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Mustafa MS, Mohammad NN, Radha FH, Kayani KF, Ghareeb HO, Mohammed SJ. Eco-friendly spectrophotometric methods for concurrent analysis of phenol, 2-aminophenol, and 4-aminophenol in ternary mixtures and water samples: assessment of environmental sustainability. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16045-16055. [PMID: 38765477 PMCID: PMC11100304 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been a high demand for green procedures in analytical chemistry, particularly those utilizing eco-friendly solvents. In this context, three feasible derivative UV spectrophotometric methods namely, derivative ratio-zero crossing spectra (DRZCS), double divisor ratio spectra (DDRS), and successive derivative subtraction coupled with constant multiplication (SDS-CM) were developed to quantify a ternary mixture of phenol (P), 2-aminophenol (2-AP), and 4-aminophenol (4-AP) in real water samples simultaneously, using ethanol as a solvent. The established methods demonstrated a good linear range, covering 2-60 μg mL-1 for P and 2-50 μg mL-1 for 2-AP and 4-AP, in all approaches with a high correlation coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.9995). In compliance with ICH guidelines, the methods exhibited acceptable precision and accuracy, as indicated by good spike recovery with low relative standard deviations. The eco-friendliness of the UV spectrophotometric approach was assessed using analytical eco-scale (AES), analytical greenness (AGREE), and analytical greenness metrics for sample preparation (AGREEprep). These evaluations confirmed the eco-friendliness of the proposed methods in terms of solvents, energy consumption, and waste generation. The proposed procedure proved to be efficient in quantifying each component in laboratory-synthesized mixtures and real water samples, thanks to its simplicity, accuracy, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
| | - Nian N Mohammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology Sulaimani City Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Fuad H Radha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
| | - Kawan F Kayani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Charmo University Peshawa Street, Chamchamal Sulaymaniyah City 46023 Iraq
- Department of Pharmacy, Kurdistan Technical Institute Sulaymaniyah City Iraq
| | - Hewa O Ghareeb
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
| | - Sewara J Mohammed
- Anesthesia Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya Sulaimaniya Kurdistan Region 46001 Iraq
- Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government Qlyasan Street Sulaymaniyah 46001 Iraq
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Malinowski S, Wardak M, Wardak C. Effect of Modification of a Laccase-Based Electrochemical Biosensor with Carbon Nanotubes on Signal Separation of Dihydroxybenzene Isomers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38330267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This work describes a new electrochemical biosensor for the simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone. A laccase biorecognition layer was deposited using an innovative soft plasma polymerization technique onto a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to sufficiently separate catechol (CT) and hydroquinone (HQ) oxidation peaks. The electrochemical analysis carried out for MWCNTs with various morphologies was supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations showing differences in the electronic structures of both dihydroxybenzene isomers and the MWCNTs forming the biosensor interlayer. The best biosensor peak separation and biosensor analytical parameters were observed for the device containing 75 μg of MWCNTs with a higher internal diameter. For this laccase-based biosensor, a linearity range from 0.1 to 57 μM for catechol and 0.5 to 57 μM for hydroquinone as well as a sensitivity of 0.56 and 0.54 μA/μM for catechol and hydroquinone was observed, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) values were 0.028 and 0.15 μM for CT and HQ, respectively. This biosensor was also characterized by good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. It was successfully applied for the quantification of contaminants in the analysis of natural water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Malinowski
- Department of Construction Materials Engineering and Geoengineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wardak
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Cecylia Wardak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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Pokryshkin SA, Kosyakov DS, Kozhevnikov AY, Lakhmanov DE, Ul’yanovskii NV. Highly Sensitive Determination of Chlorophenols in Sea Water by Gas Chromatography−Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934818100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Gras K, Luong J, Gras R, Shellie RA. Trace-level screening of dichlorophenols in processed dairy milk by headspace gas chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3957-3963. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaelyn Gras
- Department of Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta
| | - Jim Luong
- Dow Chemical Canada ULC; Fort Saskatchewan Alberta Canada
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Ronda Gras
- Dow Chemical Canada ULC; Fort Saskatchewan Alberta Canada
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech); University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Robert A. Shellie
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech); University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- Trajan Scientific and Medical; Victoria Australia
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Lee T, Park KY, Pyo D. Determination of phenol using solid-phase extraction and HPLC/MSD/FLD in water. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.5806/ast.2015.28.6.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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6
