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Concepts for New Rapid Simple HPLC Method for Quantification of Fosfomycin Trometamol in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms with Direct UV Detection. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different concepts for developing direct HPLC-UV methods for quantifying fosfomycin trometamol were developed without any derivatization and modification of the analyte. In the first concept, without the use of alkylamines as ion-pairs in the mobile phase, by using cyanopropyl CN and a strong anion-exchanger column, we investigated the possibility of their highly polar and anion-exchanging forces and mechanisms to retain, separate and detect trometamol without the help of additional agents or modifiers. In the second concept, the most frequent reversed-phase C18 columns with different characteristics and vendors were tested in combination with different length-based alkylamines with 3–10 C atoms in their chains. In our research, we found that the ion-pairing of fosfomycin with 6–10 C-atom-based alkyl-length of aliphatic chains manifested the most appropriate strength of interactions between alkyl-paired trometamol molecules and octadecylsilane or C18 bonded RP column to achieve optimal retention, selectivity and peak shape on chromatograms, with the possibility for the fine-tuning of elution time. The simplicity of our method concept omits the need for expensive and sophisticated columns like HILIC, C30 graphite carbon, and mixed-mode-based columns for easier retaining, separation, and determination of fosfomycin, and for its quantification purposes, especially in high-throughput analyses in regular quality-control laboratories.
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Dimopoulos G, Koulenti D, Parker SL, Roberts JA, Arvaniti K, Poulakou G. Intravenous fosfomycin for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens: what is the evidence on dosing regimens? Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2019; 17:201-210. [PMID: 30668931 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2019.1573669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The intravenous (IV) formulation of fosfomycin has been re-introduced in clinical practice mainly to overcome treatment failures against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Appropriate dosing schedules of the IV formulation have not yet been established. Areas covered: The mechanism of action and resistance development, commercial IV formulations, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties, IV dosing regimens for the treatment of MDR infections along with efficacy and safety issues were reviewed. Data regarding specific MDR pathogens, daily doses and patients' outcomes, gaps in the current literature, and in progress research agenda are presented. Expert opinion: The doses of fosfomycin IV range between 12 and 24 grams/day depending on the severity of infection. The efficacy and safety of the commonly administered doses have been shown mainly in observational non-comparative trials. The optimal dose ensuring maximal efficacy with minimal toxicity along with the most appropriate co-administered antibiotic(s) need further evaluation. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameter associated with maximum efficacy has not yet been established, although, the ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) for the free unbound fraction of fosfomycin versus the MIC (fAUC/MIC) may be linked to optimal treatment. RCTs and other comparative studies are underway to address gaps of knowledge in adult patients and neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Dimopoulos
- a Department of Critical Care , University Hospital ATTIKON, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Despoina Koulenti
- a Department of Critical Care , University Hospital ATTIKON, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece.,b UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Suzanne L Parker
- b UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Jason A Roberts
- b UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,c School of Pharmacy, Centre for Translational Anti-infective Pharmacodynamics , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,d Department of Intensive Care Medicine , Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane , Australia.,e Pharmacy Department , Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Kostoula Arvaniti
- f Intensive Care Unit , Papageorgiou University Affiliated Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Garyphalia Poulakou
- g 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, SOTIRIA Hospital , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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Abstract
The treatment of bacterial infections suffers from two major problems: spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens and lack of development of new antibiotics active against such MDR and XDR bacteria. As a result, physicians have turned to older antibiotics, such as polymyxins, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. Lately, due to development of resistance to these agents, fosfomycin has gained attention, as it has remained active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative MDR and XDR bacteria. New data of higher quality have become available, and several issues were clarified further. In this review, we summarize the available fosfomycin data regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, the in vitro activity against susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, mechanisms of resistance and development of resistance during treatment, synergy and antagonism with other antibiotics, clinical effectiveness, and adverse events. Issues that need to be studied further are also discussed.
