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Sergazina M, Vazquez L, Llompart M, Dagnac T. Occurrence of Fungicides in Vineyard and the Surrounding Environment. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206152. [PMID: 34684732 PMCID: PMC8537801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventeen fungicides were determined in different matrices from vineyard areas, including vine leaves, soils, grapes and water, using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). For leaf analysis, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed evaluating different solvents. UAE was compared with other extraction techniques such as vortex extraction (VE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD). The performance of the UAE method was demonstrated on vine leaf samples and on other types of samples such as tea leaves, underlining its general suitability for leaf crops. As regards other matrices, soils were analyzed by UAE and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), grapes by UAE and waters by SPE using cork as the sorbent. The proposed method was applied to 17 grape leaf samples in which 14 of the target fungicides were detected at concentrations up to 1000 μg g−1. Furthermore, the diffusion and transport of fungicides was demonstrated not only in crops but also in environmental matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meruyert Sergazina
- CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (L.V.)
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Lua Vazquez
- CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Maria Llompart
- CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (L.V.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (T.D.)
| | - Thierry Dagnac
- Galician Agency for Food Quality—Agronomic Research Centre (AGACAL-CIAM), Unit of Organic Contaminants, Apartado 10, E-15080 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (T.D.)
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Determination of Three Typical Metabolites of Pyrethroid Pesticides in Tea Using a Modified QuEChERS Sample Preparation by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010189. [PMID: 33477680 PMCID: PMC7831930 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrethroid pesticides are widely used on tea plants, and their residues of high frequency and concentration have received great attention. Until recently, the residues of typical metabolites of pyrethroid pesticides in tea were unknown. Herein, a modified “quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe” (QuEChERS) method for the determination of three typical metabolites of pyrethroid pesticides in tea, using ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, was developed. The mixture of florisil, octadecylsilane, and graphite carbon black was employed as modified QuEChERS adsorbents. A Kinetex C18 column achieved good separation and chromatographic peaks of all analytes. The calibration curves of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) and 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4-F-3-PBA) were linear in the range of 0.1–50 ng mL−1 (determination coefficient R2 higher than 0.999), and that of cis-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (TFA) was in the range of 1–100 ng mL−1 (R2 higher than 0.998). The method was validated and recoveries ranged from 83.0% to 117.3%. Intra- and inter-day precisions were lower than or equal to 13.2%. The limits of quantification of 3-PBA, 4-F-3-PBA, and TFA were 5, 2, and 10 μg kg−1, respectively. A total of 22 tea samples were monitored using this method, and 3-PBA and TFA were found in two green tea samples.
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Ly TK, Ho TD, Behra P, Nhu-Trang TT. Determination of 400 pesticide residues in green tea leaves by UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS combined with QuEChERS extraction and mixed-mode SPE clean-up method. Food Chem 2020; 326:126928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Görel-Manav Ö, Dinç-Zor Ş, Akyildiz E, Alpdoğan G. Multivariate optimization of a new LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 156 pesticide residues in milk and dairy products. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4808-4817. [PMID: 32478406 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides are widely utilized worldwide to control undesirable life forms during the planting procedure in agriculture. But they can pollute the nature and jeopardize human wellbeing. Additionally, on account of high resistance and biological activity; pesticides are able to accumulate in living organs and lead to acute and long-term negative effects along with toxicity. Milk and dairy products constitute an important part of a humans' diet since they contain fundamental supplements and nutrients, however they may also be the source of unhealthy components including pesticides. Therefore efficient, accurate and sensitive determination methods must be improved to quantify pesticide residues in these food samples. RESULTS Multivariate optimization strategy was employed to optimize an efficient and robust liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of 156 pesticide residues in milk and dairy products. Three independent variables considered and their levels in the Box-Behnken design were as follows: initial percentage of eluent A in mobile phase (30, 40, 50%), flow rate of the mobile phase (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mL min-1 ), and ammonium formate concentration in mobile phase (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 mmol L-1 ). Under optimized conditions, average recoveries of target analytes were obtained in the range of 70.38% to 119.04%. Detection and quantification limits ranged from 0.06 to 2.70 μg kg-1 and from 0.22 to 8.10 μg kg-1 , respectively. CONCLUSION The validated method was successfully implemented to the analysis of 20 milk and dairy products including cream, cheese and yogurt. This method could be applied in many laboratories to reduce analysis time and cost. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Şule Dinç-Zor
- Chemistry Department, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emir Akyildiz
- Pronitron Analitik Cihazlar San. Tic. Ltd. Şti, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güzin Alpdoğan