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Mayorga-Martinez CC, Pino F, Kurbanoglu S, Rivas L, Ozkan SA, Merkoçi A. Iridium oxide nanoparticle induced dual catalytic/inhibition based detection of phenol and pesticide compounds. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2233-2239. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21765e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a tyrosinase biosensor based on iridium oxide nanoparticles for induced dual catalytic/inhibition for detection of phenol and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group
- ICN2-Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
- Barcelona, Spain
| | - Flavio Pino
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group
- ICN2-Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
- Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group
- ICN2-Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
- Barcelona, Spain
- Ankara University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Lourdes Rivas
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group
- ICN2-Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
- Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sibel A. Ozkan
- Ankara University
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group
- ICN2-Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
- Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA
- Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Vuković J, Jurišić Grubešić R, Kremeŕ D, Spaić A. One-step solid-phase UV spectrophotometric method for phenol determination in vaccines: Development and quality assessment. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934813120137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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VUKOVIC J, MATSUOKA S, YOSHIMURA K, JURIŠIC GRUBEŠIC R, KREMER D, ŠANTIC N. Development and Validation of a Sensitive and Fast Solid-phase Spectrophotometric Procedure for Phenol Determination in Pharmaceuticals. ANAL SCI 2012; 28:397-402. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.28.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jadranka VUKOVIC
- Department of Analytics and Control of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb
| | - Shiro MATSUOKA
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Niigata University
| | | | - Renata JURIŠIC GRUBEŠIC
- Department of Analytics and Control of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb
| | - Dario KREMER
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany with Fran Kušan Botanical Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb
| | - Nataša ŠANTIC
- Department of Analytics and Control of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb
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Fontana AR, Muñoz de Toro M, Altamirano JC. One-step derivatization and preconcentration microextraction technique for determination of bisphenol A in beverage samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:3559-65. [PMID: 21381775 DOI: 10.1021/jf104622x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple technique based on ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction in situ derivatization (USAEME-ISD) is proposed for the one-step derivatization, extraction, and preconcentration of bisphenol A (BPA) in beverage samples prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. BPA was in situ derivatized with acetic anhydride and simultaneously extracted and preconcentrated by using USAEME. Variables affecting the extraction efficiency of BPA were evaluated. Under optimal experimental conditions, the detection limit (LOD) was 38 ng L(-1) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value of 11.6%. The linear working range was 100-1250 ng L(-1), and the coefficient of estimation (r(2)) of the calibration curve was ≥0.9971. The robustness of the proposed methodology was probed by developing a recovery study at two concentrations (125 and 500 ng L(-1)) over different beverage samples. This study led to a satisfactory result achieving recoveries of ≥82%, which showed acceptable robustness for determination of nanograms per liter of BPA in samples of food safety interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel R Fontana
- Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo en Química Analítica (QUIANID), LISAMEN-CCT-CONICET-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
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Andreev YA, Chernov’yants MS. Gas chromatographic determination of polychlorophenols after derivatization with monochloroacetic anhydride. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934810100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Determination of volatile monophenols in beer using acetylation and headspace solid-phase microextraction in combination with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 676:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Poerschmann J, Trommler U. Pathways of advanced oxidation of phenol by Fenton's reagent—Identification of oxidative coupling intermediates by extractive acetylation. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:5570-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Wang SL, Wang P, Fan CQ. Determination of particulate and gaseous phthalic acid esters in ambient air by large-volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING : JEM 2009; 11:882-6. [PMID: 19557244 DOI: 10.1039/b816880f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and effective analytical method has been optimized and validated for the determination of particulate and gaseous phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in ambient air. The samples were Soxhlet extracted with an n-hexane-dichloromethane-methanol mixture (1:1:1, volume ratio), and analyzed using large-volume injection coupled to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LVI-GC-MS) system. Standard sample linearity in the range of 0.02 approximately 5 microg L(-1) provides regression coefficients (R(2)) better than 0.995. Limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were at the microg L(-1) level. Because the air sample volumes were 360 m(3), the accuracy and precision for the PAE concentrations at the pg m(-3) level were guaranteed. This sensitivity is much higher than the conventional 2 microL splitless injection and is suitable for the detection of ultra-trace PAEs in complex air matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, PR China
