was stable over pH range of 6.5-8.5. Coatings derived from different cells yielded similar stability and EOF mobility. Capillary coated with a membrane solution was stable over 3-day period. The same coating solution could be used for 3 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kert Martma
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
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12
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Bachmann S, Vallant R, Bakry R, Huck CW, Corradini D, Bonn GK. CE coupled to MALDI with novel covalently coated capillaries. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:618-29. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Martma K, Fernaeus SZ, Land T, Shimmo R. Study of cell membrane based coatings in capillary electrochromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Stutz H. Protein attachment onto silica surfaces - a survey of molecular fundamentals, resulting effects and novel preventive strategies in CE. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2032-61. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Jurcic K, Yeung KKC. Sphingomyelins as semi-permanent capillary coatings for protein separations in CE and off-line analysis with MALDI-MS. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1817-27. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Yin J, Song Y, Wang Z, Wang H. Fabrication and fluorescence imaging of human low-density lipoprotein coatings for highly efficient capillary electrophoresis separation of basic proteins. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1362-71. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Mei J, Xu J, Xiao Y, Liao X, Qiu G, Feng Y. A novel covalent coupling method for coating of capillaries with liposomes in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3825-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jian‐Rong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yu‐Xiu Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Guo‐Fu Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yu‐Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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18
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Wiking L, Larsen T, Sehested J. Transfer of dietary zinc and fat to milk--evaluation of milk fat quality, milk fat precursors, and mastitis indicators. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:1544-51. [PMID: 18349247 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated that the zinc concentration in bovine milk and blood plasma is significantly affected by the intake of saturated fat supplements. Sixteen Holstein cows were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 4 periods of 12 d, and 4 dietary treatments were conducted. A total mixed ration based on corn silage, grass-clover silages, and pelleted sugar beet pulp was used on all treatments. A high de novo milk fat diet was formulated by adding rapeseed meal and molasses in the total mixed ration [39 mg of Zn/kg of dry matter (DM)], and a low de novo diet by adding saturated fat, fat-rich rapeseed cake, and corn (34 mg of Zn/kg of DM). Dietary Zn levels were increased by addition of ZnO to 83 and 80 mg of Zn/kg of DM. Treatments did not affect daily DM intake, or yield of energy-corrected milk, milk fat, or milk protein. The high de novo diet significantly increased milk fat percentage and milk content of fatty acids with chain length from C6 to C16, and decreased content of C18 and C18:1. Treatments did not influence milk free fatty acids at 4 degrees C at 0 or 28 h after milking. The average diameter of milk fat globules was significantly greater in milk from cows offered low de novo diets. Furthermore, the low de novo diet significantly increased the concentration of nonesterified fatty acids and d-beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood plasma, the latter was also increased in milk. Treatments did not affect the enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase and N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase in milk or the activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase in blood plasma. The low de novo diet significantly increased plasma Zn and milk Zn content, whereas dietary Zn level did not in itself influence these parameters. This indicates that the transfer of fat from diet to milk might facilitate transfer of Zn from diet to milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wiking
- Department of Food Science, Welfare and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Aarhus, Research Centre Foulum, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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Lucy CA, MacDonald AM, Gulcev MD. Non-covalent capillary coatings for protein separations in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1184:81-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2007] [Revised: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gulcev MD, Lucy CA. Factors Affecting the Behavior and Effectiveness of Phospholipid Bilayer Coatings for Capillary Electrophoretic Separations of Basic Proteins. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1806-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702408u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makedonka D. Gulcev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Charles A. Lucy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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22