- Chemistry Department, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tian F, Qiao C, Luo J, Guo L, Pang T, Pang R, Li J, Wang C, Wang R, Xie H. Method development and validation of ten pyrethroid insecticides in edible mushrooms by Modified QuEChERS and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7042. [PMID: 32341428 PMCID: PMC7184573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for simultaneous determination of ten pyrethroid insecticides residues in edible mushrooms was developed. The samples were pretreated by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged (QuEChERS) method. The ten pyrethroid insecticides were extracted from six kinds of edible mushrooms using acetonitrile and subsequently cleaned up by octadecylsilane (C18) or primary secondary amine (PSA). Instrumental analysis was completed in 16 min using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The overall average recoveries in the six kinds of edible mushrooms at three levels (10, 100 and 1000 μg kg-1) ranged from 72.8% to 103.6%. The intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSD) were lower than 13.0%. The quantification limits were below 5.57 μg kg-1 in different matrices. The results demonstrated that the method is convenient for the quick detection of pyrethroid insecticides in edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajun Tian
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Chengkui Qiao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Linlin Guo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Tao Pang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Rongli Pang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Hanzhong Xie
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
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Determination of Pyrethroids in Paris polyphylla Sample by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Using Ultrasound-Assisted Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction. Int J Anal Chem 2019; 2019:4968924. [PMID: 31178911 PMCID: PMC6507112 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4968924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel ultrasound-assisted magnetic solid-phase extraction (UA-MSPE) was developed for the separation/preconcentration of trace amounts of pyrethroids (fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, and bifenthrin) in Paris polyphylla sample using carbon nanotubes based on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@CNT MNPs), and high-performance liquid chromatography-UV is described. High recoveries of pyrethroids were obtained at a low MNPs concentration because sonication enhances the contact chances between magnetic nanoparticles and extractable analytes and promotes the extractability of the MSPE process. After the extraction, the adsorbent can be conveniently separated from the sample solution by an external magnet, and the adsorbed analytes were eluted from magnetic Fe3O4@CNT. The main factors influencing the extraction efficiency including the amount of the MNPs, the extraction time, the pH of sample solution, the sonicating time, and the desorption conditions were studied and optimized. Under the optimized experimental conditions, a good linearity was observed in the range of 1-100.0 ng mL-1 for all the analytes, with the correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.9962 to 0.9991. The limits of detection of the four pyrethroids are 0.53, 0.26, 0.47, and 0.67 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of the method were in the range between 85.5% and 93.2%. This method is much faster and more effective than traditional SPE methods, and it is promising for the analysis of pyrethroids residues.
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7
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Application of magnetic N-doped carbon nanotubes in solid-phase extraction of trace bisphenols from fruit juices. Food Chem 2018; 269:413-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Fang Y, Tian W, Pei F, Li P, Shao X, Fan Y, Hu Q. Simultaneous determination of pesticide residues and antioxidants in blended oil using a liquid-liquid extraction combined with dispersive solid phase extraction method. Food Chem 2017; 229:347-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ruggieri F, D’Archivio AA, Foschi M, Maggi MA. Experimental Design in Ion Chromatography: Effect of the Organic Modifier and Complexing Agent on the Retention of Alkaline and Alkaline Earth Ions. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Centrifugation and Ultrafiltration: Multistage Process for Polyphenol Recovery from Purple Sweet Potatoes. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111584. [PMID: 27879622 PMCID: PMC6274370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This work provides an evaluation of an ultrasound-assisted, combined extraction, centrifugation and ultrafiltration process for the optimal recovery of polyphenols. A purple sweet potato (PSP) extract has been obtained using ultrasonic circulating extraction equipment at a power of 840 W, a frequency of 59 kHz and using water as solvent. Extract ultrafiltration, using polyethersulfone (PES), was carried out for the recovery of polyphenol, protein and anthocyanin. Pre-treatment, via the centrifugation of purple sweet potato extract at 2500 rpm over 6 min, led to better polyphenol recovery, with satisfactory protein removal (reused for future purposes), than PSP extract filtration without centrifugation. Results showed that anthocyanin was efficiently recovered (99%) from permeate. The exponential model fit well with the experimental ultrafiltration data and led to the calculation of the membrane’s fouling coefficient. The optimization of centrifugation conditions showed that, at a centrifugation speed of 4000 rpm (1195× g) and duration of 7.74 min, the optimized polyphenol recovery and fouling coefficient were 34.5% and 29.5 m−1, respectively. The removal of proteins in the centrifugation process means that most of the anthocyanin content (90%) remained after filtration. No significant differences in the intensities of the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS2 peaks were found in the samples taken before and after centrifugation for the main anthocyanins; peonidin-3-feruloylsophoroside-5-glucoside, peonidin-3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, and peonidin-3-caffeoyl-feruloyl sophoroside-5-glucoside. This proves that centrifugation is an efficient method for protein removal without anthocyanin loss. This study considers this process an ultrasound-assisted extraction-centrifugation-ultrafiltration for purple sweet potato valorization in “green” technology.