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Li Y, Whitaker JS, McCarty CL. New Advances in Large-Volume Injection Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070902956360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Li
- a Underwriters Laboratories Inc. , South Bend, Indiana, USA
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16
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Use of a programmed temperature vaporizer and an in situ derivatization reaction to improve sensitivity in headspace-gas chromatography. Application to the analysis of chlorophenols in water. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:1192-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Cledera-Castro M, Santos-Montes A, Izquierdo-Hornillos R, Gonzalo-Lumbreras R. Comparison of the performance of different reversed-phase columns for liquid chromatography separation of 11 pollutant phenols. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:699-707. [PMID: 17461109 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A systematic optimization of the HPLC separation of a mixture containing 11 pollutant phenols (PPs) using a Hypersil ODS (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column and UV-DAD detection has been carried out. The binary mobile phases used were obtained by mixing 50 mM phosphate (pH = 3.0) and methanol, ACN, or THF as organic modifiers. After selecting ACN as an organic modifier, the effects of pH and temperature on PPs separation were studied. A mobile phase of 50 mM acetate (pH = 5.0)-ACN (60:40 v/v) at 50 degrees C allowed the separation of 11 phenols but not to baseline in 17 min. To improve the performance of this separation, the following RP columns were tested: Luna C18 (2), Purospher C18, Synergi C12, Synergi Fusion C18, Gemini C18, Luna Cyano, Lichrospher C8, and Envirosep-PP (polymeric). In all the cases, the performance (analysis time, retention, selectivity, resolution, asymmetry factors, and efficiency) was evaluated. A further reoptimization of the mobile phase was carried out for all the columns by studying the ACN content and pH, with the aim of improving the above-mentioned separations and selecting the most suitable one for PPs analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cledera-Castro
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Técnica, Superior de Ingenieria, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
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Moldoveanu SC, Kiser M. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry versus liquid chromatography/fluorescence detection in the analysis of phenols in mainstream cigarette smoke. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1141:90-7. [PMID: 17182049 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 11/28/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) technique for the analysis of hydroxybenzenes (phenols) in mainstream cigarette smoke has been developed. The technique allows the measurement of 24 individual compounds, and the sum of a few other alkyl-dihydroxybenzenes. A critical evaluation is done for the new technique and for an established high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) technique reported in the literature for the analysis of hydroxybenzenes in cigarette smoke, which uses fluorescence detection. Compared with the HPLC procedure, the new technique has similar accuracy, precision, and robustness. However, the GC/MS procedure allows for a larger number of phenols to be analyzed simultaneously, and eliminates any potential interference that may appear in the HPLC method. Using the GC/MS analysis, it was found that besides the main phenols typically measured in mainstream cigarette smoke such as phenol, catechol, hydroquinone, and cresols, many other phenols that are present at lower levels can be quantitated in mainstream cigarette smoke.
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Paik MJ, Choi Y, Kim KR. Simultaneous profiling analysis of alkylphenols and amines by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2005; 40:1390-401. [PMID: 16237664 DOI: 10.1002/jms.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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21
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Bailey R. Injectors for capillary gas chromatography and their application to environmental analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 7:1054-8. [PMID: 16252052 DOI: 10.1039/b508334f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of different injectors in capillary gas chromatography (GC) analysis of semi-volatile organic contaminants in environmental samples prepared in organic solvents is reviewed. The injectors examined include a split/splitless injector in splitless mode (SS), cold on-column (COC), and programmable temperature vaporizer (PTV) and adaptations of these injector designs. Key issues when selecting an injector include properties of the analyte, such as potential for thermal degradation or discrimination of high boiling point compounds within the injector, and the ability of the GC systems to handle large volume injections (LVI) primarily to lower detection limits and allow direct coupling with sample preparation techniques such as at-line or on-line solid phase extraction (SPE). LVI also require consideration of matrix interference issues. This review examines only injector chamber modifications that are feasible with a standard GC configuration, however some modifications to the chromatographic system to extend the range of applicability of gas chromatography analysis for environmental samples are also noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bailey
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, USA
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