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Jiang H, Chen H, Cai N, Zou J, Ju X. Quantitative 31P-NMR spectroscopy for the determination of fosfomycin and impurity A in pharmaceutical products of fosfomycin sodium or calcium. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:454-9. [PMID: 25855198 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative 31P-NMR method for the determination of fosfomycin and impurity A in pharmaceutical products of fosfomycin sodium or calcium has been developed. In this method, coaxial inserts containing trimethyl phosphate are used as external standard. The method is convenient and robust, and gives both high accuracy and precision. It is shown that an accurate determination is possible using different probes and coaxial inserts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Jiang
- Center of Analysis and Test, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Nian Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Center of Analysis and Test, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Xiulian Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
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Papakondyli TA, Gremilogianni AM, Megoulas NC, Koupparis MA. A novel derivatization method for the determination of Fosfomycin in human plasma by liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric detection via phase transfer catalyzed derivatization. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1332:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dieguez S, Soraci A, Tapia O, Carciochi R, Pérez D, Harkes R, Romano O. DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC FOSFOMYCIN IN CHICKEN SERUM BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.526873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Dieguez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Soraci
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Ofelia Tapia
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Carciochi
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Denisa Pérez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Roberto Harkes
- b Bedson S.A., Las Palmeras 2240 , La Lonja, Pilar, Argentina
| | - Omar Romano
- b Bedson S.A., Las Palmeras 2240 , La Lonja, Pilar, Argentina
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Prutthiwanasan B, Suntornsuk L. Rapid analysis of alkylphosphonate drugs by capillary zone electrophoresis using indirect ultraviolet detection. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:228-34. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fosfomycin: an old, new friend? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2009; 29:127-42. [PMID: 19915879 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-009-0833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fosfomycin (FOM) is an antibiotic which has varying application indications across the globe. European, Japanese, South African and Brazilian usage practices are much broader, involving multiple formulations of FOM than the currently limited application of FOM in the United States, where uncomplicated urinary tract infection represents the only indication for FOM-tromethamine. Based on early difficulty in determining FOMs genuine in vitro activity, there was initial skepticism about its efficacy and application range. However, in the mid 1970s, correctly executed experiments coupled with an improved understanding of microbiological concepts opened the door for broader use of FOM. During the following 40 years FOM was evaluated in pre-clinical and clinical trials in a wide range of applications and in a multitude of settings. The gathering of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data was incorporated into large scale studies in which FOM efficacy was further explored and proven. Among European nations, intravenous FOM-disodium for patients presenting with soft tissue infections, sepsis or deep seated infectious processes has become well accepted over the last two decades. The recent emergence of bacterial strains, which impede and encumber pharmacotherapy, namely, MRSA, ESBL and MSSA, lends itself to the idea of reviving long-standing, sensibly used antimicrobial agents like FOM. This review provides a comprehensive conspectus on FOM's history, mode of action, tissue penetration characteristics, resistance, antibacterial activity, combination partners and clinical uses among other facets of interest.
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Capillary electrophoresis analysis of biofluids with a focus on less commonly analyzed matrices. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 866:154-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Castro-Puyana M, Crego AL, Marina ML. Recent advances in the analysis of antibiotics by CE and CEC. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:274-93. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li L, Chen X, Dai X, Chen H, Zhong D. Rapid and selective liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of fosfomycin in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 856:171-7. [PMID: 17574936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2007] [Revised: 05/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and selective liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of fosfomycin was developed and validated. Following protein-precipitation, the analyte and internal standard (fudosteine) were separated from human plasma using an isocratic mobile phase on an Ultimate XB-CN column. An API 4000 tandem mass spectrometer equipped with Turbo IonSpray ionization source was used as detector and was operated in the negative ion mode. Multiple reaction monitoring using the precursor to product ion combinations of m/z 137-->79 and m/z 178-->91 was performed to quantify fosfomycin and fudosteine, respectively. The method was linear in the concentration range of 0.10-12.0 microg/mL using 50 microL of plasma. The lower limit of quantification was 0.10 microg/mL. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviation over the entire concentration range was less than 10.6%. Accuracy determined at three concentrations (0.25, 1.00 and 8.00 microg/mL for fosfomycin) ranged from -1.0% to -4.2% in terms of relative error. Each plasma sample was chromatographed within 5.0 min. The method was successfully used in a bioequivalence study of fosfomycin in human plasma after an oral administration of capsules containing 1.0 g fosfomycin (approximately 1.3g calcium fosfomycin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 646 Songtao Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Sauermann R, Karch R, Langenberger H, Kettenbach J, Mayer-Helm B, Petsch M, Wagner C, Sautner T, Gattringer R, Karanikas G, Joukhadar C. Antibiotic abscess penetration: fosfomycin levels measured in pus and simulated concentration-time profiles. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 49:4448-54. [PMID: 16251282 PMCID: PMC1280140 DOI: 10.1128/aac.49.11.4448-4454.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the ability of fosfomycin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, to penetrate into abscess fluid. Twelve patients scheduled for surgical or computer tomography-guided abscess drainage received a single intravenous dose of 8 g of fosfomycin. The fosfomycin concentrations in plasma over time and in pus upon drainage were determined. A pharmacokinetic model was developed to estimate the concentration-time profile of fosfomycin in pus. Individual fosfomycin concentrations in abscess fluid at drainage varied substantially, ranging from below the limit of detection up to 168 mg/liter. The fosfomycin concentrations in pus of the study population correlated neither with plasma levels nor with the individual ratios of abscess surface area to volume. This finding was attributed to highly variable abscess permeability. The average concentration in pus was calculated to be 182 +/- 64 mg/liter at steady state, exceeding the MIC(50/90)s of several bacterial species which are commonly involved in abscess formation, such as streptococci, staphylococci, and Escherichia coli. Hereby, the exceptionally long mean half-life of fosfomycin of 32 +/- 39 h in abscess fluid may favor its antimicrobial effect because fosfomycin exerts time-dependent killing. After an initial loading dose of 10 to 12 g, fosfomycin should be administered at doses of 8 g three times per day to reach sufficient concentrations in abscess fluid and plasma. Applying this dosing regimen, fosfomycin levels in abscess fluid are expected to be effective after multiple doses in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sauermann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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