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Hautala JT, Riekkola ML, Wiedmer SK. Anionic phospholipid coatings in capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1150:339-47. [PMID: 16945379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2006] [Revised: 08/02/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anionic phospholipids phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) were examined for their effect on 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (POPC)-containing liposomes used as coating material in capillary electrochromatography. Liposome solvent was N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (HEPES) buffer at pH 7.4 with and without 3 mM of CaCl2. The background electrolyte solution was HEPES buffer at pH 7.4. The net charge, size, and short-term stability of the liposomes were measured with a Zetasizer. Results showed that calcium interacts with all liposomes but most strongly with POPC/PA. The relative migration times, retention factors, and resolution of the model analytes (one cationic, three uncharged ions, and one anionic) were studied. All liposomes successfully coated the silica capillary. Without calcium the strongest interaction and best separation of the analytes were with the POPC/PI and POPC/PS coatings, while interactions with the POPC/PA coating were weak. Calcium enhanced the interactions of the model analytes with all coatings, and the interactions were then strongest with the POPC/PA coating. In the presence of calcium there appears to be a slight reorganization of the coating with increasing number of runs. Our results indicate strong interactions between calcium and the phosphate groups in phospholipids and demonstrate the significant role of the phospholipid polar head group in phospholipid coatings on silica surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari T Hautala
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Mansfield E, Ross EE, Aspinwall CA. Preparation and characterization of cross-linked phospholipid bilayer capillary coatings for protein separations. Anal Chem 2007; 79:3135-41. [PMID: 17373774 PMCID: PMC2665996 DOI: 10.1021/ac0618829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of protein and peptide mixtures via capillary electrophoresis is hindered by nonspecific adsorption of analytes to the capillary walls, resulting in poor separations and quantitative reproducibility. Phospholipid bilayer (PLB) coatings are very promising for improving protein and peptide separations due to the native resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption offered by PLBs; however, these coatings display limited chemical and temporal stability. Here, we show the preparation and characterization of a highly cross-linked, polymerized phospholipid capillary coating prepared using bis-SorbPC. Poly(bis-SorbPC) PLB coatings are prepared in situ within fully enclosed fused silica capillaries via self-assembly and radical polymerization. Polymerization of the PLB coating stabilizes the membrane against desorption from the surface and migration in an electric field, improves the temporal and chemical stability, and allows for the separation of both cationic and anionic proteins, while preserving the native resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption of natural PLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Craig A. Aspinwall
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: ; 520-621-6338 (phone) 520-621-8407 (fax)
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24
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Lindén MV, Holopainen JM, Laukkanen A, Riekkola ML, Wiedmer SK. Cholesterol-rich membrane coatings for interaction studies in capillary electrophoresis: Application to red blood cell lipid extracts. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:3988-98. [PMID: 16983633 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose was to develop a stable biological membrane coating for CE useful for membrane interaction studies. The effect of cholesterol (chol) on the stability of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and sphingomyelin (SM) coatings was studied. In addition, a fused-silica capillary for CE was coated with human red blood cell (RBC) ghost lipids. Liposomes prepared of DPPC/SM with and without chol or RBC ghost lipids were flushed through the capillary and the stability of the coating was measured electrophoretically. Similar mixtures of DPPC/SM with and without chol were further studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The presence of phosphatidylcholine as a basic component in the coating solution of DPPC/SM/chol was found to be essential to achieve a good and stable coating. The results also confirmed the stability of coatings obtained with solutions of DPPC with 0-30 mol% of chol and SM in different ratios, which more closely resemble natural membranes. Finally, the electrophoretic measurements revealed that a stable coating is formed when capillaries are coated with liposomes of RBC ghost lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Lindén
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Huang YF, Huang CC, Hu CC, Chang HT. Capillary electrophoresis-based separation techniques for the analysis of proteins. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:3503-22. [PMID: 16927348 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