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Utilizing a novel sorbent in the solid phase extraction for simultaneous determination of 15 pesticide residues in green tea by GC/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1023-1024:44-54. [PMID: 27183089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide residues exceeding standard in green tea is a widespread problem of the world's attention, containing organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), and pyrethroids. In this research, three dimensionally honeycomb Mg-Al layered double oxide (TDH-Mg-Al-LDO) combined with graphitized carbon black (GCB), packed as a column, was used as a novel solid phase extraction sorbent, applying in simultaneous determination of 15 pesticide residues in green tea coupled with GC-MS. Compared with different type of SPE column, it showed that TDH-Mg-Al-LDO exhibited great advantages in the extraction of 15 pesticide residues from green tea, which was seldom reported before. Different experiment conditions, such as combination order of Mg-Al-LDO and GCB, dosage of sorbents, type and volume of eluting solvent were thoroughly studied and optimized. The limits of detection (LODs) of 15 pesticides ranged from 0.9 to 24.2ng/g and the limits of quantifications (LOQs) were ranging from 3.0 to 80.0ng/g. The recoveries using this method at three spiked concentration levels (10, 100 and 500ng/g for Fenthion, P,P'-DDE, O,P'-DDT, P,P'-DDD and Bifenthrin, 100, 500 and 2000ng/g for the others) range from 71.1 to 119.0%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was from 0.1 to 7.6% in all case. The result indicated that the proposed analytical method had been successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of 15 pesticide residues in commercial green tea.
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12
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D’Archivio AA, Maggi MA, Marinelli C, Ruggieri F, Stecca F. Optimisation of temperature-programmed gas chromatographic separation of organochloride pesticides by response surface methodology. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1423:149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Cao Y, Tang H, Chen D, Li L. A novel method based on MSPD for simultaneous determination of 16 pesticide residues in tea by LC–MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 998-999:72-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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A Modified QuEChERS Sample Preparation Method for Simultaneous Determination of 62 Pesticide Residues in Edible Fungi Using Gas Chromatography–Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Deng X, Guo Q, Chen X, Xue T, Wang H, Yao P. Rapid and effective sample clean-up based on magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the determination of pesticide residues in tea by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2014; 145:853-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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A Modified QuEChERS Sample Preparation Method for the Analysis of 70 Pesticide Residues in Tea Using Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-9791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Li X, Zhang Z, Li P, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Ding X. Determination for major chemical contaminants in tea (Camellia sinensis) matrices: A review. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Du Z, Liu M, Li G. Novel magnetic SPE method based on carbon nanotubes filled with cobalt ferrite for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in honey and tea. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3387-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Miao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
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19
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Gao L, Chen L. Preparation of magnetic carbon nanotubes for separation of pyrethroids from tea samples. Mikrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-013-0947-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Oellig C, Schwack W. Planar solid phase extraction clean-up for pesticide residue analysis in tea by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1260:42-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Liu D, Min S. Rapid analysis of organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides in tea samples by directly suspended droplet microextraction using a gas chromatography-electron capture detector. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1235:166-73. [PMID: 22440664 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient directly suspended droplet microextraction (DSDME) has been developed to extract and pre-concentrate organochlorine and pyrethrin pesticides from tea samples prior to analysis by a gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The optimal experimental conditions of DSDME were: 100 μL isooctane exposed for 15 min to 5 mL of the tea aqueous sample stirred at 1100 rpm. For most of the target analytes, the optimal pretreatment of DSDME processes led to no significant interference of tea matrices. The approach was applied to the determination of organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides in tea samples, with a linearity range of 0.0005-2 μg/mL. The relative recoveries of all the pesticides ranged between 80.0% and 120.8% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the range of 0.8-19.9% (n=5). The limits of detections (LODs) ranged between 0.04 and 1 μg/L for all the target pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Rallis GN, Sakkas VA, Boumba VA, Vougiouklakis T, Albanis TA. Determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in post-mortem human lung by matrix solid-phase dispersion with the aid of response surface methodology and desirability function. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1227:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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23
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Papadopoulos VD, Beligiannis GN, Hela DG. Combining experimental design and artificial neural networks for the determination of chlorinated compounds in fish using matrix solid-phase dispersion. Appl Soft Comput 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2011.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Response surface methodology to optimize gradient ion chromatographic separation of inorganic anions and organic acids in tobacco leaves. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Shen ZL, Yuan D, Zhang H, Hu M, Zhu JH, Zhang XQ, Suc QD. Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion-Accelerated Solvent Extraction for Determination of OCP Residues in Fish Muscles. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion Extraction Adsorbent for Simultaneous Analysis of Residues of Nine Organophosphorus Pesticides in Fruit and Vegetables by Rapid Resolution LC–MS–MS. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-010-1840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Huang Y, Zhou Q, Xiao J. Establishment of trace determination method of pyrethroid pesticides with TiO2 nanotube array micro-solid phase equilibrium extraction combined with GC-ECD. Analyst 2011; 136:2741-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an01029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Zhang X, Mobley N, Zhang J, Zheng X, Lu L, Ragin O, Smith CJ. Analysis of agricultural residues on tea using d-SPE sample preparation with GC-NCI-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:11553-11560. [PMID: 20961040 DOI: 10.1021/jf102476m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study presents new sample preparation and analytical procedures for the quantification of pesticides on processed tea leaves. The new method includes tea extraction and dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) to prepare gas chromatography (GC) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-ready samples, providing a fast and cost-effective solution for time-sensitive industrial analysis to fulfill regulatory requirements. Both GC-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS) and UHPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) were employed to produce highly sensitive and reproducible data. Excellent limits of detection (typically below 1 μg/kg for GC and 10 μg/kg for UHPLC), wide linearity ranges, and good recoveries (mostly >70%) were achieved on the selected pesticides. Twenty-seven tea samples purchased from local grocery stores were analyzed using the newly developed methods. Among the pesticides analyzed, endosulfan sulfate and kelthane were the most frequently detected by GC-NCI-MS and imidacloprid and acetamiprid by UHPLC-MS/MS in these teas. The samples were found to be relatively clean, with <1 mg/kg of total pesticide residues. The organic-labeled teas were significantly cleaner than nonorganic ones. The cost per gram of tea did not correlate with pesticide residue levels detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Ingredient Quality Department, The Coca-Cola Company, 1 Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia 30313, United States
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Pakade YB, Tewary DK. Development and applications of single-drop microextraction for pesticide residue analysis: A review. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3683-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Analysis of eight pyrethroids in water samples by liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet combined with gas chromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Pesticide determination in tomatoes by solid–liquid extraction with purification at low temperature and gas chromatography. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Fang G, Min G, He J, Zhang C, Qian K, Wang S. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes as matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction absorbents to determine 31 pesticides in agriculture samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3040-3045. [PMID: 19326860 DOI: 10.1021/jf803913q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction (MSPDE) method was developed to extract 31 pesticides from agriculture samples using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as adsorbent prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) determination. The comparisons of MWCNTs with C(18) and diatomite were studied in the MSPD procedure. The results showed that the extracts obtained by using MWCNTs were cleaner than those obtained by using C(18) and diatomite. Using the developed method, recoveries ranged from 74.2 to 104.2% with relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging from 3.1 to 8.8% for the apple matrix, and 71.5-113.3% with RSD ranging from 3.2 to 9.7% for the potato matrix. The limits of detection (LODs), calculated as 3 times the background noise, ranged from 0.1 to 3.1 microg kg(-1) for the apple matrix and 0.1 to 4.0 mug kg(-1) for the potato matrix. The proposed MSPDE method was used to analyze real samples obtained in a local market, the results were approximation to those obtained using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method, and prometryn, isocarbophos and methidathion were detected at levels below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) allowed by the Chinese Government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Llompart M, Lamas JP, Lores M, Garcia-Jares C, Cela R, Dagnac T. Development of a matrix solid-phase dispersion method for the simultaneous determination of pyrethroid and organochlorinated pesticides in cattle feed. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2832-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Boti VI, Sakkas VA, Albanis TA. An experimental design approach employing artificial neural networks for the determination of potential endocrine disruptors in food using matrix solid-phase dispersion. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:1296-304. [PMID: 19144345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) as a sample preparation method for the determination of two potential endocrine disruptors, linuron and diuron and their common metabolites, 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylurea (DCPMU), 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCPU) and 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) in food commodities has been developed. The influence of the main factors on the extraction process yield was thoroughly evaluated. For that purpose, a 3 fractional factorial design in further combination with artificial neural networks (ANNs) was employed. The optimal networks found were afterwards used to identify the optimum region corresponding to the highest average recovery displaying at the same time the lowest standard deviation for all analytes. Under final optimal conditions, potato samples (0.5 g) were mixed and dispersed on the same amount of Florisil. The blend was transferred on a polypropylene cartridge and analytes were eluted using 10 ml of methanol. The extract was concentrated to 50 microl of acetonitrile/water (50:50) and injected in a high performance liquid chromatography coupled to UV-diode array detector system (HPLC/UV-DAD). Recoveries ranging from 55 to 96% and quantification limits between 5.3 and 15.2 ng/g were achieved. The method was also applied to other selected food commodities such as apple, carrot, cereals/wheat flour and orange juice demonstrating very good overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki I Boti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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35