CE offers the advantages of high speed, great efficiency, as well as the requirement of minimum amounts of sample and buffer for the analysis of proteins. In this review, we summarize the CE-based techniques coupled with absorption, LIF, and MS detection systems for the analysis of proteins mostly within the past 5 years. The basic principle of each technique and its advantages and disadvantages for protein analysis are discussed in brief. Advanced CE techniques, including on-column concentration techniques and high-efficiency multidimensional separation techniques, for high-throughput protein profiling of complex biological samples and/or of single cells are emphasized. Although the developed techniques provide improved peak capacity, they have not become practical tools for proteomics, mainly because of poor reproducibility, low-sample lading capacity, and low throughput due to ineffective interfaces between two separation dimensions and that between separation and MS systems. In order to identify the complexities and dynamics of the proteomes expressed by cells, tissues, or organisms, techniques providing improved analytical sensitivity, throughput, and dynamic ranges are still demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Puerta A, Axén J, Söderberg L, Bergquist J. Novel adsorptive polyamine coating for enhanced capillary electrophoresis of basic proteins and peptides. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 838:113-21. [PMID: 16714157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2006] [Revised: 04/06/2006] [Accepted: 04/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In capillary electrophoresis (CE), the anionic and hydrophobic nature of the fused-silica capillary surface has long been known to present a problem in protein and peptide analysis. The use of capillary surface coating is one of the approaches to avoid the analyte-wall interactions. In this study, a new polymer, poly-LA 313, has been synthesized, physico-chemical characterized, and applied as polyamine coating for CE separations. The coating process is highly reproducible and provides fast separations of peptides and proteins in a few minutes and with high efficiency. The physically adsorbed polymer gives rise to a durable coating in the range of pH 2-10, in the presence of organic modifiers (acetonitrile and methanol) and with complex biological samples. The efficiency of the new cationic polymer was also tested performing protein and peptide separations with capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Puerta
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, PO Box 599, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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Bilek G, Kremser L, Blaas D, Kenndler E. Analysis of liposomes by capillary electrophoresis and their use as carrier in electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 841:38-51. [PMID: 16682264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Revised: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This contribution reviews work about liposomes in the context of electrically driven separation methods in the capillary format. The discussion covers four topics. The one broaches the application of liposomes as pseudo-stationary phases or carriers in vesicle or liposome electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) in the way as microemulsions and micelles are used; it includes the chromatographic use of liposomal bilayers as stationary phases attached to the wall for capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The second topic is the characterization and separation of liposomes as analytes by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Then the determination of distribution coefficients and binding constants between liposomes and ligands is discussed, and finally work dealing with peptides and proteins are reviewed with lipid bilayers as constituents of the electrically driven separation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bilek
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
This review article with 304 references describes recent developments in CE of proteins, and covers the two years since the previous review (Hutterer, K., Dolník, V., Electrophoresis 2003, 24, 3998-4012) through Spring 2005. It covers topics related to CE of proteins, including modeling of the electrophoretic migration of proteins, sample pretreatment, wall coatings, improving separation, various forms of detection, special electrophoretic techniques such as affinity CE, CIEF, and applications of CE to the analysis of proteins in real-world samples including human body fluids, food and agricultural samples, protein pharmaceuticals, and recombinant protein preparations.
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Wiedmer SK, Jussila M, Hakala RMS, Pystynen KH, Riekkola ML. Piperazine-based buffers for liposome coating of capillaries for electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:1920-7. [PMID: 15825220 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Anionic liposomes can be coated on fused-silica capillaries for electrophoresis in the presence of N-(hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (HEPES) as background electrolyte (BGE) solution. In this work, the interaction of various compounds with zwitterionic and anionic phospholipid coatings was studied with HEPES at pH 7.4 as BGE solution. The chromatographic and electrophoretic behavior of three test sample solutions (anionic, cationic, and neutral) was investigated for evaluation of the phospholipid coatings. Our results show that hydrophobic interactions between analytes and the phospholipid coating are important for the migration of charged analytes. In addition, the performances of other piperazine-based buffers, i.e., N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid), piperazine-N,N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid), and piperazine-N,N'-bis(hydroxypropane sulfonic acid), at pH 7.4, as liposome solvent and BGE solution were evaluated and compared with the performance of HEPES at pH 7.4. The anionic liposome solution comprised 80/20 mol% phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine. A simple test solution was selected and the chromatographic and electrophoretic migration behavior of the analytes was evaluated. The results show that, in addition to HEPES, other piperazine-based buffers at pH 7.4 are suitable for coating of fused-silica capillaries with anionic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne K Wiedmer
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Finland.
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