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García-López M, Canosa P, Rodríguez I. Trends and recent applications of matrix solid-phase dispersion. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:963-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-1898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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36
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Ferreira SLC, Bruns RE, Ferreira HS, Matos GD, David JM, Brandão GC, da Silva EGP, Portugal LA, dos Reis PS, Souza AS, dos Santos WNL. Box-Behnken design: An alternative for the optimization of analytical methods. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 597:179-86. [PMID: 17683728 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1197] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Revised: 07/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present paper describes fundamentals, advantages and limitations of the Box-Behnken design (BBD) for the optimization of analytical methods. It establishes also a comparison between this design and composite central, three-level full factorial and Doehlert designs. A detailed study on factors and responses involved during the optimization of analytical systems is also presented. Functions developed for calculation of multiple responses are discussed, including the desirability function, which was proposed by Derringer and Suich in 1980. Concept and evaluation of robustness of analytical methods are also discussed. Finally, descriptions of applications of this technique for optimization of analytical methods are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L C Ferreira
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, Bahia 40170-290, Brazil.
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37
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Optimization of coagulation–flocculation process for a paper-recycling wastewater treatment using response surface methodology. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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38
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Huang Z, Li Y, Chen B, Yao S. Simultaneous determination of 102 pesticide residues in Chinese teas by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 853:154-62. [PMID: 17400037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2006] [Revised: 03/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of 102 pesticide residues in teas has been established and validated. The multi-residue analysis of the pesticides in teas involved extraction with acetone-ethyl acetate-hexane, clean-up using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and solid-phase extraction (SPE), and subsequent identification and quantification of the selected pesticides by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) under retention time locked (RTL) conditions. For most of the target analytes, the optimized pretreatment processes led to no significant interference on analysis from sample matrix, and the determination of 102 compounds was achieved in about 120 min. Pesticide residues could be determined in low sub-ppb range, from 0.01 microg/mL for hexachlorobenzene to 2.5 microg/mL for propargite, with average recoveries ranging from 59.7 to 120.9% (mean 88%) and relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the range 3.0-20.8% (mean 13.7%) for all analytes across three fortification tea levels. The limits of detection (LODs) were much lower than the maximum residue levels established by the European Union (EU) legislations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biological Sensing & Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Bogialli S, Di Corcia A. Matrix solid-phase dispersion as a valuable tool for extracting contaminants from foodstuffs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:163-79. [PMID: 17126908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 07/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This review updates our knowledge on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), a sample treatment procedure that is increasingly used for extracting/purifying contaminants from a variety of solid, semi-solid, viscous, and liquid foodstuffs. MSPD is primarily used because of its flexibility, selectivity, and the possibility of performing extraction and cleanup in one step, this resulting in drastically shortening of the analysis time and low consumption of toxic and expensive solvents. Technical developments and parameters influencing the extraction yield and selectivity are examined and discussed. Experimental results for the analysis of pesticides, veterinary drugs, persistent environmental chemicals, naturally occurring toxicants, and surfactants in food are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bogialli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università La Sapienza, Piazza Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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40
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Barker SA. Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:151-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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41
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Picó Y, Fernández M, Ruiz MJ, Font G. Current trends in solid-phase-based extraction techniques for the determination of pesticides in food and environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:117-31. [PMID: 17175029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedures for pesticide residues in food and environment are reviewed and discussed. The use of these procedures, which include several approaches such as: matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), represents an opportunity to reduce analysis time, solvent consumption, and overall cost. SPE techniques differ from solvent extraction depending on the interactions between a sorbent and the pesticide. This interaction may be specific for a particular pesticide, as in the interaction with an immunosorbent, or non-specific, as in the way a number of different pesticides are adsorbed on apolar or polar materials. A variety of applications were classified according to the method applied: conventional SPE, SPME, hollow-fiber micro-extraction (HFME), MSPD and SBSE. Emphasis is placed on the multiresidue analysis of liquid and solid samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Picó
- Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmácia, Universitat de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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